全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2146篇 |
免费 | 3篇 |
国内免费 | 7篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 793篇 |
晶体学 | 19篇 |
力学 | 154篇 |
数学 | 247篇 |
物理学 | 943篇 |
出版年
2017年 | 11篇 |
2016年 | 15篇 |
2015年 | 14篇 |
2014年 | 15篇 |
2013年 | 83篇 |
2012年 | 39篇 |
2011年 | 58篇 |
2010年 | 36篇 |
2009年 | 48篇 |
2008年 | 59篇 |
2007年 | 68篇 |
2006年 | 54篇 |
2005年 | 62篇 |
2004年 | 76篇 |
2003年 | 74篇 |
2002年 | 83篇 |
2001年 | 55篇 |
2000年 | 60篇 |
1999年 | 53篇 |
1998年 | 39篇 |
1997年 | 37篇 |
1996年 | 33篇 |
1995年 | 35篇 |
1994年 | 31篇 |
1993年 | 33篇 |
1992年 | 29篇 |
1991年 | 29篇 |
1990年 | 35篇 |
1989年 | 32篇 |
1988年 | 29篇 |
1987年 | 53篇 |
1986年 | 35篇 |
1985年 | 48篇 |
1984年 | 45篇 |
1983年 | 35篇 |
1982年 | 45篇 |
1981年 | 38篇 |
1980年 | 36篇 |
1979年 | 35篇 |
1978年 | 29篇 |
1977年 | 30篇 |
1976年 | 25篇 |
1975年 | 22篇 |
1974年 | 18篇 |
1973年 | 30篇 |
1972年 | 14篇 |
1937年 | 10篇 |
1934年 | 10篇 |
1933年 | 10篇 |
1932年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有2156条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
A. M. Santos Ph. Vindevoghel C. Graillat A. Guyot J. Guillot 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1996,34(7):1271-1281
Two methods of analysis, potentiometry and capillary electrophoresis, were used to study the decomposition of potassium persulfate (KPS) in aqueous solutions. The experiments were carried out in a glass reactor equipped with continuous control of temperature and pH during the reaction. The effect of the pH on the decomposition of KPS was investigated. The rate of KPS decomposition in the presence of a variety of additives (surfactants, inhibitor, monomer-like molecules, and monomers), which are used in emulsion polymerization recipes, was also studied over the temperature range of interest. The rate of disappearance of the persulfate ion was greatly increased in the presence of hydroquinone, but changed very little in the presence of surfactants. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
82.
Ph. Quevauviller G. U. Fortunati M. Filippelli F. Baldi M. Bianchi H. Muntau 《应用有机金属化学》1996,10(7):537-544
The results are presented of an interlaboratory study on methylmercury (MeHg) in sediment carried out by a group of European laboratories within the framework of a project managed by the EC Standards, Measurements and Testing Programme (formerly BCR). The aim of this exercise was to evaluate the performance of current methods used for MeHg determination in sediment in order to improve the state-of-the-art prior to the certification of a candidate reference material. The paper describes the organization of the interlaboratory study, the preparation of the sediment material used, the techniques evaluated and the results obtained by the participating laboratories. The outcome of the collaborative project showed that certification could be contemplated, providing that certain analytical techniques were optimized, especially with regard to extraction methods. 相似文献
83.
The separation of the principal inorganic anions (bromide, carbonate, chlorate, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, phosphate) has been achieved using a capillary electrophoresis system with indirect UV detection at 260 nm. Several types of cationic surfactants (quaternary ammonium, phosphonium or methonium) were tested as electroosmotic flow modifiers and added to a chromatebased buffer prepared from potassium dichromate. The influence of many physicochemical parameters such as nature and concentration of cationic surfactant, buffer pH, dichromate concentration buffer, voltage and temperature upon the migration time of an analyte anion, peak efficiency, asymmetry factor, and finally resolution has been investigated. A linear relationship between the corrected area and the anion concentration in the 2.5–50 ppm range was obtained, thus allowing the quantitative analysis of anions in mineral water. Finally, by increasing the hydrodynamic injection time, the separation of inorganic anions at a low concentration level of 50 ng/ml was achieved without any loss of resolution. 相似文献
84.
B. Liebl H. Mückter Ph.-T. Nguyen E. Doklea S. Islambouli B. Fichtl W. Forth 《应用有机金属化学》1995,9(7):531-540
We have compared the acute toxicities of the trivalent arsenic species arsenite, oxophenylarsine (PhAsO), 2-chlorovinyloxoarsine (ClvinAsO), methyloxoarsine (MeAsO), and of the pentavalent arsenic species arsenate, methyl- and phenyl-arsonic acid in rat kidney tubules (RKT) and Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. In RKT, PhAsO (1 μmol I−1, 60 min) almost completely (>90%) blocked gluconeogenesis without affecting cell viability as assessed by dye exclusion. In MDCK cells, PhAsO (2 μmol I−1) markedly inhibited glucose uptake (60% of controls) within 30 min, while cell viability, as assessed by formazan formation, was not affected within 180 min. MeAsO and CIvinAsO were similarly effective to PhAsO in both RKT and MDCK cells. Estimated IC50 values for the inhibition of gluconeogenesis were 0.55 (PhAsO), 0.69 (CIvinAsO) and 0.99 μmol I−1 (MeAsO) and for the inhibition of glucose uptake 1.23 (PhAsO). 2.62 (CIvinAsO) and 6.99 μmol I−1 (MeAsO). At longer storage times, aqueous solutions of MeAsO and of CIvinAsO, but not of PhAsO, gradually lost toxic activity in RKT and MDCK cells, especially at alkaline pH. Concomitantly, a gradual decrease in content as assessed by HPLC was detected. Roughly 10-fold higher concentrations of arsenite than of PhAsO were required for comparable effects on gluconeogenesis in RKT, whereas in MDCK cells about 100-fold higher concentrations were needed for similar inhibition of glucose uptake. Pentavalent arsenate and phenylarsonate were two orders of magnitude less effective than PhAsO in RKT, while methylarsonate had virtually no influence on gluconeogenic activity. In MDCK cells the pentavalent arsenic species showed effects only in the millimolar range. It is concluded (1) that different mechanisms are involved in the acute toxicity of oxoarsines and inorganic arsenic and (2) that PhAsO offers advantages as a model substance for mono-substituted trivalent arsenicals, because it is more stable and more readily detectable. 相似文献
85.
(R)-(+) and (S)-(-)-benzyl malolactonates were copolymerized anionically by using triethylamine and aluminum porphyrin as initiators. Configurational composition of resulting optically active poly(benzyl β-malate) stereocopolymers depends on the enantiomeric purity in the monomer feed. Stereochemistry during the multistep synthesis starting from aspartic acid enantiomers used as precursors is discussed. It is shown that natural L(+)-aspartic acid yields (-)-poly(benzyl β-malate) which degrades to L(-)-malic acid in alkaline aqueous medium. Configurational structures were investigated by 13C NMR (75.47 MHz) and splittings of stereosensitive resonances are discussed in terms of stereosequence distributions. Results show that stereocopolymerization proceeds through random addition of chiral repeating units according to Bernoullian statistics. In order to exemplify the effect of enantiomeric composition on physical properties, thermal characteristics have been investigated by DSC for the whole series of stereocopolymers. Samples with more than 70% (S) or (R)-units are semicrystalline. Melting temperature and crystallinity increase with stereoregularity. 相似文献
86.
87.
C. Magron Ph. Alfaurt B. Blank L. Daudin T. Eronen M. Gerbaux J. Giovinazzo D. Gorelov S. Grévy H. Guérin J. Hakala V. S. Kolhinen J. Koponen T. Kurtukian Nieto I. D. Moore H. Penttilä I. Pohjalainen J. Reinikainen M. Reponen S. Rinta-Antila M. Roche A. de Roubin N. Smirnova B. Thomas A. Voss L. Xayavong 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2017,53(4):77
88.
We consider the problem on the stability and instability of the equilibrium in the vertical plane for a wheeled vehicle performing
a uniform rectilinear motion in the presence of rolling friction forces. We assume that the dependence of the rolling friction
coefficients on the motion velocity is known and derive necessary and sufficient conditions on the system parameters under
which such equilibria are stable. 相似文献
89.
We prove some invariance principles for processes which generalize FARIMA processes, when the innovations are in the domain of attraction of a nonGaussian stable distribution. The limiting processes are extensions of the fractional Lévy processes. The technique used is interesting in itself; it extends an older idea of splitting a sample into a central part and an extreme one, analyzing each part with different techniques, and then combining the results. This technique seems to have the potential to be useful in other problems in the domain of nonGaussian stable distributions. 相似文献
90.
I. Nedkov L. Slavov T. Merodiiska P. Lukanov Ph. Tailhades M. Gougeon R. E. Vandenberghe 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2008,10(5):877-880
Ferrofluids based on two types of hybrid particles Fe3O4/β-cyclodextrin were prepared: Using monodomain (below 60 nm) magnetite nanoparticles with (A) non-superparamagnetic (non-SPM)
behaviour and (B) with superparamagnetic (SPM) behaviour. We found a strong dependence of the hybrid particles’ magnetic properties
on their size and homogeneity. In both types of ferrofluids we observed hyperthermia upon applying an ac electromagnetic field
with frequency 40 kHz and amplitude 30 kA/m. The maximal ΔТ upon irradiation with duration of about 12 min for the non-SPM particles was 12 °C, while for the SPM ones it was 3.5 °C. 相似文献