数字全息用于光波衍射传播理论教学研究

数字全息技术是基于传统光学全息原理,借助于光电探测和数字处理技术,通过单次曝光记录和再现物光场的振幅和相位信息,近年来被广泛研究和应用.将数字全息应用于光波衍射传播理论教学中,不仅能够使学生在学习过程中形象、直观的理解光波衍射传播理论,而且能够通过编程计算完成数字全息图的数值再现,锻炼他们的知识运用能力,从而拓宽专业知识面、了解科学的发展前沿.     

电枢超导型高温超导电机原理样机的温度场数值模拟研究

本文对一种电枢绕组部分采用高温超导线圈,转子励磁部分采用永磁体的新型高温超导原理样机进行了整体温度场的数值模拟计算,主要包括稳态冷却过程、瞬态冷却过程及零件配合面径向变形量计算三个方面的内容.通过对边界条件及传热条件的简化,建立了电机的近似平面轴对称传热模型,得出了高温超导线圈处冷却至工作温度(77K左右)所需的时间.另外还计算出零件配合面上的径向变形量,可据此制订低温尺寸公差,为零件的机械加工提供了指导.     

裸爆和特制半球形结构内爆超压对比实验研究

 爆炸焊接过程会产生爆炸地震、冲击波、有毒气体和噪音等有害效应。设计并制作一个直径为36 m、入口和排烟口直径分别为8 m的半球形结构,用以降低爆炸焊接过程中产生的超压影响。为了研究实际超压降低效果,进行了裸爆和按1/6比例建立的半球形结构内爆炸的超压对比实验。实验结果表明：当超压的传播距离大于20 m时,这种半球形结构能有效降低爆炸焊接过程中产生的超压;对于相同的超压传播距离,切线方向（垂直于半球形结构入口方向）比径向方向（半球形结构入口方向）的超压降低效果好。结合冲击波的传播和反射特点,对超压降低的可能原因进行了分析。     

Pr3+,Yb3+共掺YPO4下转换材料的制备及其转光效率

采用固相反应法制备了Pr³⁺,Yb³⁺共掺杂的YPO₄下转换发光粉体,并在450 nm光激发条件下,研究了Yb³⁺不同摩尔分数(0%,1%,2%,4%,20%,30%)对转光效率的影响。结果表明:不同Yb³⁺浓度的样品,其荧光峰强度不同,这可能是由于Pr³⁺-Yb³⁺之间Yb³⁺浓度不同存在能量传递效率差异的原因。研究也发现了样品的下转换发光,其能量传递过程为:Pr³⁺:³P₀→Yb³⁺:²F_5/2+²F_5/2。荧光光谱测试结果表明,Yb³⁺的最佳掺杂摩尔分数为2%。Pr³⁺,Yb³⁺共掺杂的YPO₄材料在提高太阳能电池光电转换效率方面具有潜在的应用。     

阳极氧化法制备Y型TiO2纳米管

在含有质量分数为0.5%的NH₄F和体积分数为5% 的H₂O的乙二醇混合溶液中,采用三步阳极氧化法制备了表面形貌高度有序的Y型TiO₂纳米管阵列。讨论了钛片预处理过程对优化TiO₂纳米管阵列表面形貌的影响以及采用升温法制备Y型TiO₂纳米管的内在机理,并在较宽的温度范围内(20~60 ℃)对钛片进行阳极氧化。实验结果表明当阳极氧化第三步的电解液温度设置在40 ℃以上时,Y型TiO₂纳米管阵列的顶端将出现环状纳米线、管壁破裂以及管长减小等现象,不利于保证Y型TiO₂纳米管阵列的整体质量。因此,30~40 ℃是选取阳极氧化第三步温度的理想范围。     

槲皮素的光谱分析

槲皮素属于黄酮醇类化合物,广泛存在于蔬菜、水果、茶和葡萄酒等很多食物中。它是一种极强的天然抗氧化剂,具有抗血栓、抗炎、抗病毒、抗肿瘤等作用。本文分析了槲皮素的UV、IR、¹H NMR、¹³C NMR、MS、TG、DSC等,给槲皮素的生产、质量控制提供可靠的光谱数据。     

面向学生能力培养的大学物理实验教学探索与实践

利用现有教学资源,面向全体大学物理实验选课学生进行了以学生为主体的实验教学探索。提出了学生能力培养的实验教学原则。从引导学生提出问题,改进实验处理和研究方法,开展课题研究性实验和学生参与科技制作四个方面介绍了大学物理实验教学的探索及实践。     

Comparative study of the in vitro bioactivities of Bupleurum rigidum and B. fruticescens

Decoctions of the aerial parts of either Bupleurum rigidum or B. fruticescens are equally used in certain parts of Spain for the treatment of topical and musculoskeletal inflammations. In the present paper, their phytochemical profile and pharmacological value has been compared. After chromatographic and spectral analyses we could establish the presence of rutin and absence of chlorogenic acid in B. fruticescens, whilst the contrary applies to B. rigidum, providing a means to chemically differentiate extracts and dry materials from the two species. Their free radical scavenging and antiperoxidative activities were similar, with B. fruticescens being more active overall. The infusions of both Bupleurum species also showed similar anti-inflammatory activity when tested by NF-kappaB assay (40% and 42% at 60 microg x mL(-1)), as well as in a hexosaminidase exocytosis assay (30% at 50 microg x mL(-1)). Antimigratory effects on rat melanoma B16F10 showed significant activity for both infusions, with B. rigidum twice as potent as B. fruticescens, the activity of the latter not being fully explained by its content of rutin. Taking all these results together, we can conclude that, in the selected experimental models, there exist an in vitro bioequivalence of the infusions from both species, which is in agreement with the majority of ethnopharmacological reports.     

Can curcumin food and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bacillus subtilis</Emphasis> drug be taken simultaneously?

Curcumin (CUR), a frequently-used food additive and flavorings, has been reported to be safe at a wide dose range. Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) is commonly found in soil and decomposing organic matter, and it was reported beneficial for humans when ingested. Up to now, there have been no contraindication of B. subtilis except for the avoidance of the drug combination with antibiotics, and the interaction of food and B. subtilis drug is blank. In this study, the interaction of CUR and B. subtilis was investigated. Microcalorimetry was applied to evaluate the effect of CUR on B. subtilis growth. By analyzing the main parameters extracted from the heat-flow power–time curves, it was concluded that CUR could inhibit the growth of B. subtilis, and the 50% inhibiting concentration (IC₅₀) valued 109.9 μg mL⁻¹. The results revealed that it is unreasonable to take CUR and B. subtilis at the same time, and it also provided a new way for the investigation of the interaction between food and drug. Meanwhile, this study indicated that the safety of CUR should be re-evaluated.     

An electrochemiluminescent assay for high sensitive detection of mercury (II) based on isothermal rolling circular amplification

In this study, we firstly demonstrated that Bst DNA polymerase shows specific recognition and function on the T–Hg²⁺–T biomimetic structure. Based on this, a novel available electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor for Hg²⁺ has been developed. In this strategy, magnet beads tagged primer was designed to complementary to the region of the circular padlock probe but with two T–T mismatches at the 3′ end. The mismatched primers cannot be extended by Bst DNA polymerase in the absence of Hg²⁺. Stable T–Hg²⁺–T can be formed in the presence of Hg²⁺, thus induces the elongation and amplification reaction by DNA polymerase with a rolling circular amplification (RCA) mechanism. Subsequently, the resulted RCA products are hybridized with the tris (bipyridine) ruthenium (TBR)-tagged probes and detected by ECL platform. Current method shows a sub-nanomolar sensitivity and excellent selectivity over a spectrum of interference metal ions.