基于稀土离子介导石墨烯量子点荧光开关的凝血酶生物传感器

稀土离子(Er3+)可与荧光石墨烯量子点(GQDs)表面的含氧基团发生配位,在Er3+介导下形成高配位数的GQDs/Er3+配合物,引起GQDs聚集而使其荧光减弱.凝血酶(Tb)中的氮和氧等原子可与Er3+发生配位作用,从而与GQDs竞争结合Er3+,减弱了GQDs与Er3+的作用而使其荧光恢复.通过检测GQDs的荧光即可实现对Tb活性的高灵敏分析,构建了基于Er3+介导GQDs荧光开关的Tb传感方法,采用透射电镜、原子力显微镜、红外吸收光谱以及荧光光谱等对传感机理进行了研究.本方法对Tb的检出限低至0.049 nmol/L,其它蛋白质对Tb检测无明显干扰,实际样品中Tb加标回收率为98.0%~105.3%,相对标准偏差为0.6%~4.2%.     

A Portable Plasma Sterilizer

An atmospheric microplasma jet system powered by an commercial transformer is developed for investigating the sterilizing efficiency of Escherichia coli in different conditions. The device can be hand-held and operated in the open air. The effect of carrier gas, gas flow rate, distance and treatment time of inactivation is studied. According to the experiment, plasma jet is able to inactivate all the bacteria on the surface in 20 s when the air flow rate is 5 L/min and the distance is 2.0 cm. Besides, the sterilization efficacy with different carrier gas follows an order as bellow: N₂ > air > O₂ > Ar. The measurements of malondialdehyde content, protein leakage quantity and Mg content are performed as well. In addition, the SEM after plasma treatment reveals that the integrity of E. coli cells is damaged and intracellular particles are excreted into the extracellular space. With discussions upon the mechanisms of surface sterilization, it is found that during the treatment of microplasma, it is mainly the etching actions of electrons and ions on the bacilli that kill the E. coli. Chemical effects rather than physical ones that are responsible for inactivation. Furthermore, the experiment results suggest that there may be better sterilization effect with gas mixture as carrier gas.     

铝基复合材料高速干摩擦行为的遗传神经网络预测模型

对4种SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料在5种速度和4种压力条件下进行了销-盘摩擦磨损试验,运用遗传神经网络技术建立了铝基复合材料在高速干滑动过程中的摩擦行为预报模型,并用该模型对铝基复合材料进行预报.结果表明,蓄热能力较大的铝基复合材料在服役条件下具有较高的摩擦系数,与实际情况相一致.用遗传神经网络建立的铝基复合材料摩擦行为预测模型为服役条件下提供了简便、可靠的优选材料方法.     

旧路拓宽全过程三维有限元分析

旧路拓宽是西部山区高等级公路建设中的重要课题。运用岩土工程专业软件包P laxis 3D Tunnel,对旧路拓宽进行了全过程的三维弹塑性有限元数值模拟,包括新路基的填筑,路面各结构层的铺筑及轮载最不利位置的施加等,重点分析了新旧路基不均匀沉降变形及应力分布的规律,比较了拓宽方式、新老路基土模量差异对路面变形和使用寿命的影响,并就实际施工提出了一些建议。     

求解双参数层状地基模型的积分变换法

计算弹性地基梁板时，大都采用文克尔地基模型。由于该模型过于简化，不能正确反映土的工程性质，为此本文提出了一种双参数层状地基模型。该模型由一系列的弹性层组成，并对每一层中应力应变分布做了假设。通过积分变换的方法可以求出每一层表面处位移与力之间的关系，进而形成层刚度矩阵。按照有限元法的原理，可把每一层的刚度矩阵凝聚成总体刚度矩阵进行求解。本文模型是V1azov模型的延伸和发展。通过与V1azov模型计算结果的比较，证明本文方法是正确的。并且本文得到了荷载作用于层状模型内部时的解答，为将双参数地基模型用于桩基分析打下了理论基础。     

Influence of load amplitude and uniaxial tensile properties on fatigue crack growth

The rate at which energy is accumulated within a unit volume of material in fatigue is assumed to depend not only on load-time history but also on the specimen size and geometry in addition to material type. A threshold level for the hysteresis strain energy density function accumulated in the material is used for predicting macrocrack growth. This is accomplished by application of the incremental theory of plasticity for each increment of crack growth. The accumulated hysteresis strain energy density factor ΔS to crack growth increment Δa ratio is found to be constant for fixed specimen size and loading, i.e., . Results are obtained for the cylindrical bar specimens with a penny-shaped defect at the center subjected to a constant amplitude and frequency loading. The resistance curves in the ΔS versus Δa plot are parallel lines as specimen size is altered. This information provides a rational means for predicting the influence of specimen size on fatigue lifetime.The results are also compared with those found for geometrically similar plate specimens with line cracks. Cylinder bar specimens of the same material are found to sustain more load cycles prior to catastrophic failure.     

三核镍配合物Ni_3(C_(14)H_8N_3O_5)_2(C_5H_5N)_4的合成、晶体结构和抗癌活性(英文)

The title complex Ni3(C14H8N3O5)2(C5H5N)4 has been synthesized by the reaction of 2-hydroxy-N′-(4- nitrobenzoyl)benzohydraizide with nickel acetate in pyridine solution. Its molecular structure was characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra and X-ray crystal structure determination. Crystal data for this compound: Mono- clinic, space group P21/c, Mr=1 089.00, a=0.249 27(5) nm, b=0.161 40(3) nm, c=0.121 81(2) nm, β=94.59(3)°, V= 4.885 2(17) nm3, Z=4, Dc=1.481 Mg·m-3, F(000)=2 232, R1=0.049 7, wR2=0.106 8 (observed reflections with I2σ(I)) and R1=0.105 1, wR2=0.119 4 (all reflections), GOF=1.021. The complex was evaluated for their antitumor activi- ties against two kinds of cell lines (K562 and BGC) by MTT method. A preliminary bioactivity study indicates that the complex shows distinct antitumor activity.     

碳纳米管-TiO_2修饰电极伏安法测定维生素K_3

利用碳纳米管、二氧化钛两种纳米材料制成碳纳米管-TiO2复合膜修饰电极,进行了维生素K3电化学行为的研究。维生素K3在碳纳米管-TiO2复合膜修饰电极的电化学响应优于碳纳米管修饰电极,表明前者具有更好的催化作用。通过条件实验的优化,结果表明维生素K3在pH=9.42的氨水-NH4Cl底液中,富集时间为10s,富集电位于-0.60V,扫描速度为0.1V/s时有稳定的灵敏的氧化还原峰。峰电流与维生素K3浓度在3.0×10-6～8.0×10-5mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为5.0×10-7 mol/L。考查了修饰电极的重现性,5次平行测量的RSD为1.78%。该方法用于片剂药品中维生素K3含量的测定,回收率在97.5%～102%之间。     

新型一维配位聚合物{[Cu(4,4′-bipy)Cl]_n}的溶剂热合成及其晶体结构

以4,4′-联吡啶(4,4′-bipy)和CuCl2·2H2O为原料,用溶剂热法合成了新型一维配位聚合物——[Cu(4,4′-bipy)Cl]n(1),其结构经IR,元素分析和X-射线单晶衍射表征。1属于四方晶系,I41/acd空间群,晶胞参数:a=1.418 25(8)nm,b=1.418 25(8)nm,c=3.855 60(4)nm,V=7.755 2(10)nm3,Z=32,Mr=255.18g.mol-1,Dc=1.748 g.cm-3,μ=2.48 mm-1,F(000)=4 096,R1=0.030 6,wR2=0.085 5,S=1.04。1中Cu+分别与两个4,4′-bipy上的一个N原子配位以及两个端基氯原子配位,形成了四面体配位几何构型。分子内Cu┈Cu间的距离为0.274 7(1)nm。在a+c轴方向,通过4,4′-bipy桥联作用形成二维层状网格,层与层通过互穿插形成三维结构。二维层可以简化为一个4.82拓扑。     

拉科酰胺的合成工艺改进

以N-Boc-D-丝氨酸为起始原料,经羟基甲基化、与苄胺的酰胺化、脱除Boc保护基和胺基乙酰化4步反应合成了拉科酰胺(1),总收率76.0%,其结构经1H NMR和MS表征。在关键中间体(R)-N-苄基-2-N-Boc-氨基-3-甲氧基丙酰胺的合成中,以三乙胺代替N-甲基吗啉作为缚酸剂,以氯甲酸异丙酯代替DCC为缩合剂,有效降低了合成成本。