Comparative study of different application methods of 14C-Fosthiazate in tomato plants

A comparative study of different application methods of nematicide ¹⁴C-Fosthiazate was done for the uptake in tomato plants in two varieties Pusa Ruby and Pusa Early Dwarf. The application methods used for the research purpose are seed treatment, soil supplication and drip application in presence and absence of surfactant (Tween-80).It as found that percent absorption was the highest in the drip irrigation method in presence of surfactant. The percent uptake of ¹⁴C-Fosthiazate in two varieties of tomato plants was found to be higher in Pusa Early Dwarf in all the treatment methods.     

Photo-fenton degradation of phenol red catalyzed by inorganic additives: A technique for wastewater treatment

Oxidation by photo-Fenton like reaction is an economically feasible process for degradation of a variety of hazardous pollutants in wastewater from dyeing and printing industries. In present study, the progress of the reaction has been monitored spectrophotometrically. An effort has been made to observe the effect of various inorganic additives like sodium thiosulfate and potassium bromate. The effect of variation of different parameters such as pH, concentrations of dye, Fe³⁺ ion and additives, amount of H₂O₂, and light intensity on the rate of photodegradation was also observed. A tentative mechanism for the reaction has been proposed.     

Conductivity relaxation in Ag+ ion conducting PEO–PMMA–PEG polymer blends

In this paper, the electrical conductivity and relaxation studies in two different temperature regions (T?<?T _m and T?>?T _m) on plasticized PEO–PMMA blend polymer electrolyte system with AgNO₃ salt are reported. The polymer electrolyte system has been prepared by solution cast technique and characterized by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. The conduction and relaxation processes at various temperatures have been investigated in the framework of modulus formalism. The distribution of relaxation times is discussed using Argand plot. Variation in ionic conductivity of polymer blends is discussed with the increase of PEO as well as with temperature.     

Reactivity studies of carbon,phosphorus and sulfur‐based acyl sites with tertiary oximes in gemini surfactants

Kinetic studies of the reactions of tertiary oximes (monoisonitroso acetone; MINA and butane 2,3 dione monooxime; BDMO) with some carboxylate (p‐nitrophenyl acetate and p‐nitrophenyl benzoate), phosphate (p‐nitrophenyl diphenyl phosphate and bis (2,4‐dinitrophenyl) phosphate) and sulfonate (p‐nitrophenyl p‐toluene sulphonate) esters in gemini surfactants have been conducted. The observed first‐order rate constant versus surfactant profiles show micelle‐assisted bimolecular reactions involving interfacial ion exchange between bulk aqueous media and micellar pseudophase. Experimental results showed that MINA exhibited better nucleophilic activity towards ester cleavage than BDMO. Pseudophase model has been applied in order to determine micellar second‐order rate constants and binding constants. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Synthesis,Characterization and Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Cysteine and Valine Adducts of Sulphur Mustard

The synthetic standards for cysteine and valine adducts of sulphur mustard have been synthesized using 2-(2-chloroethylthio) ethanol (half-mustard). These adducts have been recognized as biomarkers for exposure to sulphur mustard. The adducts have been fully characterized using 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometric techniques.     

Synthesis of C-Disaccharides An Unusual Ring Closure Reaction

Abstract

Reaction of the 4-C-lithiomethyl intermediates, obtained from 4-deoxy-4-C-iodomethylglucopyranosides 5a,b, with open-chain glucose derivative 8 afforded 4-deoxy-4-C-heptitylglucopyranosides 9a,b. Mesylation of the newly generated hydroxy group and then desilylation gave 11a,b which were subjected to ring closure under basic conditions. Surprisingly, no C-bridged cellobiosides 12a,b (or, alternatively the corresponding maltosides) were obtained as major products; with loss of one benzyl alcohol residue the furanosides 13a,b were preferentially formed. Their generation and structural assignment is discussed.