Extending the supramolecular synthon based fragment approach (SBFA) for transferability of multipole charge density parameters to monofluorobenzoic acids and their cocrystals with isonicotinamide: importance of C-H···O, C-H···F, and F···F intermolecular regions

An extension of the supramolecular synthon-based fragment approach (SBFA) method for transferability of multipole charge density parameters to include weak supramolecular synthons is proposed. In particular, the SBFA method is applied to C-H···O, C-H···F, and F···F containing synthons. A high resolution charge density study has been performed on 4-fluorobenzoic acid to build a synthon library for C-H···F infinite chain interactions. Libraries for C-H···O and F···F synthons were taken from earlier work. The SBFA methodology was applied successfully to 2- and 3-fluorobenzoic acids, data sets for which were collected in a routine manner at 100 K, and the modularity of the synthons was demonstrated. Cocrystals of isonicotinamide with all three fluorobenzoic acids were also studied with the SBFA method. The topological analysis of inter- and intramolecular interaction regions was performed using Bader's AIM approach. This study shows that the SBFA method is generally applicable to generate charge density maps using information from multiple intermolecular regions.     

Phenoxide bridged tetranuclear Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes: electrochemical, magnetic and antimicrobial studies

Phenoxide bridged later first row transition metal(II) complexes have been prepared by the interaction of later 3d transition metal(II) chlorides with tetranucleating compartmental Schiff base ligand system derived from 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol, p-phenylenediamine and 2-hydrazinobenzothiazole. Ligand and complexes were characterized by analytical, spectral (IR, UV-visible, ESR, FAB-mass and fluorescence), magnetic and thermal studies. All complexes are found to have octahedral geometry. The mutual influence of metal centres in terms of cooperative effect on the electronic, magnetic, electrochemical and structural properties was investigated. The Schiff base and its complexes have been screened for their antibacterial (against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and antifungal activities (against Aspergillus niger, and Candida albicans).     

Spectroscopic and In Silico Evaluation of Interaction of DNA with Six Anthraquinone Derivatives

Anthraquinones consist of several hundreds of derivatives that differ in the nature and positions of substituent groups which are known to have several biological activities including antitumor properties. Interaction of molecules with DNA persists to be an extremely vital parameter while endeavouring to formulate therapeutics. In this study, few anthraquinone derivatives such as 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone (alizarin), 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone (quinizarin), 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone (danthron), 1,2,4-trihydroxyanthraquinone (purpurin), 1,4-diaminoanthraquinone, and 1-methylaminoanthraquinone were analyzed for its possible interaction with calf-thymus DNA through spectroscopy and in silico analysis. Our UV spectroscopic results indicate that all selected anthraquinones interact with DNA probably by external binding. Molar extinction coefficient has been calculated for chosen six anthraquinones. FT-IR results suggest that significant shifts of peaks as well as disappearance of certain characteristic peaks were indicators of the plausible interaction going on due to dye-DNA adduct formation. Among the six dyes used, purpurin showed better results and indicates the relatively strong binding affinity with DNA. Our molecular modeling results also show that purpurin has comparatively higher DNA interaction with a score of ?6.18 compared with the ethidium bromide of ?5.02 and intercalate the DNA.     

Validation of chemical separation method for the determination of 63Ni using TDCR technique in steel samples of APSARA reactor

Activity Standards of ⁶³Ni was used to benchmark our triple-to-double coincidence ratio (TDCR) primary standardization instrument Hidex 300SL TDCR device under different chemical and colour quench conditions. The results were compared with a secondary standardization instrument Tricarb 2910TR that employs transformed spectral index of external standard to assess the quench level of samples. Excellent agreement was observed (within 3 %) for a wide range of standard activity and quench conditions. The method was subsequently used for validating chemical separation procedure for estimation of ⁶³Ni in neutron activated standard nickel and steel samples. Further the method was applied for estimation of ⁶³Ni from decommissioning waste of a research reactor, APSARA.     

Ecofriendly Biocomposites from Natural fibers: Mechanical and Weathering study

Increasing environmental concerns and depletion of petroleum resources has forced researchers around the globe to find new green materials. In the present research work, a particular interest was focused on the effective use of lignocellulosic natural fibers as reinforcement using polymer resin as a novel matrix. Green composites were prepared using the compression molding technique with different fiber contents. The physicomechanical and thermal characteristics of the different composite samples were investigated as a function of fiber contents. The results obtained suggest that the properties of the polymer matrix are positively affected by the incorporation of natural cellulosic fibers.     

Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of 4-Aroyl-2-pyrones: Nucleophilic Addition of Active Methylene Groups to 1,2-Diaroylacetylenes

An efficient synthesis of 3,6-disubstituted-4-aroyl-2-pyrones in a single-step reaction through Michael addition of 1,2-diaroylacetylenes with active methylene compounds in the presence of NaH in dimethylsulfoxide at room temperature is reported. The structures have been confirmed by spectral data analyses.

Photo-induced Charge-transfer and Photovoltaic Effect in a Composite Involving a Nonconjugated Conductive Polymer and C60

Photo-induced charge-transfer and resulting photovoltaic effect in a composite involving a nonconjugated conductive polymer, poly(β -pinene) and C₆₀ is reported. The photovoltaic cell was fabricated using indium-tin-oxide coated glass as one electrode and aluminum as the other, with poly(β -pinene)-C₆₀ composite film sandwiched in-between. A Nitrogen laser (325 nm) and an illuminant white-light-source (300–700 nm) were used and the photo-voltage produced was found to have a linear dependency on light intensity. The photoluminescence of poly(β -pinene) (at 360 nm) was quenched when C₆₀ was added to form the composite. Therefore, the photovoltaic effect is a result of excited-state electron-transfer from poly(β -pinene) to C₆₀.     

Spectrophotometric Studies of V(V) Complexes of N-Methylaminothioformyl-N′-phenylhydroxylamine

The violet-colored complexes of V(V) and N-methylaminothio-formyl-N′-phenylhydroxylamine are extractable into chloroform. The spectrophotometric studies have shown that 1:3 and 1:4 (metal:ligand) complexes predominate in the acidity range 6.5–9 N and 9.5–10.5 N HCl, respectively. The values of stability constants, stepwise and overall, have been calculated by following extended Leden and Yatsimirskii methods. The analytical suitability of the reagent for the microdetermination of vanadium has also been investigated.     

Ternary Complexes in Solution: Mixed Ligand Pb(II) Complexes with 2,2′-Bipyridyl or 1,10-Phenanthroline and Some Bivalent Mercapto Acid Amides

Abstract

The stability constants of ternary Pb(II) complexes containing 2,2′-bipyridyl (Bipy) or 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) as the first ligand and N-phenyl-2-mercapto acid amide, N-(p-chloro)phenyl-2-mercapto acid amide, N-(p-tolyl)-2-mercapto acid amide, N-(p-anisyl)-2-mercapto acid amide, or N-phenyl-2-mercapto-propionamide as the second ligand were determined in 70% v/v dioxane-water medium at 30 ± 1°C and constant ionic strength (0.1 M NaClO₄) in a nitrogen atmosphere. The results give evidence that all these complexes have the same structure and therefore the binding sites of the ligands have to be the imino nitrogen and sulfur of the sulfhydryl group. The stability difference between the ternary and the binary complexes are in good agreement with this interpretation. It is of interest to note that these ternary complexes are significantly more stable than expected from statistical reasons, i.e., the difference; Δ log K_M = log K^MA _MAL - log K^M _ML is positive (except for PMP) (where A = Bipy or phen and L is the second ligand). In addition, the enhanced stability of the ternary complexes is suggested on the basis of the π-accepting qualities of the hetero aromatic N-base. The effect of the chelate ring size is discussed.     

Surface chemistry of lipid raft and amyloid Aβ (1-40) Langmuir monolayer

Lipid rafts being rich in cholesterol and sphingolipids are considered to provide ordered lipid environment in the neuronal membranes, where it is hypothesized that the cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) to Aβ (1-40) and Aβ (1-42) takes place. It is highly likely that the interaction of lipid raft components like cholesterol, sphingomylein or GM1 leads to nucleation of Aβ and results in aggregation or accumulation of amyloid plaques. One has investigated surface pressure-area isotherms of the lipid raft and Aβ (1-40) Langmuir monolayer. The compression-decompression cycles and the stability of the lipid raft Langmuir monolayer are crucial parameters for the investigation of interaction of Aβ (1-40) with the lipid raft Langmuir monolayer. It was revealed that GM1 provides instability to the lipid raft Langmuir monolayer. Adsorption of Aβ (1-40) onto the lipid raft Langmuir monolayer containing neutral (POPC) or negatively charged phospholipid (DPPG) was examined. The adsorption isotherms revealed that the concentration of cholesterol was important for adsorption of Aβ (1-40) onto the lipid raft Langmuir monolayer containing POPC whereas for the lipid raft Langmuir monolayer containing DPPG:cholesterol or GM1 did not play any role. In situ UV-vis absorption spectroscopy supported the interpretation of results for the adsorption isotherms.