气相色谱－三重四极杆质谱法测定动物源性食品中砜吡草唑残留量

建立了动物源性食品中砜吡草唑残留量的气相色谱－三重四极杆质谱检测方法。猪肉、猪肝、鸡肉、鸡肝、牛奶和鸡蛋中的砜吡草唑用乙腈提取,经乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷化硅胶、十八烷基键合硅胶和无水硫酸镁去除杂质,离心后取上清液氮吹至干,加入丙酮复溶、过滤后经气相色谱－三重四极杆质谱检测,外标法定量。通过对仪器条件、提取溶剂和净化方式等进行优化,确定最合适的前处理方法和仪器条件。对样品的基质效应进行考察,发现6种基质中砜吡草唑的基质效应均小于20%,为弱基质效应,无需采取补偿措施。在优化实验条件下,砜吡草唑在0.5 ~ 100 μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 5。空白样品在4个加标水平下的平均回收率为85.8% ~ 106%,相对标准偏差（n = 6）为3.1% ~ 6.8%,方法定量下限为0.001 mg/kg。采用该方法对50个动物源性食品进行测定,在1个牛肉样品和1个羊肉样品中检出砜吡草唑。该方法操作简单、灵敏度高、准确性好,适用于动物源性食品中砜吡草唑的检测,可为砜吡草唑在动物源性食品中的风险监控提供技术支撑。     

核壳结构NH2-UiO-66@TiO2的制备及其可见光下的甲苯降解性能研究

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are of significant interest for photocatalysis using visible light, but they are typically limited by the instability and high recombination ratio of photoexcited pairs. Integrating MOFs into an inorganic semiconductor is one of the most widespread methods to promote their activity. In this study, a core-shell structured MOF@TiO₂ (NH₂-UiO-66@TiO₂) was synthesized as an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of toluene. Pristine NH₂-UiO-66 was synthesized by a hydrothermal method as the core, which was then coated with an amorphous TiO₂ shell. Compared with pristine NH₂-UiO-66 and other samples prepared by the direct mixing of NH₂-UiO-66 and TiO₂, NH₂-UiO-66@TiO₂ exhibited a higher degradation rate of toluene. Using NH₂-UiO-66@TiO₂ as a catalyst, the degradation efficiency of toluene reached 76.7% within 3 h, which is 1.48 times higher than that of NH₂-UiO-66. The degradation performance was also stable in four repeated reuse experiments, and the slight deactivation was reactivated after washing with ethanol. A series of characterization methods were used to determine the physicochemical properties of NH₂-UiO-66@TiO₂, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Using the measured physicochemical properties, the photocatalytic mechanism of NH₂-UiO-66@TiO₂ was explored. NH₂-UiO-66 is an ideal photocatalyst, with visible-light response and a huge specific surface area (914.9 m²·g^-1), which is favorable for the utilization of sunlight as well as the absorption of pollutants in indoor air. In addition, a new interface formed between the two components (NH₂-UiO-66 and TiO₂), which efficiently broaden the light absorption area and enhanced the utilization of photogenerated species. The photogenerated holes and electrons could transfer through the interlayer as soon as they were formed. It is speculated that holes would transfer to the HOMO of NH₂-UiO-66, and then combine with H₂O molecules to form hydroxyl radicals (·OH). At the same time, more electrons tended to combine with oxygen molecules in the conduction band of TiO₂ rather than recombine with holes. Consequently, the recombination rate of electrons and holes decreased, while the quantity of oxygen radicals and hydroxyl radicals increased. Toluene was efficiently oxidized by these two types of radicals. Owing to the outstanding properties mentioned above, the strategy of constructing NH₂-UiO-66@TiO₂ is considered to be an effective approach. This work may provide new insights into the design of core-shell structured MOF@photocatalysts for the photocatalytic degradation of indoor air pollutants.      

MALDI方法研究蛋白质的非共价复合物

飞行时间质谱仪(TOFMS)在理论上无质量范围的限制,可实现大分子蛋白质与核酸的非共价复合物的直接检测.特别是在近中性溶液条件下通过对芥子酸和6-氮杂-2-硫代胸腺嘧啶基质的使用及双层样品制备方法的改善,获得了稳定复合物的高灵敏度质谱检测.肌红蛋白-血红素复合物能够在芥子酸基质的不同pH条件下(pH2.0或pH5.0)同时观察到.而运用双层样品制备方法,获得了核糖核酸酶复合物(RNaseS)在第一次激光照射下的突出质谱峰,但其丰度均随更多的激光打击而减弱.     

固体催化剂用于二元醇分子内环化制内酯的研究

将钌改性的固体催化剂Ru-Co(OH)₂-CeO₂用于以分子氧作为氧化剂的二元醇的催化氧化内酯化反应中, 发现该催化剂具有很好的催化反应性能. 该催化剂可优先氧化伯碳上的羟基. 对反应机理的研究表明, 活性中心钌首先与反应物形成醇化物, 经β-氧化消除反应使得其中一羟基氧化, 经异构环化、氧化进一步脱氢形成内酯.     

自然光下ZnO/共轭高分子复合微粒的催化性能

自然光下ZnO/共轭高分子复合微粒的催化性能;ZnO; 共轭高分子; 催化; 自然光     

Two Cyclic Peptides Produced by the Endophytic Fungus # 2221 from Castaniopsis fissa on the South China Sea Coast

New cyclic peptides 1 and 2 were isolated from the endophytic fungus #2221 from Castaniopsisfissa on the south China sea coast. By 2D NMR methods and chiral HPLC technique, their structures were elucidated as cyclo (L-Val-L-Leu-L-Val-L-Leu) and cyclo(L-Leu-L-Ala-L-Leu-L-Ala), respectively.     

顶空/气相色谱-质谱联用法测定食品接触材料中5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯的迁移量

建立了顶空/气相色谱-质谱联用(HS/GC-MS)测定食品接触材料中5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯(ENB)迁移量的方法,对前处理方法(溶剂提取-直接进样和气液平衡-顶空进样)、顶空平衡温度、顶空平衡时间进行了优化。以水、4%(体积分数)乙酸、50%(体积分数)乙醇和橄榄油作为食品模拟物,样品经食品模拟物浸泡,于顶空气液平衡后进样,经DB-5 MS色谱柱(30 m×0. 25 mm×0. 25μm)分离后,采用选择离子模式进行检测,外标法定量。在优化实验条件下,ENB在0. 1～10 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r)大于0. 999,在0. 1、1. 0、10 mg/L 3个加标水平下,方法的回收率为92. 0%～108%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)为0. 9%～4. 0%,检出限(LOD)为0. 01 mg/kg,定量下限(LOQ)为0. 03 mg/kg。该方法准确、可靠、灵敏度高,适用于食品接触材料中ENB迁移量的测定。     

席夫碱三核锌(II)配合物的晶体结构及荧光活性研究

以二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为溶剂成功合成了水杨醛缩水杨酰肼席夫碱/2-氨基吡啶/锌三元混配配合物晶体, 通过测定配合物的红外、元素分析和单晶衍射等物理性质, 确定该配合物是一种三核配合物. Ｘ射线衍射实验结果表明: 标题配合物晶体属于三斜晶系, 空间群为P1, Z＝1, 分子式为Zn₃(L1)₂(2-NH₂-py)₄•0.5DMF, a＝1.15359(9) nm, b＝1.92734(15) nm, c＝2.31772(19) nm, α＝78.290(2)°, β＝78.6930(10)°, γ＝88.1090(10)°, V＝4.9478(7) nm³, D_c＝1.498 g/cm³. F(000)＝2288, μ(Mo Kα)＝1.506 mm^－1, R＝0.0449, wR＝0.0787. 同时在DMF溶液中测定了该Schiff碱及其锌配合物的荧光活性.     

界面法合成聚糠醛纳米球

采用界面自组装聚合的方法, 成功地制备出聚糠醛纳米球, 利用TEM, FT-IR, XRD, GPC及TG-DTA等技术对其形貌、结构等进行了表征, 并考查了单体浓度、催化剂用量以及乳化剂的存在与否对聚糠醛形貌等的影响. 结果表明, 由该方法合成的聚糠醛为不规则的结晶结构, 当乳化剂浓度在临界胶束浓度cmc附近、单体浓度在3～5 mol•L^－1、催化剂的用量在10 mol•L^－1左右时, 能够得到成球性好、粒径分布范围窄、平均尺寸在100 nm左右的聚糠醛纳米球结构材料. 利用该法在上述优化条件下合成的聚糠醛的M_w＝2451, M_w/M_n＝1.14, 且分子量分布窄. 聚糠醛分子链的柔韧性较强, 具有很好的加工性能. 该法具有合成条件温和、易于控制、纯化简单等众多优点, 而且省去了使用模板/消除模板的过程, 能够一步合成出大量聚糠醛纳米球.     

QuEChERS前处理技术联合液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱法检测保健食品中24种违禁降血糖、降血压和降血脂药物

建立QuEChERS前处理技术联合液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间高分辨质谱(LC-Q-TOF-MS)测定保健食品中24种违禁降血糖、降血压和降血脂药物成分的分析方法。采用响应曲面设计实验优化了前处理萃取条件:乙腈与水体积比、硫酸镁与氯化钠用量和吸附剂C18用量。依据目标物的一级母离子的精确质量数、同位素丰度比、二级碎片离子的精确质量数和色谱保留时间等信息定性、定量地分析降血糖、降血压和降血脂违禁药物。结果显示,QuEChERS前处理技术与LC-Q-TOF-MS分析方法检测保健食品中违禁降血糖、降血压和降血脂药物的选择性好,检出限和定量限低,灵敏度高,线性关系良好(r²>0.997)。将该方法用于15个保健食品样品的检测,发现5个样品含有违禁药物。