Mikromethode zur Bestimmung von Calcium, Magnesium, Carbonat und Phosphat in biologischem Material

Ohne Zusammenfassung

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Determination of calcium, magnesium, carbonate, and phosphate in biological materials

     

Double-resonance <Emphasis Type="Italic">g</Emphasis>-factor measurements by quantum jump spectroscopy

With the advent of high-precision frequency combs that can bridge large frequency intervals, new possibilities have opened up for the laser spectroscopy of atomic transitions. Here, it is shown that laser spectroscopic techniques can also be used to determine the ground-state g factor of a bound electron. The proposal is based on a double-resonance experiment, where the spin state of a ground-state electron is constantly being read out by laser excitation to the atomic L shell, while the spin flip transitions are being induced simultaneously by a resonant microwave field, leading to the detection of the quantum jumps between the ground-state Zeeman sublevels. The magnetic moments of electrons in light hydrogen-like ions could thus be measured with advanced laser technology. Corresponding theoretical predictions are also presented. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

Extreme-field physics in Penning traps

We present two Penning trap experiments concerned with different aspects of the physics of extreme electromagnetic fields, the ARTEMIS experiment designed for bound-electron magnetic moment measurements in the presence of the extremely strong fields close to the nucleus of highly charged ions, and the HILITE experiment, in which well-defined ion targets are to be subjected to high-intensity laser fields.     

Photo-induced electron emission from 17beta-estradiol and progesterone and possible biological consequences

It was established for the first time, that the sexual hormones 17beta-estradiol (17betaE2) and progesterone (PRG) are able to emit electrons from their excited single state in water-ethanol mixtures. The yield of the "solvated electrons" (e(s)(-)) depends on the substrate concentration, the ratio of water-alcohol-mixtures and the temperature. The e(s)(-) yield obtained from 17betaE2 is by two orders of magnitude higher than this of PRG. The possible relationship of the resulting hormone transients from 17betaE2 leading via specific metabolites to breast cancer is discussed.     

怀菊花中微量铁的测定

为探讨邻二氮菲分光光度法测定怀菊花中微量元素铁含量的可行性,怀菊花的药理功效、食用营养价值与微量元素含量可能存在的关系,根据铁离子与特定显色剂显色产生可见吸收,采用混合酸y（HNO3）：V（HClO4）=4＋1对怀菊花样品湿法消化处理,在pH2～9的溶液中试剂与铁生成稳定的橙色络合物,并用分光光度法测定了怀菊花中微量元素铁含量。结果表明,所选的怀菊花中铁含量303．9～337．9μg／g,加标回收率为90．2％～100．6％。分光光度法操作简便、干扰离子少,测量快速、结果准确度和灵敏度高,易推广和 普及使用。     

Determination of enzyme activity inhibition by FTIR spectroscopy on the example of fructose bisphosphatase

A mid-infrared enzymatic assay for label-free monitoring of the enzymatic reaction of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase with fructose 1,6-bisphosphate has been proposed. The whole procedure was done in an automated way operating in the stopped flow mode by incorporating a temperature-controlled flow cell in a sequential injection manifold. Fourier transform infrared difference spectra were evaluated for kinetic parameters, like the Michaelis–Menten constant (K _M) of the enzyme and V _max of the reaction. The obtained K _M of the reaction was 14 ± 3 g L⁻¹ (41 μM). Furthermore, inhibition by adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP) was evaluated, and the K _M^App value was determined to be 12 ± 2 g L⁻¹ (35 μM) for 7.5 and 15 μM AMP, respectively, with V _max decreasing from 0.1 ± 0.03 to 0.05 ± 0.01 g L⁻¹ min⁻¹. Therefore, AMP exerted a non-competitive inhibition.     

Harmonic analysis on the Pascal graph

In this paper, we completely determine the spectral invariants of an auto-similar planar 3-regular graph. Using the same methods, we study the spectral invariants of a natural compactification of this graph.     

关于强Armendariz环和强拟Armendariz环

提出了强拟Armendariz环的概念,给出了强Armendariz环和强拟Armendariz环上的一些结果.     

Automated sample preparation and analysis using a sequential-injection-capillary electrophoresis (SI-CE) interface

A fully automated sequential-injection-capillary electrophoresis (SI-CE) system was developed using commercially available components as the syringe pump, the selection and injection valves and the high voltage power supply. The interface connecting the SI with the CE unit consisted of two T-pieces, where the capillary was inserted in one T-piece and a Pt electrode in the other (grounded) T-piece. By pressurising the whole system using a syringe pump, hydrodynamic injection was feasible. For characterisation, the system was applied to a mixture of adenosine and adenosine monophosphate at different concentrations. The calibration curve obtained gave a detection limit of 0.5 microg g(-1) (correlation coefficient of 0.997). The reproducibility of the injection was also assessed, resulting in a RSD value (5 injections) of 5.4%. The total time of analysis, from injection, conditioning and separation to cleaning the capillary again was 15 minutes. In another application, employing the full power of the automated SIA-CE system, myoglobin was mixed directly using the flow system with different concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), a known denaturing agent. The different conformations obtained in this way were analysed with the CE system and a distinct shift in migration time and decreasing of the native peak of myoglobin (Mb) could be observed. The protein samples prepared were also analysed with off-line infrared spectroscopy (IR), confirming these results.