红光InAlAs量子点的结构和光学性质

利用ＭＢＥ方法在（００１）衬底上成功地生长密度大、尺寸小、发红光的ＩｎＡｌＡｓ／ＡｌＧａＡｓ量子点结构。通过原子力显微镜观察表明,ＩｎＡｌＡｓ量子的密度和大小都随覆盖厚度的增加而增大;发现Ａｌ原子的表面迁移率决定ＩｎＡｌＡｓ量子点的形貌,光荧光谱证实了量子点的发光峰值在红光范围,并结合形貌的统计得到了量子点的发光峰展宽主要昌受量子点的横向尺寸影响。     

利用中值检测方法研究近50年中国极端气温变化趋势

利用中国194个站点1957—2001年的逐日温度观测资料和月平均温度资料,分别采用中值和均值两种极端事件检测方法,检测并比较了中国极端高温事件和极端低温事件的变化趋势和空间分布特征.检测表明,年均极端高温的次数在近50年中趋于上升,而年均极端低温的次数有所减少,这与目前观测结果一致,符合全球变暖的特点.在空间分布上,除西南地区部分站点外,近50年中国大部分地区极端低温事件的年均发生次数趋于减少,而极端高温事件发生频率的变化则呈现出东南沿海地区减少、西北内陆地区增加的分布特点. 关键词： 极端事件 全球增暖 变化趋势 中值     

GaAs极化电子源激活的yo-yo过程研究

通过对GaAs晶体产生极化电子束流的实验过程研究,着重对yo-yo过程中不同的实验参数对产生极化束流以及束流稳定情况的影响进行了分析,为获得稳定而持久的极化电流提供了有力的实验支持,并讨论了极化电流强度的可控性. 关键词： GaAs晶体 极化电子束 yo-yo过程 激活     

基于可见/近红外能量光谱的苹果褐腐病和水心鉴别

快速无损鉴别苹果内部品质的优劣是当前苹果行业亟待解决的一项重要课题.针对这一现状,提出了直接采用可见一近红外能量光谱对苹果褐腐病、水心鉴别的新方法,考察了不同判别分析方法对苹果类别判定的准确性.在能量光谱经MSC或者一阶导数处理后,分别采用了峰面积判别法(PADA)、主成分分析判别法(PCADA)、偏最小二乘判别法(PLSDA)建立判别模型.结果显示,三种方法对褐腐病苹果判别正确率都为100%;对水心苹果分别是79.2%,95.0%和96.7%;对正常苹果分别是88.6%,98.2%和98.8%.其中,PCADA和PLSDA明显优于PADA,而PLSDA总判别率最高,达到98.1%,其建模标准差RMSEC为0.449,预测标准差RMSEP为0.392,说明可见一近红外能量光谱结合化学计量学算法可以快速、无损鉴别苹果褐腐病和水心.     

纳秒激光诱导C60分子碎裂中轻碎片离子C+n(n《30)的产生机理研究

采用飞行时间质谱计测量了纳秒激光诱导C60分子碎裂中轻碎片离子C n(n≤11)的初始平均动能,结果显示轻碎片离子具有相同的初始平均动能(约为0.34 eV),并且该动能在一定范围内不随激光通量的变化而明显改变.结合前人的实验结果,对纳秒激光诱导C60分子碎裂中轻碎片离子C n(n<30)的主要产生模式作了新的阐述,即C60分子级联发射15个C2分子和一个电子形成自身不稳定的C 30离子,在皮秒时间尺度内C 30离子的笼形结构塌陷,进而轻碎片离子产生.     

Versatile Nitro-Fluorophore as Highly Effective Sensor for Hypoxic Tumor Cells: Design, Imaging and Evaluation

Based on the characteristics of a nitro-group, which can be partially or totally reduced to an amino-group in hypoxic cells, two series of hypoxic sensors containing 7H-Benzimidazole [2,1-a]benz[de]isoquinolin-7-one cores with nitro groups in different positions were designed, synthesized and evaluated. The target compounds exhibited significantly different fluorescence characteristics (fluorescence enhancement or quenching). The strong fluorescences of some partially reduced compounds could be explained through the examination of their infrared spectra, which showed a restriction of the nitro-group vibration. These compounds exhibited significant hypoxic–oxic fluorescence differences not only in numerical values but also in their fluorescent imaging properties as reported for the first time.      

Widely tunable dual-pump parametric amplifiers with photonic crystal fibres

This paper theoretically studies the double-pumped fibre-optical parametric amplifiers （FOPAs） in photonic crystal fibres. Two distinct working regimes of FOPAs are researched, which depend on the dispersion at the central wavelength of the two pumps. Extremely broad tuning range can be obtained when the central pump wavelength is in the normal dispersion regime and is insensitive to the wavelength separation between the two pumps, while the tuning range is narrow in the anomalous dispersion regime and can be significantly enhanced by increasing the wavelength separation. Impacts of higher-order dispersions and temporal walk-off on the gain spectra are also discussed.     

快冷Fe-Al合金中的原子缺陷弛豫

在多功能内耗仪上用自由衰减和强迫振动方法研究了不同Al含量淬火Fe-Al合金中的两个弛豫型内耗峰.结果显示：P1(180℃)和P2(340℃)两个内耗峰只出现在淬火样品的加热过程中，而在随后的冷却过程中不出现.P1峰是由在α和β(或γ)点阵上的空位组成的最近邻双空位偶极子在应力诱导下的重新取向产生的，其弛豫强度随Al含量非单调地变化，在大约25% Al(原子百分比，以下同)处出现最大值.Al含量较低的Fe-Al合金无     

Phase matching limitation of high-efficiency second-harmonic generation in both phase- and group-velocity-matched structures

In this paper, we studied efficient second-harmonic generation (SHG) of femtosecond pulses in both phase- and group-velocity-matched structures. Obtained results show that phase matching becomes more critical under conditions required for high levels of conversion efficiency. And the imperfect phase mismatch caused by mismatched group-velocity dispersion (GVD) will limit conversion efficiency as well as bandwidth of generated second-harmonic (SH) pulses. The spectral characteristics of the generated SH pulses and its conversion efficiency in the strong pump regime are investigated in detail. The acceptance bandwidth of nonlinear crystal in the high-efficiency SHG is redefined in the paper, and the definition is much closer to the practical application of design.     

Preparation and spectroscopic properties of Nb2O5 nanorods

Nb₂O₅ nanorods have been prepared using water/ethanol media. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-visible absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The as-prepared Nb₂O₅ nanorods appeared to be single pseudohexagonal (TT-Nb₂O₅) phase. From the photoluminescence spectrum, two emission bands at 407 and 496 nm, respectively, were observed. The origin of the luminescence was discussed in detail.