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61.
F.A. Mikailov E. Başaran E. Şentürk L. Tümbek T.G. Mammadov V.P. Aliev 《Phase Transitions》2013,86(12):1057-1064
The results of measurements of the dielectric constant of TlGaSe2 in temperature range of successive phase transitions are presented. An anomaly in the temperature dependence of the real part of dielectric constant in TlGaSe2 has been observed at about 242?K in addition to anomalies at 115, 108, and also near 65?K as reported in previous publications. The presence of temperature hysteresis effects in temperature interval between 115 and 242?K allowed making a conclusion about possible existence of an incommensurate phase in the mentioned temperature range. A model of succession of the structural phase transitions in TlGaSe2 has been suggested. 相似文献
62.
Convolutional neural networks utilize a hierarchy of neural network layers. The statistical aspects of information concentration in successive layers can bring an insight into the feature abstraction process. We analyze the saliency maps of these layers from the perspective of semiotics, also known as the study of signs and sign-using behavior. In computational semiotics, this aggregation operation (known as superization) is accompanied by a decrease of spatial entropy: signs are aggregated into supersign. Using spatial entropy, we compute the information content of the saliency maps and study the superization processes which take place between successive layers of the network. In our experiments, we visualize the superization process and show how the obtained knowledge can be used to explain the neural decision model. In addition, we attempt to optimize the architecture of the neural model employing a semiotic greedy technique. To the extent of our knowledge, this is the first application of computational semiotics in the analysis and interpretation of deep neural networks. 相似文献
63.
64.
Ayşegül Doğan Selami Demirci Ali Özhan Aytekin Fikrettin Şahin 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2014,174(1):28-42
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, industrial yeast isolate, has been of great interest in recent years for fuel ethanol production. The ethanol yield and productivity depend on many inhibitory factors during the fermentation process such as temperature, ethanol, compounds released as the result of pretreatment procedures, and osmotic stress. An ideal strain should be able to grow under different stress conditions occurred at different fermentation steps. Development of tolerant yeast strains can be achieved by reprogramming pathways supporting the ethanol metabolism by regulating the energy balance and detoxicification processes. Complex gene interactions should be solved for an in-depth comprehension of the yeast stress tolerance mechanism. Genetic engineering as a powerful biotechnological tool is required to design new strategies for increasing the ethanol fermentation performance. Upregulation of stress tolerance genes by recombinant DNA technology can be a useful approach to overcome inhibitory situations. This review presents the application of several genetic engineering strategies to increase ethanol yield under different stress conditions including inhibitor tolerance, ethanol tolerance, thermotolerance, and osmotolerance. 相似文献
65.
Eymen Akşener Aysel Kantürk Figen Sabriye Pişkin 《Research on Chemical Intermediates》2014,40(5):2103-2117
In this study, the synthesis of barium metaborate powder (BaB2O4) was carried out by ultrasound-assisted precipitation using different borate solutions. Different solutions such as borax (Na2B4O7, BD), boric acid (H3BO3, BA), and sodium metaborate (NaBO2, SMB) were used in the synthesis and an ultrasonic immersion horn probe was used as the major source of ultrasound. The effect of reaction temperature and time, pH, and crystallization time on the BaB2O4 yield (%) was investigated. The ultrasound-assisted synthesis up to 90 % yield could be achieved using a 0.2 M BD solution at 80 °C, reacting for 5 min at pH 13 followed by 2 h of crystallization. Following crystallization, the obtained powder was heated up to 140, 250, 650, and 750 °C for 2.5 h, and it was shown that β-BaB2O4 nanometric powders were obtained after the 750 °C heat treatment. 相似文献
66.
Gniewomir Latacz Kinga Saat Anna Furgaa-Wojas Adrian Martyniak Agnieszka Olejarz-Maciej Ewelina Honkisz-Orzechowska Ewa Szymaska 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(3)
Trying to meet the multitarget-directed ligands strategy, a series of previously described aryl-substituted phenylalanine derivatives, reported as competitive antagonists of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors, were screened in vitro for their free-radical scavenging and antioxidant capacity in two different assays: ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity fluorescent (ORAC-FL) assays. The most active antioxidants 1 and 8 were further examined to evaluate their neuroprotective properties in vitro. In this study, compound 1 showed a significant neuroprotective effect against the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y and IMR-32 cell lines. Both compounds also showed prevention from high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, the desired monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibition effect (IC50 = 278 ± 29 nM) for 1 was determined. No toxic effects up to 100 µM of 1 and 8 against neuroblastoma cells were observed. Furthermore, in vivo studies showed that compound 1 demonstrated significant anticonvulsant potential in 6-Hz test, but in neuropathic pain models its antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic properties were not observed. Concluding, the compound 1 seems to be of higher importance as a new phenylalanine-based lead candidate due to its confirmed promise in in vitro and in vivo anticonvulsant activity. 相似文献
67.
An investigation into the rapid detection of mycotoxin-producing fungi on corn by two mid-infrared spectroscopic techniques was undertaken. Corn samples from a single genotype (RWA2, blanks, and contaminated with Fusarium graminearum) were ground, sieved and, after appropriate sample preparation, subjected to mid-infrared spectroscopy using two different accessories (diffuse reflection and attenuated total reflection). The measured spectra were evaluated with principal component analysis (PCA) and the blank and contaminated samples were classified by cluster analysis. Reference data for fungal metabolites were obtained with conventional methods. After extraction and clean-up, each sample was analyzed for the toxin deoxynivalenol (DON) by gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC-ECD) and ergosterol (a parameter for the total fungal biomass) by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). The concentration ranges for contaminated samples were 880–3600 g/kg for ergosterol and 300–2600 g/kg for DON. Classification efficiency was 100% for ATR spectra. DR spectra did not show as obvious a clustering of contaminated and blank samples. Results and trends were also observed in single spectra plots. Quantification using a PLS1 regression algorithm showed good correlation with DON reference data, but a rather high standard error of prediction (SEP) with 600 g/kg (DR) and 490 g/kg (ATR), respectively, for ergosterol. Comparing measurement procedures and results showed advantages for the ATR technique, mainly owing to its ease of use and the easier interpretation of results that were better with respect to classification and quantification. 相似文献
68.
Walter?Oelert Magnus?Wolke Pawe??Moskal COSY- collaboration at COSY-Jülich 《Czechoslovak Journal of Physics》2000,50(4):69-90
During the actual lectures, features of the COSY-Jülich accelerator were presented, followed by a short summary of ongoing experiments at the COoler SYnchrotron COSY using internal as well as external beams in the range of 45 MeV to 2.5 GeV. Here the research of the COSY-11 collaboration is presented. This °0 facility studies the hidden and open strangeness production observing the ν and η′ as well the K+Y and K+K? production in the proton—proton interactions at the respective thresholds. 相似文献
69.
Some algebraic properties of the renormalization-group (RNG) are studied using the nonlinear semi-group theory. The RNG is defined in an axiomatic manner as a bounded nonlinear semi-group on an abstract Banach space. Perturbations of the fixed point of RNG and the problem of marginality are investigated using a hierarchy of nonlinear semi-groups. 相似文献
70.
Structural Chemistry - Metal carbonyl complexes, which have been known as effective catalysts since early days, find use in many fields both directly and indirectly. Although the use of metal... 相似文献