Determination of Calcium,Magnesium, Iron,Copper, Zinc,and Phosphorus in Blood Serum by Arc Atomic Emission Spectrometry

The results of the elemental analysis of blood serum are often used for the diagnosis of different diseases associated with derangements of mineral metabolism. In this work, we studied the main sources of a systematic error in the atomic-emission spectrometric (AES) analysis of blood serum and developed a procedure for the AES determination of Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, P, and Zn in the human blood serum. The repeatability relative standard deviations of determinations varied from 10 to 24%.     

Quasi-ballistic electron transport in quantum wires

Electron transport in a three-dimensional quantum wire is analyzed by taking into account electron scattering by a single point impurity. It is shown that the magnetoconductance plotted versus chemical potential μ has narrow peaks and closely located peaks separated by a dip when the scattering length is positive and negative, respectively. The peaks lie near the conductance steps. The thermopower plotted versus μ has narrow peaks and closely located peaks separated by a dip when the scattering length is positive and negative, respectively.     

Performance evaluation of fiber Bragg grating sensors by digital holographic technique, strain gauge measurement

In view of the growing interest for non-destructive tests of materials, geodynamical monitoring and in general remote sensing, there is a great effort to bring practical optical sensors from research labs to industrial and environmental applications. In this paper, we employ digital holographic technique as an efficient tool for evaluating the strain measurement capability of fiber Bragg gratings (FBG). A cantilever beam has been employed as a test structure under loading test. The strain measurements results obtained by fiber-based sensors have been compared to those obtained by using full-field digital holographic technique and point-wise strain gauge sensors glued on the same cantilever beam. A simple theoretical model is also presented to interpret and compare the experimental results coming from different techniques.     

Determination of electron temperature based on a semicoronal model in Hall accelerator plasma flows

We present the results of a spectroscopic study of a nonequilibrium plasma in a Hall accelerator, in particular for such an important parameter as the electron temperature. For the studied conditions, we used the semicoronal equilibrium model, which relates the intensity ratios for two successive ionization steps for the same element. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 74, No. 1, pp. 93–96, January–February, 2007.     

Phase liquid-crystalline transitions in hydroxypropylcellulose-ethanol and hydroxypropylcellulose-acetic acid systems under deformation

The phase transitions and phase state of hydroxypropylcellulose mixtures with ethanol and acetic acid under static conditions and in the shear field have been studied by the turbidity-point method and polarization microscopy with the use of a polarization-photoelectric setup and a modified plastoviscometer. The deformation of solutions leads to a decrease in the temperature of mesomorphic phase formation and to a change in the type of liquid crystals from cholesteric to nematic.     

Structural-morphological and biological properties of selenium nanoparticles stabilized by bovine serum albumin

Nanostructures formed during the reduction of ionic selenium in the selenite-ascorbate redox system in an aqueous solution of bovine serum albumin (BSA) were studied using static and dynamic light scattering and flow birefringence. It was established that this process results in the formation of stable aggregates of selenium nanoparticles that adsorb BSA molecules. It was found that highly-ordered superhigh-molecular-weight spherical nanostructures with high density and unique morphology are formed. Experiments with a cell culture of promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 showed that BSA adsorbed on selenium nanoparticles can inhibit the growth of tumor cells and deactivate free radicals with an efficiency comparable with that of sodium selenite.