全文获取类型
收费全文 | 762篇 |
免费 | 36篇 |
国内免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 624篇 |
晶体学 | 7篇 |
力学 | 9篇 |
数学 | 96篇 |
物理学 | 66篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 17篇 |
2021年 | 21篇 |
2020年 | 26篇 |
2019年 | 17篇 |
2018年 | 13篇 |
2017年 | 10篇 |
2016年 | 32篇 |
2015年 | 37篇 |
2014年 | 20篇 |
2013年 | 39篇 |
2012年 | 50篇 |
2011年 | 61篇 |
2010年 | 39篇 |
2009年 | 28篇 |
2008年 | 39篇 |
2007年 | 51篇 |
2006年 | 41篇 |
2005年 | 37篇 |
2004年 | 32篇 |
2003年 | 29篇 |
2002年 | 18篇 |
2001年 | 9篇 |
2000年 | 13篇 |
1999年 | 16篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1996年 | 10篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1923年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有802条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
81.
Mažeikienė R Niaura G Eicher-Lorka O Malinauskas A 《Journal of colloid and interface science》2011,357(1):189-197
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was used to probe the structure of adsorbed and electropolymerized Meldola blue (MB) films on roughened gold surfaces in solutions with pH 1.0 and 7.0 by using 785 nm excitation wavelength. Spectral bands were assigned based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations at B3LYP/6-311+G(2d, p) level. The most characteristic band of the oxidized MB form was found to be the breathing vibration of the central ring containing heteroatoms at 596 cm(-1). Based on a red shift of bands assigned to vibrations of double C=N(C(2)H(6)) bonds and adjacent ring C=C bonds in surface spectra as compared with solution 1 it was suggested that polymerization and interaction with an electrode surface proceed through these moieties. The presence of out-of-plane bands in SERS spectra was attributed to "flat" or slightly "tilted" orientation of aromatic rings at the interface. Potential-dependent spectral changes were followed by SERS spectroscopy. Raman spectra of the reduced MB form were obtained in both pH 1.0 and pH 7.0 solutions by analysis of the potential-difference SERS spectra. Reduced MB form can be recognized by characteristic bands near 1620, 1574, 1374, and 1234 cm(-1). By comparing the intensities of 1637 cm(-1) (oxidized MB form) and 1374 cm(-1) (reduced MB form) bands in experimental spectra of polymerized MB in pH 1.0 solution, a reduction-induced decrease by factor of 7 was estimated. A similar tendency in intensity changes showed calculations indicating that this effect is associated with reduction-induced changes in the molecular structure of the dye. 相似文献
82.
Santos CM Tria MC Vergara RA Ahmed F Advincula RC Rodrigues DF 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2011,47(31):8892-8894
The first report on the fabrication and application of a nanocomposite containing poly-N-vinyl carbazole (PVK) polymer and graphene oxide (GO) as an antimicrobial film was demonstrated. The antimicrobial film was 90% more effective in preventing bacterial colonization relative to the unmodified surface. More importantly, the nanocomposite thin film showed higher bacterial toxicity than pure GO-modified surface. 相似文献
83.
Fillipe V. Rocha Carolina V. Barra Silmar J. S. Franchi Adelino V. G. Netto Antonio E. Mauro Regina C. G. Frem 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2011,106(2):385-389
Four new mononuclear Pd(II) complexes of the type [PdX2(tdmPz)] {X = Cl− (1); Br− (2); I− (3); SCN− (4); tdmPz = 1-thiocarbamoyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazole} have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy,
1H and 13C{1H}-NMR experiments. The thermal behavior of the complexes 1–4 has been investigated by means of thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). From the initial decomposition
temperatures, the thermal stability of the complexes can be ordered in the sequence: 3 < 4 ≡ 2 < 1. The final products of the thermal decompositions were characterized as metallic palladium by X-ray powder diffraction. 相似文献
84.
One hundred consumers evaluated three types of set yoghurt made from: 100% pressure treated milk (PTM; 600 MPa for 15 min), 100% heat treated milk (HTM; 85 °C for 20 min) and a mixture containing 10% PTM and 90% HTM. There was no significant difference between appearance liking or texture liking of the three yoghurt types, though the texture score of PTM yoghurt and mixed milk yoghurt were both higher than HTM yoghurt. Creaminess score for PTM yoghurt was significantly higher than for HTM yoghurt; mixed milk yoghurt was significantly different from HTM yoghurt but not from PTM yoghurt. Concerning taste liking, PTM yoghurt scored significantly less than mixed milk yoghurt, with HTM yoghurt between these two. 57% of consumers preferred the HTM to PTM yoghurt, giving taste as their main criteria; those preferring PTM yoghurt based their choice on texture. Rheological assessments showed differences in gel structure, which justify consumer texture and creaminess choices. 相似文献
85.
Regina Kleine 《Results in Mathematics》1989,15(1-2):81-103
86.
We investigate the tail behavior of the sojourn-time distribution for a request of a given length in an M/G/1 Processor-Sharing
(PS) queue. An exponential asymptote is proven for general service times in two special cases: when the traffic load is sufficiently
high and when the request length is sufficiently small. Furthermore, using the branching process technique we derive exact
asymptotics of exponential type for the sojourn time in the M/M/1 queue. We obtain an equation for the asymptotic decay rate
and an exact expression for the asymptotic constant. The decay rate is studied in detail and is compared to other service
disciplines. Finally, using numerical methods, we investigate the accuracy of the exponential asymptote.
AMS 2000 Subject Classifications Primary:60K25,Secondary: 60F10,68M20,90B22 相似文献
87.
Semiempirical molecular orbital calculations for the porphyrins tetrakis(4-N-methyl pyridyl)porphine (H2TMpyP-4) and tetrakis(2-N-methyl pyridyl)porphine using the MNDO and AM -1 Hamiltonians suggest that twisting one or more of the pyridinium rings results, at considerable energy expense, in highly nonplanar macrocycle configurations as the exocyclic ring(s) approach coplanarity. The results imply that the mechanism of intercalation of H2TMpyP-4 into DNA cannot require twisting the exocyclic rings anywhere close to coplanarity with the central porphine core, but involves, instead, the inherent flexibility of DNA itself. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
88.
Summary The technical PCB mixtures Aroclor 1242, Aroclor 1254 and Aroclor 1260 have been analyzed by capillary gas chromatography using the new methyl n-octylpolysiloxane phase (SB-Octyl 50) with electron capture- and mass-selective detection. The selectivity of this new stationary phase in the separation of PCB is superior to that of the methyl-polysiloxanes. A pronounced separation according to the out-of-plane orientation of the PCB congeners is observed.
Kongeneren-spezifische Identifizierung der technischen PCB-Gemische durch HRGC/ECD und HRGC/MSD mit einer n-Octyl-methyl-silicon-Phase相似文献
89.
Regina Aragn 《Mathematical Logic Quarterly》1995,41(4):485-504
We consider the theory Thprin of Boolean algebras with a principal ideal, the theory Thmax of Boolean algebras with a maximal ideal, the theory Thac of atomic Boolean algebras with an ideal where the supremum of the ideal exists, and the theory Thsa of atomless Boolean algebras with an ideal where the supremum of the ideal exists. First, we find elementary invariants for Thprin and Thsa. If T is a theory in a first order language and α is a linear order with least element, then we let Sentalg(T) be the Lindenbaum-Tarski algebra with respect to T, and we let intalg(α) be the interval algebra of α. Using rank diagrams, we show that Sentalg(Thprin) ? intalg(ω4), Sentalg(Thmax) ? intalg(ω3) ? Sentalg(Thac), and Sentalg(Thsa) ? intalg(ω2 + ω2). For Thmax and Thac we use Ershov's elementary invariants of these theories. We also show that the algebra of formulas of the theory Tx of Boolean algebras with finitely many ideals is atomic. 相似文献
90.
Ana C.D. Midões Pedro E. Aranha Mirian P. dos Santos Érica Tozzo Sandra Romera Regina H. de A. Santos Edward R. Dockal 《Polyhedron》2008
The crystal structure, spectroscopic properties and catalytic property of the copper(II) complex, prepared by the reaction between copper(II) diacetate with the bidentate Schiff base, SalAHE (SalAHE = salicylaldehydeimine-1-hydroxyethane), are reported. This complex is able to oxidize 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol to the respective o-quinone. The oxidation reaction was studied in CH3CN with molecular oxygen at 0, 5, 15 and 25 °C. The progress of the catalytic reaction was followed by gas chromatographic analyses (GC). 相似文献