20世纪90年代末东亚夏季降水年代际变化及其成因初探

基于1983—2011年月总降水量、环流和海温的再分析资料,给出了20世纪90年代末东亚夏季降水的年代际调整的区域特征,及其对应的大气环流内部过程和可能的海温外强迫的年代际变化.研究结果表明,在20世纪90年代末期东亚北部夏季降水比东亚南部夏季降水由湿向干的表现更为明显,东亚南部地区夏季降水则是在20世纪90年代初和21世纪初发生年代际的转折.此外,东亚地区夏季的500 h Pa高度场、850 h Pa风场、U200风场、水汽输送场和东亚太平洋遥相关型指数和东亚夏季风指数等在20世纪90年代末期也表现出明显的年代际变化特征.进而从大气内部过程的角度验证了20世纪90年代末东亚夏季降水发生的年代际调整.与此同时,北太平洋和西太平洋海表温度表现出由偏低向偏高的转变,这可能是导致20世纪90年代末期东亚夏季气候年代际变化的重要外部成因之一.     

A study on small-world brain functional networks altered by postherpetic neuralgia

Understanding the effect of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) pain on brain activity is important for clinical strategies. This is the first study, to our knowledge, to relate PHN pain to small-world properties of brain functional networks. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to construct functional brain networks of the subjects during the resting state. Sixteen patients with PHN pain and 16 (8 males, 8 females for both groups) age-matched controls were studied. The PHN patients exhibited decreased local efficiency along with non-significant changes of global efficiency in comparison with the healthy controls. Moreover, regional nodal efficiency was found to be significantly affected by PHN pain in the areas related to sense (postcentral gyrus, inferior parietal gyrus and thalamus), memory/affective processes (parahippocampal gyrus) and emotional activities (putamen). Significant correlation (p < 0.05) was also found between the nodal efficiency of putamen and pain intensity in PHN patients. Our results suggest that PHN modulates the local efficiency, and the small-world properties of brain networks may have potentials to objectively evaluate pain information in clinic.     

Through-space R3-HETCOR experiments between spin-1/2 and half-integer quadrupolar nuclei in solid-state NMR

We present several new methods that allow to obtain through-space 2D HETCOR spectra between spin-1/2 and half-integer quadrupolar nuclei in the solid state. These methods use the rotary-resonance concept to create hetero-nuclear coherences through the dipolar interaction instead of scalar coupling into the HMQC and refocused INEPT experiments for spin n/2 (n>1). In opposite to those based on the cross-polarization transfer to quadrupolar nuclei, the methods are very robust and easy to set-up.     

Λ型双模激光的朗之万理论

采用朗之万激光理论讨论型双模激光近阈运行的模式耦合特性，双模既可以呈相互抑制和相互支持，又可以呈现一模被抑制另一模被支持以及一模或双模既不被支持又不被抑制。耦合特性不仅取决于双模失谐量，而且与原子三能级初始布居紧密相关。     

2，5─哌嗪二酮与α，β─不饱和醛反应研究

综合运用了多种波谱学方法及化学手段确证并归属了２，５－哌嗪二酮与α，β－不饱和醛在超声波分散金属钾及双季铵盐作用下反应产物的立体化学与核磁共振信号，为研究这个反应提供了有用的信息．     

用CCD分析光源的辐射光谱

本文介绍了利用光电图象技术对光源光谱进行分析的工作。利用ＣＣＤ线阵器件和计算机，我们获得了黑体、灰体及单色光源的光谱特性以及有关数据。     

Study of synthetic diamonds by dynamic nuclear polarization-enhanced13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Four I_b-type synthetic diamond crystals were studied by dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-enhanced high resolution solid state¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The home built DNP magic-angle-spinning (MAS) NMR spectrometer operates at a field strength of 1.9 T and the highest DNP enhancement factor of synthetic diamonds came near to 10³. Comparing with I_b-type natural diamonds, the¹³C NMR linewidths of synthetic diamonds in static spectra are broader. The¹³C spin-lattice relaxation time and DNP polarization time of synthetic diamond are shorter than those of I_b-type natural diamond. From the hyperfine structure of the DNP enhancement curve, four kinds of nitrogen-centred free radicals could be identified in synthetic diamond.