Generation of vorticity motion by sound in a chemically reacting gas and inversion of acoustic streaming in the non-equilibrium regime

Nonlinear stimulation of the vorticity mode caused by losses in the momentum of sound in a chemically reacting gas is considered. The instantaneous dynamic equation for the vorticity mode is derived. It includes a quadratic nonlinear acoustic source, which reflects the fact that the reason for the interaction between sound and the vorticity mode is nonlinear. Both periodic and aperiodic sound may be considered as the origin of the vorticity flow. The equation governing the mean flow (the acoustic streaming) in the field of periodic sound is also derived. In the non-equilibrium regime of a chemical reaction, there may exist streaming vortices whose direction of rotation is opposite to that of the vortices in the standard thermoviscous flows. For periodic sound, this is illustrated by an example. The theory and the example describe both equilibrium and non-equilibrium chemical reactions.     

Transcranial direct current stimulation of the prefrontal cortex modulates working memory performance: combined behavioural and electrophysiological evidence

Background  

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a technique that can systematically modify behaviour by inducing changes in the underlying brain function. In order to better understand the neuromodulatory effect of tDCS, the present study examined the impact of tDCS on performance in a working memory (WM) task and its underlying neural activity. In two experimental sessions, participants performed a letter two-back WM task after sham and either anodal or cathodal tDCS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC).     

聚变反应历程测量系统研制及应用

为了测量惯性约束聚变实验中的聚变反应时间过程,研制了一套时间分辨优于40 ps的聚变反应历程测量系统.该系统由闪烁体及鼻锥部分、光学系统和条纹相机系统三部分组成.其中闪烁体将中子信号转换为可见光信号,光学系统则将闪烁体的发光信号成像在条纹相机上进行记录.为得到信号与入射激光的时间关系,还将时标引入了条纹相机进行记录.在...     

辐射驱动条件下冲击波诊断用透明窗口离化现象研究

针对间接驱动情况下,冲击波诊断中出现的X光离化问题,利用半导体模型,解释了蓝宝石和石英晶体材料中出现黑区的理论过程,并进行了实验验证.利用光生载流子模型分析了石英晶体中时间方向上出现调制的过程,并进行了实验验证.发现使用石英晶体作为窗口材料,使用60μm厚度的烧蚀层,在180 eV辐射温度条件下,没有出现明显的黑区.使...     

基于自适应侧抑制网络的红外弱小目标检测

 为了提高远距离红外弱小目标的检测效率,提出了一种基于自适应侧抑制网络的复杂背景下的红外弱小目标检测方法。该方法建立了改进的侧抑制网络数学模型,利用各向异性滤波来自适应地确定侧抑制网络的抑制系数,不需要人为干预,实现了侧抑制网络与各向异性高斯滤波的有机结合。同时,在各向异性高斯滤波器两轴确定方面进行了改进,两轴分别采用对比度尺度模型和强度尺度传播模型来独立确定。通过与传统弱小目标检测方法的对比实验,验证了方法的有效性。     

Image displacement based on phase-encoded reference joint fractional transform correlator

In order to utilize the space of an input plane efficiently and make the optical structure more flexible, an image displacement measurement based on phase-encoded reference joint fractional transform correlator (PER-JFrTC) is proposed. We use a random phase mask to encode the reference image and overlay it with the target image forming the input image. Joint power spectrum (JPS) of the input image is obtained by Fourier transform and the resultant is encoded by the same phase mask. Then a fractional Fourier transform with an order p is applied to the phase-encoded JPS (PJPS), resulting in a correlation output with a sharp cross-correlation peak, which includes the displacement information between the reference and the target image. Contrast to displacement measurement based on traditional joint transform correlator (JTC), PER-JFrTC can use the space of the input plane efficiently and reduces the influence of the auto-correlation. Also the position of cross-correlation peak can be fixed arbitrarily according to the fractional order p as well as the optical set-up can be more flexible and easier to implement. Results based on digital computation show that PER-JFrTC could detect the displacement accurately and verify our proposal. A possible optical set-up is suggested.     

霍尔推进器中磁化二次电子对鞘层特性的影响

为进一步研究霍尔推进器壁面二次电子发射对推进器性能的影响,采用流体模型数值模拟了二次电子磁化效应的等离子体鞘层特性.得到二次电子磁化鞘层的玻姆判据.讨论了不同的磁场强度和方向、二次电子发射系数以及不同种类等离子体推进器的鞘层结构.结果表明:随器壁二次电子发射系数的增大,鞘层中粒子密度增加,器壁电势升高,鞘层厚度减小;鞘层电势及粒子密度随着磁场强度和方位角的增加而增加;而对于不同种类的等离子体,壁面电势和鞘层厚度也不同.这为霍尔推进器的磁安特性实验提供了理论解释. 关键词： 霍尔推进器 磁鞘 二次电子     

拓扑绝缘体表面态的STM研究

文章主要介绍了利用扫描隧道显微镜对拓扑绝缘体表面态进行的一系列研究工作,包括拓扑绝缘体表面态的电子驻波以及拓扑表面态的朗道量子化现象.这些工作对于拓扑绝缘体基本性质的确立以及深入理解具有十分重要的意义.     

VRML在CAI课件设计中的应用研究

通过利用VRML制作NaCl分子晶体模型和机械横波传播模型,研究了VRML在计算机辅助教学中的应用.体现出虚拟现实技术在CAI教育中应用的优势.     

高重复频率激光在非掺杂氧化铋玻璃中诱导TiO2晶体析出

使用聚焦后的800nm,150 fs,250 kHz的高重复频率飞秒脉冲激光研究它在非掺杂氧化铋玻璃内部三维选择性的诱导析晶.通过拉曼光谱测定发现析出的晶体是TiO2且为金红石相.研究表明,经过250 kHz的飞秒激光辐照一段时间后,玻璃内部由于脉冲能量的连续累积会使得激光辐照区域出现热累积效应,达到玻璃的析晶温度后诱导晶体析出.通过连续移动激光束,可以实现连续刻写TiO2晶线,通过EDX测试显示聚焦区域出现了由于热累积效应而形成热驱动使得离子发生迁徙.实验结果表明这种方法适用于在透明介质材料中三维选择性刻写晶体以制备集成光学器件.