Degeneracy Subgraph of the Lemke Complementary Pivot Algorithm and Anticycling Rule

In this paper, we use the theory of degeneracy graphs recently developed by Gal et al. to introduce a graph for studying the adjacency of almost complementary feasible bases, some of which may be degenerate, which are of interest in the context of the linear complementarity problem. We study the structure of this graph with particular reference to the possibility of cycling and various anticycling rules in the Lemke complementary pivoting algorithm. We consider the transition node pivot rule introduced by Geue and show that this rule helps in avoiding cycling in the Lemke complementary pivoting algorithm under a suitable assumption.     

Physical properties of LiMn2O4 spinel prepared at moderate temperature

A moderate-temperature method of preparation of the spinel LiMn₂O₄ was developed around 500 °C. Physical features of the products were identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, Raman scattering and FTIR spectroscopy. The electronic conductivity of LiMn₂O₄ has been studied as a function of annealing temperature. The product LiMn₂O₄ is identified as a micron-sized powder and analysis of the local environment is in good accordance with the classical structural model of Fd3m space group. LiMn₂O₄ exhibits an electrical conductivity of 1.9×10⁻⁵ S/cm at room temperature with an activation energy of 0.16 eV which corresponds to an electron hopping mechanism between the two charge states of Mn³⁺ and Mn⁴⁺ ions. A first-order phase transition is observed at 292 K.     

Surface wave propagation in a liquid-saturated porous solid layer lying over a heterogeneous elastic solid half-space

Dispersion equation is derived for the propagation of Rayleigh type surface waves in a liquid saturated porous solid layer lying over an inhomogeneous elastic solid half-space. Effect of heterogeneity on the phase velocity is studied by taking different numerical values of heterogeneity factor for particular models. Dispersion curves have been drawn showing the effect of heterogeneity on the phase velocity.     

黏性流体与热弹性微极蜂窝结构介质界面上受倾斜荷载作用时的弹性动力分析

研究倾斜荷载作用在黏性流体与热弹性微极蜂窝结构固体界面上时,荷载倾斜角的影响.假设倾斜荷载是法向荷载和切向荷载的线性组合.为求解该问题,对时间变量进行Laplace变换,对空间变量进行Fourier变换.通过引入势函数,获得了变换域中应力、温度分布和压力的表达式.利用数值逆变换技术,求得问题的物理解.同时,得到了频域中的表达式,以及变量适当变化时稳态情况下的表达式.用图形显示不同荷载源和荷载倾角变化时的响应.并且讨论了一些特殊情况.     

Cavitation--a novel technique for making stable nano-suspensions

The purpose of the present study was to obtain nano-scale particles of styrene butadiene rubber. As SBR particles are elastic in nature, conventional methods of size reductions such as impacting, grinding are unable to achieve the final size. So, attempts have been made here to make the nano-particles of the SBR using cavitation technique. Both acoustic and hydrodynamic cavitation techniques have been employed and studied. Hydrodynamic cavitation has been proved to be more energy efficient than the acoustic cavitation on the basis of various parameters. The maximum production rate equivalent to 2 kg/h (solid processing) has been achieved in the newly developed hydrodynamic cavitation set-up (made in house). Similar to transient cavitation, stable cavitation has also been shown to contribute for reduction in the size of the material with very low variation in size. This technique has been proved successful for the size-reduction of the elastic material to nano-scale, thus it may also be used for the size-reduction of the other brittle and hard material by adjusting various cavitational parameters.     

In vitro evaluation of antiproliferative effect of ethyl gallate against human oral squamous carcinoma cell line KB

Although some polyphenols are known to possess anticancer activity against different cancer cell lines through induction of apoptosis, the mode of antiproliferative effect of ethyl gallate against human oral squamous carcinoma cell line KB was not studied until now. Therefore, the antiproliferative effect of ethyl gallate was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay in comparison with the reference drug paclitaxel. Generation of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential loss, DNA damage and apoptosis were determined using 2,7-diacetyldichlorofluorescein fluorescence, uptake of rhodamine-123 by mitochondria, comet assay and acridine orange/ethidium bromide dual-dye staining method. Both ethyl gallate and paclitaxel exhibited cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. The 50% inhibitory concentration for ethyl gallate was 30 and 20 μg/mL for paclitaxel. A volume of 50 μg/mL of ethyl gallate was found to be significantly effective (P < 0.05) in controlling the cancer cell proliferation leading to acute apoptosis.