Electrical and Thermal Transport Properties of n-type Bi6Cu2Se4O6 (2BiCuSeO + 2Bi2O2Se)

New thermoelectric materials, n-type Bi₆Cu₂Se₄O₆ oxyselenides, composed of well-known BiCuSeO and Bi₂O₂Se oxyselenides, are synthesized with a simple solid-state reaction. Electrical transport properties, microstructures, and elastic properties are investigated with an emphasis on thermal transport properties. Similar to Bi₂O₂Se, it is found that the halogen-doped Bi₆Cu₂Se₄O₆ possesses n-type conducting transports, which can be improved via Br/Cl doping. Compared with BiCuSeO and Bi₂O₂Se, an extremely low thermal conductivity can be observed in Bi₆Cu₂Se₄O₆. To reveal the origin of low thermal conductivity, elastic properties, sound velocity, Grüneisen parameter, and Debye temperature are evaluated. Importantly, the calculated phonon mean free path of Bi₆Cu₂Se₄O₆ is comparable to the interlayer distance for BiO─CuSe and BiO─Se layers, which is ascribed to the strong interlayer phonon scattering. Contributing from the outstanding low thermal conductivity and improved electrical transport properties, the maximum ZT ≈0.15 at 823 K and ≈0.11 at 873K are realized in n-type Bi₆Cu₂Se_3.2Br_0.8O₆ and Bi₆Cu₂Se_3.6Cl_0.4O₆, respectively, indicating the promising thermoelectric performance in n-type Bi₆Cu₂Se₄O₆ oxyselenides.     

角分辨光电子能谱光束线1200line/mm光栅研制

国家同步辐射实验室新建了覆盖5～40 eV的低能区高分辨率角分辨光电子能谱光束线.其球面光栅单色仪包含了三块光栅,即300,600和1200 line/mm球面层式(Laminar)光栅.采用全息离子束刻蚀工艺,在硅光栅基片上成功地刻蚀出1200 line/mm、占空比0.35、槽深35 nm、有效刻划面积大于120 ...     

Intravascular 3.0 T MRI Using an Imaging-Guidewire: a Feasibility Study in Swine

This study was to validate the feasibility of using a magnetic resonance imaging-guidewire (MRIG) for intravascular 3.0 T MR imaging of deep-seated arterial walls of large animals. The functionality of a 0.032-in. MRIG was evaluated and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was calculated. Then, MRI of ten iliofemoral arteries of six pigs was acquired by MRIG and surface coil. The difference in the SNRs of the arterial walls between different coils was compared. Histology examined the potential thermal injuries of the imaged vessels. The MRIG functioned with the 3.0 T MR scanner. The average SNR of the arterial walls was significantly higher with the MRIG than with the surface coils (76.22 ± 34.76 vs. 12.63 ± 4.25, P < 0.01). Histology showed no evidence of thermal injuries at the vessel walls. This study validated the feasibility of generating intravascular 3.0 T MRI of deep-seated arterial walls in large animals, which should facilitate the translation of this technique from 1.5 to 3.0 T MR scanner.     

Temperature or strain induced adjustable-chirp characteristics of uniform fibre grating with tapered metal coating

Temperature and strain characteristics of uniform fibre grating with tapered metal coatings have been analysed theoretically, by which adjustable chirp characteristics of such gratings are shown. Electroplating is adopted to fabricate such gratings, and the tapered metal coating is obtained by gradually drawing the fibre grating out of the solution during the process of electroplating. The gradually changing cross-sectional area of the metal coating is calculated by a newly suggested numerical method. By combining the theoretical and numerical simulation analyses, the gratings' characteristics are given at various temperatures and strains. The results obtained using such a method are also testified by experiments.     

Composition-controlled exchange bias training effect in FeCr/IrMn bilayers

For FeCr/IrMn bilayers, the exchange bias training effect and the magnetization reversal mechanism are correlated to each other and depend on the composition of the ferromagnetic layer. For high Fe contents, the asymmetric magnetization reversal is observed. During the training effect, both exchange field and coercivity decrease monotonically, suggesting a type I training effect. For low Fe contents, the domain wall depinning takes place for the two hysteresis loop branches. Only exchange field diminution happens in the training effect. The coercivity almost does not change in the process, corresponding to a type II training effect. It is suggested that the motion of antiferromagnetic spins is modified by the magnetization reversal mechanism in the ferromagnetic layer.     

Time-dependent density functional theory study on electronic excited states of the hydrogen-bonded solute-solvent phenol-(H2O)n (n=3-5) clusters

The solute-solvent interactions of hydrogen-bonded phenol-(H₂O)_n (n=3-5) clusters in electronic excited states were investigated by means of the time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) method. The geometric structures and IR spectra in ground state, S₁ state, and T₁ state of the clusters, were calculated using the density functional theory (DFT) and TDDFT methods. Only the ring form isomer, the most stable one of the cluster, was considered in this study. Four, five and six intermolecular hydrogen bonds were formed in phenol-(H₂O)₃, phenol-(H₂O)₄, and phenol-(H₂O)₅ clusters, respectively. Based on the analysis of IR spectra, it is revealed that the “window region” between unshifted and shifted absorption bands in both S₁ and T₁ state becomes broader compared with that in ground state for the corresponding clusters. Furthermore, two interesting phenomenon were observed: (1) with the anticlockwise order of the ring formed by the intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the H-bonded phenol-(H₂O)_n (n=3-5) clusters, the strengths of the intermolecular hydrogen bonds decrease in all the S₀, S₁ and T₁ states; (2) upon electronic excitation, the smaller the distance between phenol and water is, the larger the change of intermolecular hydrogen bonds strength is. Moreover, the intermolecular hydrogen bond (phenolic OH is the H donor) is strengthened in excited state compared with that in ground state. But the intermolecular hydrogen bond (phenolic OH is the H acceptor) is weakened in excited state.     

Film thickness dependence of electro-optic effect in epitaxial BaTiO3 thin films

Based on the phenomenological Landau-Devonshire theory, we investigate the film thickness dependence of ferroelectric and electro-optic properties of epitaxial BaTiO₃ thin films grown on SrTiO₃ and MgO substrates. By using the effective substrate lattice parameter concept, the film thickness dependence of misfit strain is incorporated into the theory. Therefore, the film thickness dependence of ferroelectric and electro-optic properties in epitaxial BaTiO₃ thin films can be explained. Moreover, a large quadratic electro-optic effect was obtained in the BaTiO₃ thin films, which is in good agreement with the experimental result of BaTiO₃ thin films on the MgO substrate.     

T1u×hg Jahn-Teller系统：D3d势阱中的频率分解与能级分裂

在C60分子中，未被填充的最低电子态具有T1u对称性，因此，对中性的C60而言，不论是通过分子内部激发，或是外部掺杂，都易被一个电子占据而形成Jahn-Teller（JT）活跃电子态.此态与五重简并的hg声子态耦合，构成所谓的T1u-hg -JT系统.在这一JT系统中，当只考虑电声的线性耦合时，其绝热势能面是一个槽形.但在实际的系统中，二阶电声耦合是存在的，理论研究表明，原来的势槽将被这二阶非线性耦合弯曲成D3d或D5d对称性的势阱.声子振动态在阱中将显示各向异性效应，使得声子沿不同的方向有不同的振动频率，进而影响势阱中的能级分布、势阱间的重叠积分，以及整个系统的隧道能级分裂等.对D3d势阱中各向异性效应进行了研究，利用幺正平移、?pik Pryce和标度变换等方法计算了系统势阱中的能级，以及阱中的振动频率，研究了势阱中的能级间隔以及微绕修正能量的变化，并由此导出了这些物理量在仅有线性耦合的势槽中变化的情形. 关键词： C60 Jahn-Teller效应 各向异性 电声耦合     

Enhancing teleportation fidelity by means of weak measurements or reversal

The enhancement of teleportation fidelity by weak measurement or quantum measurement reversal is investigated. One qubit of a maximally entangled state undergoes the amplitude damping, and the subsequent application of weak measurement or quantum measurement reversal could improve the teleportation fidelity beyond the classical region. The improvement could not be attributed to the increasing of entanglement, quantum discord, classical correlation or total correlation. We declare that it should be owed to the probabilistic nature of the method.