空间波函数的对称性对氦原子双光子双电离过程中电子关联的影响

通过数值求解含时薛定谔方程,研究了氦原子具有对称空间波函数的1s2s 1S态和具有反对称空间波函数的1s2s 3S态分别作为初态的双光子双电离过程. 结果表明,对于初态为单重态1s2s 1S的双光子双电离过程,两个电离电子的能量分布随激光脉冲持续时间的增加呈现由单峰到双峰的变化,这里的单峰和双峰分别意味着两个电离电子主要携带相等和不等的能量;然而对于初态为三重态1s2s 3S的双光子双电离过程,两个电离电子的能量分布随激光脉冲持续时间的增加总是保持双峰结构. 这些结果表明当原子的初态处于反对称空间波函数时,两电子的空间密度分布具有较少的重叠,从而导致电子在超短激光脉冲中电离时电子关联能无法平均分配.     

Configuration of the valence neutrons of 17B

The reaction cross section of ~(17)B on ~(12)C target at(43.7±2.4)MeV/u has been measured at the Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou(RIBLL).The root-mean-square matter radius(R_(rms))was deduced to be(2.92±0.10)fm,while the R_(rms)of the core and the valence neutron distribution are 2.28 fm and 5.98 fm respectively.Assuming a"core plus 2n"structure in ~(17)B,the mixed configuration of(2s_(1/2))and(1d_(1/2))of the valence neutrons is studied and the s-wave spectroscopic factor is found to be(80±21)%.     

红外偏振成像对伪装目标的探测识别研究

针对目前普通光电成像系统对伪装目标的探测和识别概率较低的状况,提出伪装目标的探测识别新技术研究。介绍了红外偏振成像系统的原理、组成和特点,研制的中波/长波红外偏振成像装置,其波段范围为3 m ~5 m和8 m~12 m,线偏振度95%,消光比大于100∶1,给出了试验分析数据和偏振融合效果图。研究表明,采用红外偏振成像技术可以有效地实现对地面伪装目标的探测和识别。研究结果还可以扩展到对人工假目标、空中隐身目标等的探测和识别。     

牙齿组织光热动态特性仿真与试验研究

调制激光作用牙齿组织发生散射形成光子密度波, 而由于光热效应产生热波, 基于一维介质辐射传输漫射近似方程与一维热传导方程建立了调制激光作用牙齿组织半透明混合介质的一维热波数学模型. 利用该模型仿真分析了牙齿龋损特性参数(牙釉质龋损层光吸收系数、散射系数、热扩散系数及龋损深度)对光热辐射动态响应特性的影响与规律. 利用红外探测器(HgCdTe, 2–12 μm)记录808 nm半导体激光激发牙齿组织产生的热波信号, 由锁相放大器计算热波信号的幅值与相位. 通过频率扫描试验获得了牙齿组织的光热动态响应, 利用多参数最佳统计拟合方法得到了牙齿组织特性参数. 结果表明光热辐射测量对牙齿组织不均匀性和龋损特性均具有较高敏感性与特异性.     

一种硅基SiO2波导耦合器的设计与分析

波导耦合器是组成光纤传感系统和光纤通信系统光收发组件及模块的重要元器件,是实现光收发模块一体化光电集成的基础。给出了一种用光纤陀螺系统的X型四端口波导耦合器的工作原理,采用有效折射率法和BPM(Beam propagation method)法建立了耦合器的数学模型,计算并分析了耦合器尺寸在尽可能小的情况下和在满足单模传输的条件下耦合器的耦合系数、有效耦合长度、分光比以及回波损耗等参数之间的关系,并对其关键技术进行了系统的研究。仿真结果表明,所设计的波导耦合器在低损耗情况下分光比可达到50%∶50%,耦合器全长为33.5mm,输入输出波导间距为410μm,芯层截面积为6μm×6μm。     

基于数学形态学的弱点状运动目标的检测

提出了一种新的基于数学形态学的红外图像序列中弱点状运动目标的非参数检测算法。采用数学形态学抑制背景杂波干扰和增强目标,用沿时间轴投影和二维空域搜索代替复杂的时空三维搜索形成组合帧,然后在每条可能的轨迹上将进行目标能量累加,实现了一种快速检测前跟踪(TBD)检测算法。仿真实验表明:在恒虚警概率条件下,该检测算法能高效地检测信噪比约为2的弱点状运动目标,检测性能对噪声分布不敏感,能精确地得到目标的即时位置和速度信息,适合于实时图像处理和目标探测,具有很高的实用价值。     

高光谱成像技术的油菜叶片氮含量及分布快速检测

应用高光谱成像技术实现了油菜苗-花-角果整个生命期叶片氮含量的快速检测和氮素水平分布的可视化。采集三个生长时期共计420个叶片样本的高光谱图像信息(380～1 030 nm),提取图像中感兴趣区域的平均光谱数据,经过不同光谱预处理后,利用连续投影算法(SPA)选择特征波长,将提取的12个特征波长(467,557,665,686,706,752,874,879,886,900,978和995 nm)作为自变量,叶片氮含量作为因变量,分别建立偏最小二乘法(PLS)和最小二乘-支持向量机(LS-SVM)模型。SPA-PLS和SPA-LS-SVM模型对叶片氮含量的预测相关系数R_P分别为0.807和0.836,预测均方根误差RMSEP分别为0.387和0.358。高光谱图像中的每一个像素点都有对应的光谱反射值,利用结构简单、更易提取回归系数的SPA-PLS模型,快速计算出12个特征波长下高光谱图像中每个像素点对应的氮含量预测值,结合像素点的空间位置生成氮素浓度的叶面分布图。可视化分布图详细且直观的反应出同一叶片内部或不同叶片之间氮含量的差异。结果表明,应用高光谱成像技术分析整个油菜生长期的叶片氮含量及其可视化分布是可行的。     

Quantum Correlations Induced by Local von Neumann Measurement

We study the total quantum correlation, semiquantum correlation and joint quantum correlation induced by local von Neumann measurement in bipartite system. We analyze the properties of these quantum correlations and obtain analytical formula for pure states. The experimental witness for these quantum correlations is further provided and the significance of these quantum correlations is discussed in the context of local distinguishability of quantum states.     

Thermal degradation kinetics and heat properties of cellulosic cigarette paper: influence of potassium carboxylate as combustion improver

Accurate determination of the thermal properties of cellulose is of particular significance in studying the mechanism of cellulosic cigarette paper combustion. This paper probes into the influence of four kinds of potassium carboxylates on the thermal degradation kinetics and the heat properties of cigarette paper through simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) coupled with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurement under air atmosphere. Reduced mass loss and mass loss rate, and increased solid residue for samples containing four potassium salts implied that potassium carboxylates may retard the formation of levoglucosan and volatiles by inhibiting the depolymerization reaction and simultaneously accelerate char formation by catalyzing the dehydration reaction. Kinetic parameters were analyzed based on three non-isothermal models available in literature. The results indicated that three modeling methods exhibit good consistency. A global activation energy range of 106–155 kJ mol^?1 was proposed for cigarette paper with potassium carboxylates. The four potassium salts studied considerably reduced the activation energy in the following descending order: potassium 1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylate (PBTCA) > citrate > gluconate > ascorbate. The heat properties of cigarette paper were also determined by integrating the DSC curves. The results demonstrated that both cellulose degradation and char oxidation have strong exothermic peaks. Cigarette paper samples with potassium salts have lower exothermic cellulose degradation process and higher exothermic char oxidation process, which were further confirmed by greater differences as the amounts of salt citrate or PBTCA increased.