Studies on Colloidal Properties of Mixed Metal Hydroxide－Clay Aqueous Suspension

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Studies on Artificial Imitation of Glutathione Peroxidase by Chemical Mutation

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基于二苯甲酰酒石酸构筑的钴（Ⅱ）、镍（Ⅱ）配合物的合成、结构、荧光及磁性质

在室温条件下合成了2个配合物[Ni（DBTA）（DMF）（H₂O）₄]（1）和[Co（DBTA）（DMF）（H₂O）₄]（2）（D-H₂DBTA=D-（+）-二苯甲酰酒石酸,DMF=N,N-二甲基甲酰胺）,并通过元素分析、FT-IR光谱、X射线单晶及粉末衍射表征了2个配合物的结构。X射线单晶衍射结果表明,2个配合物同构,属于单斜晶系,P2₁空间群。配合物由配位键形成零维结构,再通过分子间氢键形成三维网状结构。荧光分析表明当激发波长为280 nm时,配合物1和2具有较强的荧光。尽管2个配合物同构,但表现出不同的磁性质：配合物1主要表现出Ni²⁺离子间弱的反铁磁相互作用,而配合物2则表现为Co²⁺离子的磁各向异性以及Co²⁺离子间强的反铁磁相互作用。     

固相烧结法制备锂离子电池正极材料Li2FeP2O7及其电化学性能研究

介绍了一种先冷冻干燥后固相烧结制备正极材料Li₂FeP₂O₇的方法. 利用X射线衍射(XRD)、 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、 透射电子显微镜(TEM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)对材料的组成和形态进行表征, 并通过循环伏安曲线(CV)和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)研究了Li₂FeP₂O₇材料的电化学性能. 研究发现, 合成Li₂FeP₂O₇的最佳温度为590 ℃, 此温度下反应较完全且产物杂质较少, 1.6C倍率下的放电比容量达到55 mA·h·g^?1, 明显高于其它温度下合成样品的放电比容量. 该温度下合成的Li₂FeP₂O₇还具有低阻抗和较大的交换电流密度, 说明这种合成方式有利于提高锂离子在Li₂FeP₂O₇中的扩散.     

Modulating the Acidic and Basic Site Concentration of Metal-Organic Framework Derivatives to Promote the Carbon Dioxide Epoxidation Reaction

Metal-organic framework (MOF) is an ideal precursor/template for porous carbon, and its active components are uniformly doped, which can be used in energy storage and catalytic conversion fields. Metal-organic framework PCN-224 with carboxylporphyrin as the ligand was synthesized, and then Zn²⁺ and Co²⁺ ions were coordinated in the center of the porphyrin ring by post-modification. Here, PCN-224−ZnCo with different ratios of bimetallic Zn²⁺/Co²⁺ ions were used as the precursor, and the metal-nitrogen-carbon(M−N−C) material of PCN-224−ZnCo-950 was obtained by pyrolyzing the precursor at 950 °C in Ar. Because Zn is easy to volatilize at 950 °C, the formed M−N−C materials can reflect different Co contents and different basic site concentrations. The formed material still maintains the original basic framework. With the increase of Zn²⁺/Co²⁺ ratio in precursor, the concentration of N-containing alkaline sites in pyrolysis products gradually increase. Compared with the precursor, PCN-224−ZnCo₁-950 with Zn²⁺/Co²⁺=1 : 1 has greatly improved basicity and suitable acidic/ alkaline site concentration. It can be efficiently used to carbon dioxide absorption and catalyze the cycloaddition of CO₂ with epoxide. More importantly, the current method of adjusting the acidic/basic sites in M−N−C materials through volatilization of volatile metals can provide an effective strategy for adjusting the catalysis of MOF derivatives with porphyrin structure.     

Acid-Catalyzed RNA-Oligomerization from 3’,5’-cGMP

The assembly of ancient informational polymers from nucleotide precursors is the central challenge of life's origin on our planet. Among the possible solutions, dry polymerization of 3’,5’-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (3’,5’-cGMP) has been proposed as a candidate to create oligonucleotides of 15–20 units in length. However, the reported sensitivity of the reaction to the presence of cations raised questions of whether this chemistry could be relevant in a geological context. The experiments in this study show that the presence of cations is not restrictive as long as the reaction is conducted in an acidic environment, in contrast to previous reports that suggested optimal conditions at pH 9.     

Chemical Composition of a Novel Distillate from Fermented Mixture of Nine Anti-Inflammatory Herbs and Its UVB-Protective Efficacy in Mouse Dorsal Skin via Attenuating Collagen Disruption and Inflammation

Since ancient times, various herbs have been used in Asia, including Korea, China, and Japan, for wound healing and antiaging of the skin. In this study, we manufactured and chemically analyzed a novel distillate obtained from a fermented mixture of nine anti-inflammatory herbs (Angelica gigas, Lonicera japonica, Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz., D. opposita Thunb., Ulmus davidiana var. japonica, Hordeum vulgare var. hexastichon Aschers., Xanthium strumarium L., Cnidium officinale, and Houttuynia cordata Thunb.). The fermentation of natural plants possesses beneficial effects in living systems. These activities are attributed to the chemical conversion of the parent plants to functional constituents which show more potent biological activities. In our current study, the distillate has been manufactured after fermenting the nine oriental medical plants with Lactobacillus fermentum, followed by distilling. We analyzed the chemical ingredients involved in the distillate and evaluated the effects of topical application of the distillate on ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin damage in Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice. Topical application of the distillate significantly ameliorated the macroscopic and microscopic morphology of the dorsal skin against photodamage induced by UVB radiation. Additionally, our current results showed that topical application of the distillate alleviated collagen disruption and reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1 β expressions) in the dorsal skin against UVB radiation. Taken together, our current findings suggest that the distillate has a potential to be used as a material to develop a photoprotective adjuvant.     

Collapse of Four-Arm Stars Polyelectrolyte Brushes Under An Electric Field in the Presence of Trivalent Salt Coions

Langevin dynamics simulations were conducted to study the collapse of grafted partially charged 4-arm star chains onto the oppositely charged grafting electrode in the presence of trivalent salt coions. Simulation results reveal that the average charge fraction of the grafted star chains and the salt concentration play critical roles in the competitive adsorption of charged monomers and trivalent salt coions onto the oppositely charged electrode. For grafted star chains with relatively high charge fraction, charged monomers are the dominant species collapsing on the oppositely charged electrode with the emergence of charge reversal on the grafting electrode. At a low charge fraction such that the total amount of charges on a grafted star molecule is comparable to that of a trivalent salt coion, trivalent salt coions absorb more strongly onto the electrode than grafted stars even at very low salt concentration. It is found that at relatively low charge fraction of star chains, the addition of trivalent salt coions does not lead to charge overcompensation of the surface charges on the grafting electrode. The stretching of star brushes under an electric field in the presence of trivalent salt coions was also briefly investigated.     

微流控纸芯片在环境分析检测中的应用

近年来,微流控纸芯片由于低成本、便携化、检测快等优点,在需要快速检测的环境分析领域中展现出了巨大的应用前景.该综述从微流控纸芯片在环境分析中的应用角度,总结归纳了微流控纸芯片在环境分析中的最新研究进展,并展望了其在未来的发展趋势与挑战.论文内容引用150余篇源于科学引文索引(SCI)与中文核心期刊中的相关论文.该综述包...     

常见炸药的稳定同位素比值分析方法研究进展

炸药的深度比对与溯源对于爆炸案事件的侦破具有重大意义,以不同地域来源的原料或不同生产工艺生产的炸药,其组成元素的稳定同位素比值具有差异,因而稳定同位素比值可作为炸药深度比对与溯源的重要指标.稳定同位素比值质谱法(IRMS)作为一种高精度的稳定同位素比值测量手段,已逐渐发展成熟,与元素分析仪、气相色谱仪、液相色谱仪等仪器...