Determination of seven plant nutritional elements in potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer from northeastern China

Contents of seven plant nutritional elements in potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer were determined by ICP-MS. Correlation coefficients of the detected elements changed between 0.9631 and 0.9999, the limits of detection range from 0.18 to 0.77 μg/L, and relative standard deviations range from 1.17% to 3.82% for all the elements, ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry) is a good method to determine plant nutritional elements simultaneously. Data showed that brand 1 is a real KH₂PO₄ fertilizer, but P and K concentrations are obviously lower than the labeled value; another brand contained little KH₂PO₄, so this fertilizer is a false fertilizer. We can know that KH₂PO₄ fertilizers contain some other plant nutritional elements, such as B, Si and Zn, so KH₂PO₄ fertilizers not only provide K and P but also some trace elements.     

Surface modification of TA2 pure titanium by low energy high current pulsed electron beam treatments

Surface integrity changes of TA2 pure titanium including surface topography, microstructure and nanohardness distribution along surface layer were investigated by different techniques of low energy high current pulsed electron beam treatments (LEHCPEBTs). The surface topography was characterized by SEM. Moreover, the TEM observation and X-ray diffraction analysis were performed to reveal the surface modification mechanism of TA2 pure titanium by LEHCPEBTs. The surface roughness was modified by electron beam treatment and the polishing mechanism was analyzed by studying the cross section microstructure of electron beam treated specimens by SEM and TEM. The results show that the surface finish obtains good polishing quality and there is no phase transformation but the dislocations by LEHCPEBT. Furthermore, the nanohardness in the surface modified layer is improved. The remelt and fine-grain microstructure of surface layer caused by LEHCPEBTs are the main polishing mechanism and the reason of modification of surface topography and the increment in nanohardness is mainly due to the dislocations and fine grains in the modified layer induced by LEHCPEBT.     

铵态氮肥和尿素中植物营养元素含量比较分析

应用ICP-MS研究了(NH4)2SO4和CO(NH2)2肥料中植物营养元素的含量,以期为今后的氮肥肥效试验和农业生产提供基础数据.结果表明,(NH4)2SO4和CO(NH2)2肥料中含有多种植物必需元素,包括Mg,P,K,Ca,Mn,Ni,Cu,zn和Mo,含量达到μg·g-1级的有Mg,P,K,Ca,Mn和Fe;含量为ng·g-1级的有Ni,Cu,Zn和Mo,除了Mo以外,(NH4)2SO4中的其他元素的含量均显著高于尿素.(NH4)2SO4和CO(NH2)2肥料中有益元素有Na,Al,Si,Co和Se,其中Al和Co的含量(NH4)2 SO4显著高于CO(NH2)2; Si的含量CO(NH2)2显著高于(NH4)2SO4尿素未检测到Se和Fe.由于上述元素对于植物的生长发育有明显影响,所以在研究不同形态肥料差异和氮肥肥效时,应当全面分析影响因素.建议在做氮肥肥效试验时选择纯度高、杂质元素含量少的单一化合物肥料.     

HPLC-UV对人组织激态释放酶的测定方法研究

HPLC-UV结合的方法是一种灵敏度高、分辨率高的分离检测方法。本文利用HPLC-UV测定了人组织激肽释放酶的最大吸收波长,结果表明人组织激肽释放酶在200nm具有最大紫外吸收;并对昆虫细胞培养液中的人组织激肽释放酶进行定性检测,具有灵敏度高,所用的分析时间短等特点。     

一种火炸药瞬态光谱测试的精确定位

介绍一种火炸药在瞬态光辐射参测量中的精确定位以及绝对光谱亮度参数的数据处理。     

巧用声光控开关演示光敏电阻特性

利用声光控延时开关设计了演示光敏电阻特性并测量光敏电阻阻值的实验,增强了学生对光敏电阻的认识.     

同步辐射XRF法分析温室油菜中微量元素的分布

蔬菜是补充人体微量元素的重要途径,但是蔬菜不同部位、特别是温室蔬菜不同部位各种元素的分配目前还没有研究清楚。利用同步辐射XRF法测定了温室油菜中各种微量元素中的分配情况。研究结果表明温室油菜中含有许多人体必需的微量元素,特别是Ca,Mn,Fe,Cu和Zn;但是不同的元素在叶片和根系的不同部位含量有所差异,总体上油菜根系中K,Ca和Mg的含量显著高于叶片,叶片中Fe,Zn,Co,Ni和Cu的含量则高于根系,其中侧根中的各种元素含量均很低。K,Ca和Co在叶片中间位置含量较高,由边缘向中部含量逐渐增加;Cu,Mn,Fe和Ni含量由叶片基部到叶尖处含量逐渐增高;Zn总体含量也比较均匀。在主根中各种元素普遍表现为根基部向根尖呈现先上升再降低的规律,根系中间部位各元素含量高,且普遍表现为根基部的含量要高于根尖处的含量。     

小波神经网络-遗传算法用于2-(9-咔唑)乙基氯甲酸酯衍生化氨基酸的胶束电动力学色谱分离优化

将小波神经网络和遗传算法应用到2-(9-咔唑)-乙基氯甲酸酯衍生化氨基酸的胶束电动力学色谱分离优化。小波神经网络结合正交试验设计用于分离过程的多因素模型建立。以训练好的小波神经网络模型为目标函数,采用实数编码的遗传算法搜寻确定最佳分离条件,在此条件下分离得到的归一化分离度积与正交试验设计中最佳条件相比,提高了12．5％。     

超临界流体色谱在生物工程中应用的新进展

超临界流体色谱（SFC）是高效液相色谱（HPLC）和气相色谱（GC）的重要补充技术。用SFC可以分离多数不能用GC分离的低挥发性物质。与传统的HPLC相比，SFC的分离速度更快、效率更高。本文综述了SFC在生物分子分离分析方面应用的新进展。引用文献74篇。     

狭长缺口根部萌生的小裂纹扩展分析

根据伴随着小裂纹延展过程中不同力学参数相互作用的分析研究基础之上,我们就疲劳小裂纹的扩展特性进行了分析,根据不扩展裂纹性质对小裂纹的长度范围进行了讨论,探讨了狭长缺口根部萌生的小裂纹扩展速率, 并研究了不扩展裂纹形成机理,推演出不扩展裂纹长度计算方法,发展出一种预测小裂纹扩展行为的方法,借助这种方法可以实现裂纹萌生寿命的预测,与疲劳设计相结合可以进一步提高构件安全性与可靠性．不扩展小裂纹的长度可以通过计算定量得到,它与材料的疲劳极限、裂纹门槛值及缺口尺寸等参数紧密相关．以理论数据为依据,可以设计出针对一定材料及尺寸的试样,使其在一定荷载条件下不扩展裂纹长度达到宏观可观测的范围,进而降低小裂纹测量方面的技术难度,进一步验证不扩张裂纹形成机理．