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101.
We study the evolution of radiating and viscous fluid spheres assuming an additional homothetic symmetry on the spherically symmetric space-time. We match a very simple solution to the symmetry equations with the exterior one (Vaidya). We then obtain a system of two ordinary differential equations which rule the dynamics, and find a self-similar collapse which is shear-free and with a barotropic equation of state. Considering a huge set of initial self-similar dynamics states, we work out a model with an acceptable physical behavior. 相似文献
102.
The presented one-capacitor pinch driver, designed as a compact coaxial structure (including spark-gap and discharge section) consistent with the capacitor output, generates a current of 200 kA with 700 ns quarter-period, suitable for studying the optimization of Z-pinch radiative characteristics. The driver is described, measurements of its parameters summarized, and relations to our previous and future activities briefly reviewed.This work was supported in part by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic under contract No. 202/93/1023. 相似文献
103.
The equilibrium statistical volume distribution in foams, which has been previously demonstrated to be the so-called log-normal, is accounted on probability grounds by a scaling law on the bubble's volume time-evolution. This law states that the conditional probability for a given bubble to have the volume v(t + Δt), he assumption that it was v(t), to depend solely on the relationship v(t + Δt)/v(t), and in particular, to be independent of the time t. The theoretical results, however, allow to go further. Indeed, since the time dependece of its parameters (expectation and variance) are given functions of time, only two parameters are necessary to describe completely the foam. 相似文献
104.
Bosco García-Archilla 《Numerische Mathematik》1992,61(1):291-310
Summary A finite-difference method for the integration of the Korteweg-de Vries equation on irregular grids is analyzed. Under periodic boundary conditions, the method is shown to be supraconvergent in the sense that, though being inconsistent, it is second order convergent. However, such a convergence only takes place on grids with an odd number of points per period. When a grid with an even number of points is used, the inconsistency of the method leads to divergence. Numerical results backing the analysis are presented. 相似文献
105.
The sulphur K-edge x-ray absorption spectra of SO2 multilayer and of SO2 submonolayer adsorbed on Cu(100) are analysed. It is found that the dominant spectral features are of a molecular origin. The results support earlier findings that the SO2 molecule stands perpendicular to the surface. Use of non-selfconsistent potentials does not lead to a good quantitative agreement between theory and experiment. 相似文献
106.
E. Hernández L. Rodríguez-Marín 《Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications》2007,134(1):119-134
In this paper, we study optimization problems where the objective function and the binding constraints are set-valued maps
and the solutions are defined by means of set-relations among all the images sets (Kuroiwa, D. in Takahashi, W., Tanaka, T.
(eds.) Nonlinear analysis and convex analysis, pp. 221–228, 1999). We introduce a new dual problem, establish some duality theorems and obtain a Lagrangian multiplier rule of nonlinear type
under convexity assumptions. A necessary condition and a sufficient condition for the existence of saddle points are given.
The authors thank the two referees for valuable comments and suggestions on early versions of the paper. The research of the
first author was partially supported by Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (Spain) Project MTM2006-02629 and by Junta de Castilla
y León (Spain) Project VA027B06. 相似文献
107.
M. T. Viciosa J. Quiles Hoyo M. Dionísio J. L. Gómez Ribelles 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2007,90(2):407-414
Temperature modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC) is used to study the kinetics of the free radical isothermal polymerization of triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA). Azo-bis-isobutironitrile was used as initiator. The polymerization’s temperature is lower than the final glass transition temperature of the polymer network. The measurement of the average heat flow released and the heat capacity during the reaction allows identifying the different stages of the reaction. The presence of double peaks in the heat flow is ascribed to the autoacceleration. The influence of temperature, measuring conditions and oxygen are described. Vitrification is detected by the drop in heat capacity. It occurs at increasing conversion rates for increasing temperatures. After vitrification, the diffusion-controlled reaction continues. 相似文献
108.
T. Roubíček 《Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications》2007,132(1):41-50
Existence of a Nash equilibrium in a noncooperative game governed by the one-dimensional Burgers equation, proposed in the
case of pointwise controls in Ref. 1, is proved under data qualifications that guarantee the diffusion term in the Burgers’
equation to be dominant enough with respect to the uniform convexity of the payoffs.
This work was partly supported by Grants 201/03/0934 (GA čR) and MSM 0021620839 (MšMT čR). Inspiring discussions with Angel
M. Ramos are acknowledged. 相似文献
109.
I. Bretos J. Ricote R.J. Jiménez-Riobóo L. Pardo M.L. Calzada 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2007,89(4):967-973
A novel method to investigate the early formation stages of polycrystalline (Pb1-xCax)TiO3 (PCT) perovskite films by means of traditional Brillouin and micro-Brillouin spectroscopy (BS, mBS) is described in the present
work. The films were prepared by chemical solution deposition (CSD) onto oxidized (100)Si substrates and treated at temperatures
between 350–650 °C by rapid thermal processing (RTP). The elastic instability observed by Brillouin spectroscopy at the nano-structured
state of the PCT films was used here to determine their crystallization temperatures. Coexistence of different nanocrystalline
phases (e.g., pyrochlore, perovskite) in the films could also be detected by this technique. The reliability of these results
is demonstrated by complementary information obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning force microscopy (SFM). The
effects of the annealing temperature and of the Ca2+ content on the crystallization process of these films are also discussed.
PACS 78.35.+c; 77.84.-s; 61.82.Rx 相似文献
110.
Roberto D. Galvão Luis Gonzalo Acosta Espejo Brian Boffey 《Annals of Operations Research》2006,143(1):31-44
A study has been carried out aimed at reducing perinatal mortality in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro through a better
distribution of health care facilities. The algorithmic aspects are detailed elsewhere and here the emphasis is on practical
issues and difficulties encountered.
A 3-level hierarchical model was developed. Both uncapacitated and capacitated versions are briefly described together with
some results based on actual data. The project brought to light many contradictions between OR theory and practice in developing
countries and, unfortunately, the models developed were not implemented by the municipality health authorities. Possible reasons
for this outcome are analysed. 相似文献