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951.
An analytic and numerical study of the behavior of the linear nonhomogeneous wave equation of the form ε2utt = Δu + tf with high wave speed (ε 1) is carried out. This study was initially motivated by meteorological observations which have indicated the presence of large spatial scale gravity waves in the neighborhood of a number of summer and winter storms, mainly from visible images of ripples in clouds in satellite photos. There is a question as to whether the presence of these waves is caused by the nearby storms. Since the linear wave equation is an approximation to the full system describing pressure waves in the atmosphere, yet is considerably more tractable, we have chosen to analyze the behavior of the linear nonhomogeneous wave equation with high wave speed. The analysis is shown to be valid in one, two, and three space dimensions. Partly because of the high wave speed, the solution is known to consist of behavior which changes on two different time scales, one rapid and one slow. Additionally, because of the presence of the nonhomogeneous forcing term tf, we show that there is a component of the solution which will vary only on a very large spatial scale. Since even the linearized wave equation can give rise to persistent large spatial scale waves under the right conditions, the implication is that certain storms could be responsible for the generation of large-scale waves. Numerical simulations in one and two dimensions confirm analytic results. 相似文献
952.
953.
We consider the following Type of problems. Calls arrive at a queue of capacity K (which is called the primary queue), and attempt to get served by a single server. If upon arrival, the queue is full and
the server is busy, the new arriving call moves into an infinite capacity orbit, from which it makes new attempts to reach
the primary queue, until it finds it non-full (or it finds the server idle). If the queue is not full upon arrival, then the
call (customer) waits in line, and will be served according to the FIFO order. If λ is the arrival rate (average number per
time unit) of calls and μ is one over the expected service time in the facility, it is well known that μ > λ is not always
sufficient for stability. The aim of this paper is to provide general conditions under which it is a sufficient condition.
In particular, (i) we derive conditions for Harris ergodicity and obtain bounds for the rate of convergence to the steady
state and large deviations results, in the case that the inter-arrival times, retrial times and service times are independent
i.i.d. sequences and the retrial times are exponentially distributed; (ii) we establish conditions for strong coupling convergence
to a stationary regime when either service times are general stationary ergodic (no independence assumption), and inter-arrival
and retrial times are i.i.d. exponentially distributed; or when inter-arrival times are general stationary ergodic, and service
and retrial times are i.i.d. exponentially distributed; (iii) we obtain conditions for the existence of uniform exponential
bounds of the queue length process under some rather broad conditions on the retrial process. We finally present conditions
for boundedness in distribution for the case of nonpatient (or non persistent) customers.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
954.
A. N. Urumbaev 《Ukrainian Mathematical Journal》1997,49(2):320-326
We show that the modified method for finite-dimensional approximation of solutions of Fredholm integral equations of the first
kind presented in this paper is more economical than traditional methods for finite-dimensional approximation.
Institute of Mathematies, Ukrainian Academy of Science, Kiev. Translated from Ukrainskii Matematicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 49,
No. 2, pp. 289–295, February, 1997. 相似文献
955.
O. A. Dubovskii 《Physics of the Solid State》1998,40(11):1937-1941
Solutions of the dispersion equations for polariton states in finite one-dimensional crystals of arbitrary length are obtained.
The appearance and evolution of the radiative and nonradiative polariton branches are traced as the length varies from two
monomers to limiting values, above which the spectrum no longer undergoes significant changes. The dependences of the frequencies
and radiative widths on the polariton wave vector are found for various orientations of the dipole moment of the quantum transition.
The evolution of superradiance as the length of the crystal increases is traced. Some previously unknown significant features
of the polariton spectrum are noted particularly the damping of the branch traditionally termed nonradiative as a consequence
of emission from the end faces.
Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 40, 2136–2140 (November 1998) 相似文献
956.
An assignment of the near-infrared bands in the 600–800 nm spectral region observed in magnetic circular dichroism (MCD)
spectra of high-spin ferrous haemoproteins is presented. The assignment is based on a relative energy level scheme for iron
d-electrons, a comparison of predicted and measured temperature dependences of MCD intensity, a sign of MCD bands and a group
theoretical analysis of allowed transitions. The proposed assignment is consistent with the ∼15-nm red shift of the ∼760 nm
band on breakage of the Fe-His bond in deoxy-myoglobin at low pH, with low-temperature photolysis experiments available for
CO complexes of several haemoproteins. In accordance with the observations, the intensity of the MCD bands for proteins with
a sulphur anion of cysteine as proximal haemligand (cytochrome P450 and chloroperoxidase) is predicted to be diminished by
at least one order of magnitude compared to that for proteins with an imidazole of a histidine as a protein-derived haemligand
(i.e. myoglobin, haemoglobin and horseradish peroxidase).
Received: 4 February 1997 / Accepted: 1 May 1997 相似文献
957.
Microencapsulation of DNA Within alginate microspheres and crosslinked chitosan membranes for in vivo application 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
T. Alexakis D. K. Boadi D. Quong A. Groboillot I. O’Neill D. Poncelet R. J. Neufeld 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1995,50(1):93-106
Calf thymus DNA was microencapsulated within crosslinked chitosan membranes, or immobilized within chitosan-coated alginate
microspheres. Microcapsules were prepared by interfacial polymerization of chitosan, and alginate microspheres formed by emulsification/
internal gelation. Diameters ranged from 20 to 500 Μm, depending on the formulation conditions. Encapsulated DNA was quantifiedin situ by direct spectrophotometry (260 nm) and ethidium bromide fluorimetry, and compared to DNA measurements on the fractions
following disruption and dissolution of the microspheres. Approximately 84% of the DNA was released upon core dissolution
and membrane disruption, with 12% membrane bound. The yield of encapsulation was 96%. Leakage of DNA from intact microspheres/capsules
was not observed. DNA microcapsules and microspheres were recovered intact from rat feces following gavage and gastrointestinal
transit. Higher recoveries (60%) and reduced shrinkage during transit were obtained with the alginate microspheres. DNA was
recovered and purified from the microcapsules and microspheres by chromatography and differential precipitation with ethanol.
This is the first report of microcapsules or microspheres containing biologically active material (DNA) being passed through
the gastrointestinal tract, with the potential for substantial recovery. 相似文献
958.
The microwave subsidiary absorption threshold in tangentially magnetized yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) films was measured as a function of the static magnetic field, film thickness and decrease in the 0.3–3 μm range is observed. The effect is explained quantitatively by using modified Damon-Eshbach dispersion relations which take into account exchange interactions.
The effect of temperature on hcrit, the smallest threshold field amplitude, in the 250<T< 450 K temperature range can be expressed by an empirical relationship hcrit Ms(T)-1.6 where Ms is the saturation magnetization. This hcrit vs Ms relationship is similar to that obtained for the magnetization dependence of parallel pump thresholds in Li-Ti ferrite compounds. 相似文献
959.
960.