The design of a double-parallel amplified recirculating optical delay line utilizing an erbium-doped fibre amplifier for a fibre optical bus is described. This structure is used for amplifying, equalizing and filtering multicarrier signals coming from optoelectronic units attached to fibre couplers. The use of this structure for a hybrid multimode-singlemode fibre bus that includes optoelectronic units for sensors is also demonstrated. 相似文献
Nematic solutions of PPTA and nylon 3T were prepared in H2SO4 Optical microscopy was used to ascertain the phase behaviour of the blends. In the studied concentration range, no phase separation was observed. The solutions were shear-oriented and coagulated, and the resulting samples were studied by x-ray and electron diffraction. Nylon 3T crystallised even at a low concentration, which is indicative of a phase separation. Electron diffraction investigations of the oriented samples showed that well-oriented areas, which were predominantly composed of PPTA, adjoined areas where the major component, nylon 3T, showed no orientation. The relative proportion of the unoriented areas increased with increasing nylon concentration. It was concluded that, upon coagulation, the nylon was segregated into separate phases and crystallised unoriented, whereas for PPTA, crystallisation proceeded with very little chain rearrangement therefore preserving the orientation. 相似文献
Summary.
We consider a discontinuous Galerkin finite element method
applied in time to a model Volterra equation of the second kind.
A residual-based computable
Galerkin-error estimate is derived
for .
This estimate does not explicitly
contain the time step and therefore the time step
control must be based
on a heuristic criterion, the estimate can then be used to
demonstrate the integrity, or otherwise, of the finite element
solution. After performing some numerical experiments
we conclude that this approach is at least competetive
with classical discretizations since it is
computationally simple to implement,
but has the added advantage of
reliable error feedback.
Received June 25, 1995 相似文献
The Lie symmetries of nonlinear diffusion equations with convection term are completely described. The Lie ansatzes and exact solutions of a certain nonlinear generalization of the Murray equation are constructed. An example of the family of non-Lie solutions of the Murray equation is given. 相似文献
Volumetric gas-liquid mass transfer coefficients were measured in suspensions of cellulose fibers with concentrations ranging from 0 to 20 g/L. The mass transfer coefficients were measured using the dynamic method. Results are presented for three different combinations of impellers at a variety of gassing rates and agitation speeds. Rheological properties of the cellulose fibers were also measured using the impeller viscometer method. Tests were conducted in a 20 L stirred-tank fermentor and in 65 L tank with a height to diameter ratio of 3:1. Power consumption was measured in both vessels. At low agitation rates, two Rushton turbines gave 20% better performance than the Rushton and hydrofoil combination and 40% better performance than the Rushton and propeller combination for oxygen transfer. At higher agitation rates, the Rushton and hydrofoil combination gave 14 and 25% better performance for oxygen transfer than two Rushton turbines and the Rushton and hydrofoil combination, respectively.
Loss of p53 function has been correlated with decreased sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation therapy in a variety of human tumors. Comparable analysis of p53 status with sensitivity to oxidative stress induced by pho-todynamic therapy has not been reported. In the current study we examined photosensitivity in human promye-locytic leukemia HL60 cells exhibiting either wild-type p53, mutated p53 or deleted p53 expression. Experiments were performed using a purpurin, tin ethyl etiopurpurin (SnET2)-, or a porphyrin, Photofrin (PH)-based photo-sensitizer. Total SnET2 accumulation was comparable in all three cell lines. Uptake of PH was highest in cells expressing wild-type p53 but incubation conditions could be adjusted to achieve equivalent cellular PH levels during experiments that analyzed photosensitivity. Survival measurements demonstrated that HL60 cells expressing wild-type p53 were more sensitive to PH- and SnET2-mediated photosensitization, as well as to UVC irradiation, when compared to HL60 cells exhibiting deleted or mutated p53 phenotypes. A rapid apoptotic response was observed following purpurin- and porphyrin-induced photosensitization in all cell lines. Results of this study indicate that photosensitivity is increased in HL60 cells expressing wild-type p53 and that photosensitizer-medi-ated oxidative stress can induce apoptosis through a p53-independent mechanism in HL60 cells . 相似文献
Iron uptake of the 57Fe-siderophores ferricrocin, rhizoferrin and citrate in M. smegmatis was analyzed by in situ Mössbauer spectroscopy. Siderophore dependent uptake and metabolic utilization patterns of 57Fe were found. Rhizoferrin is accumulated in the organism and, therefore, represents a suitable candidate for the synthesis of novel siderophore-antibiotics conjugates. 相似文献
A new time integrated method for the study of resonant nuclear scattering of synchrotron radiation in the forward direction
or in Bragg directions is introduced. This method gives in principle similar information as the well known time differential
method. A brief comparison of both methods is presented. The idea is to excite coherently the nuclei incorporated in two absorbers,
one moving with respect to the other. The fields radiated by the nuclei from both absorbers interfere and each time the nuclear
energy in one absorber matches, by Doppler modulation, the nuclear energy of the other, an extremum in the time integrated
intensity is observed. The results of the first experiments at the Advanced Photon Source at the Argonne National Laboratory
will be presented.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献