Fluorescence analysis of molecular iodine isotopes using a frequency-tunable He-Ne laser

Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 55, No. 4, pp. 563–566, October, 1991.     

The indentation of two rigid stamps into an elastic sphere with a spheroidal inclusion

On the basis of the expansion formulas of the vector solutions of the Lamé equations in spherical coordinates with respect to the solutions of the Lamé equations in oblate spheroidal coordinates and on the basis of their inverse formulas, one solves the problem of the compression of an elastic ball with an absolutely rigid inclusion in the form of an oblate spheroid. The problem is reduced to an infinite system of linear algebraic equations of the second kind with a completely continuous operator in ₂. Results of the numerical solution of the infinite system are given and the obtained results are analyzed.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Prikladnaya Mekhanika, No. 20, pp. 9–13, 1989.     

Electrolytic Deposition of Hard Chromium Coatings from Electrolyte Based on Deep Eutectic Solvent

Deposition of chromium coatings from an electrolyte based on a deep eutectic solvent (new type of ionic fluids) was studied. The electrolyte used to deposit the coatings contained choline chloride, chromium(III) chloride, and addition of water. It was found that introduction of a certain amount of water makes it possible to raise the electrical conductivity and reduce the viscosity of the electrolyte to values acceptable for its practical application. The manner in which the electrolysis conditions affect the current efficiency for chromium deposition was determined. It was shown that uniform hard chromium coatings with good adhesion to the substrate can be deposited.     

Tensile strength of two-dimensional Lennard-Jones crystals. 2. Dynamic aspect

The failure of a two-dimensional crystal at negative pressures and at temperatures lower than the triple point is studied in a molecular-dynamics experiment. The dynamics of the failure is analyzed by visualizing the evolution of a net of interparticle bonds and the particle trajectories and by determining the time dependence of rms displacements of particles in the states before the failure and after crack relaxation. Institute of Thermal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. Translated fromZhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 50–57, January–February, 1995. Translated by I. Izvekova     

Multistage Electrochemical Reactions with the Transfer of Intermediates between the Near-Electrode Layer and the Bulk Solution: The Accumulation of the Intermediates and the Current Redistribution between the Stages during Electrolysis

Dependences of reactant concentrations and current densities of individual stages on the electrolysis time for a multistage electrode process complicated by the transfer of intermediates between the near-electrode layer and the bulk electrolyte are obtained by numerical computer-aided modeling. Effect of various factors on the dynamics of variations in the concentration of the initial reactant and intermediate in the bulk electrolyte is analyzed. The possibility of a substantial increase in the current efficiency of the second stage of discharge during electrolysis is shown.     

Parameters of the double electric layer and n-butanol adsorption on lead in methanesulfonate solutions

A differential capacity measurement showed that the zero charge potential of a lead electrode in a sodium methanesulfonate solution was ?0.69 V. Like sulfate anions, methanesulfonate anions had low specific adsorbability on lead. The adsorption of n-butanol from a methanesulfonate electrolyte on a lead electrode was approximated by the Frumkin isotherm equation. The parameters of n-butanol adsorption in a methanesulfonate solution were close to those reported for fluoride and sulfate solutions in the literature.     

Transition absorption as a mechanism of surface photoelectron emission from metals

Transition absorption of a photon by an electron passing through a boundary between two media with different permittivities is described both classically and quantum mechanically. Transition absorption is shown to make a substantial contribution to photoelectron emission at a metal/semicon‐ductor interface in nanoplasmonic systems, and is put forth as a possible microscopic mechanism of the surface photoelectric effect in photodetectors and solar cells containing plasmonic nanoparticles.

     

Activation energy of electrochemical reaction at a constant value of electrode potential

Equations were derived interrelating ideal activation energy W (determined at the constant Galvani potential value), real activation energy A (determined at a constant overpotential), and the so called formal activation energy Ω (calculated at a constant electrode potential vs. an arbitrarily chosen reference electrode). The obtained equations include only the parameters of the studied reaction and no characteristics of the reaction occurring on the reference electrode. The type of the Ω dependence on the electrode potential is established. Conditions are found, under which the real and formal activation energies of the electrochemical reactions can simultaneously remain constant in the given temperature range and it becomes possible to use them in the integral forms of the Arrhenius equation.