Stability criterion for dissipative soliton solutions of the one-, two-, and three-dimensional complex cubic-quintic Ginzburg-Landau equations

The generation and nonlinear dynamics of multidimensional optical dissipative solitonic pulses are examined. The variational method is extended to complex dissipative systems, in order to obtain steady state solutions of the (D + 1)-dimensional complex cubic-quintic Ginzburg-Landau equation (D = 1, 2, 3). A stability criterion is established fixing a domain of dissipative parameters for stable steady state solutions. Following numerical simulations, evolution of any input pulse from this domain leads to stable dissipative solitons.     

Spectrophotometric Study of Catechol Oxidation by Aerial O2 in Alkaline Aqueous Solutions Containing Mg(II) Ions.

Electronic absorption spectroscopy was employed to study the aerial oxidation of catechol (1,2-benzenediol) in alkaline aqueous solution containing an excess of Mg(II) ions. Graphical analysis by the matrix method of UV spectra recorded at regular time intervals gave a good fit for two absorbing species in solution. Based on this result and our earlier ESR spectroscopic investigations we concluded that two main absorbing species in this system are Mg(II)-spin stabilized o-benzosemiquinone anion radical and C-C dimer formed by the nucleophilic attack of catecholate anion on o-benzoquinone. Although the formation of 1,2,4-benzenetriol during the catechol oxidation has been detected in some ESR studies its presence was not indicated by this analysis probably because of the low and/or stable steady state concentration throughout the experiment.     

Vibrational Structure of the B—X System of Isotopic Ago Molecules

Spectra of ¹⁰⁷Ag¹⁸O and ¹⁰⁷Ag¹⁶O molecules have been obtained in a low-pressure arc in oxygen atmosphere, and recorded with medium dispersion. Vibrational assignments for the bands of B ²π —X²π system were verified by the study of the oxygen isotope effect, and the vibrational constants were obtained for the states involved in transitions.     

Strong coupling in a microcavity LED

Thin films of polyelectrolyte/J aggregate dye bilayers with high absorption coefficient (6 nm thick with alpha approximately equal to 1.0 x 10(6) cm(-1)) inserted in an optical microcavity enable the cavity quantum electrodynamic strong coupling limit to be reached at room temperature with a coupling strength (Rabi splitting) of 265 +/- 15 meV. By embedding these films in a resonant cavity organic LED structure, we demonstrate the first emissive electrically pumped exciton-polariton device.     

Superconducting microwave cavity towards controlling the motion of polar molecules

We propose the use of superconducting microwave cavities for the focusing and deceleration of cold polar molecular beams. A superconducting cavity with a high quality factor produces a large ac Stark shift in polar molecules, which allow us to efficiently control molecular motion. Our discussion is based on the experimental characterization of a prototype cavity: a lead–tin-coated cylindrical copper cavity, which has a quality factor of 10⁶ and tolerates several watts of input power. Such a microwave device provides a powerful way to control molecules not only in low-field-seeking states, but also in high-field-seeking states such as the ground rotational state.     

Fundamental limitations to gain enhancement in periodic media and waveguides

A common strategy to compensate for losses in optical nanostructures is to add gain material in the system. By exploiting slow-light effects it is expected that the gain may be enhanced beyond its bulk value. Here we show that this route cannot be followed uncritically: inclusion of gain inevitably modifies the underlying dispersion law, and thereby may degrade the slow-light properties underlying the device operation and the anticipated gain enhancement itself. This degradation is generic; we demonstrate it for three different systems of current interest (coupled-resonator optical waveguides, Bragg stacks, and photonic crystal waveguides). Nevertheless, a small amount of added gain may be beneficial.     

A new microcontroller-based RADFET dosimeter reader

A new reader for radiation dose measurements using RADFET (pMOSFET) dosemeters has been developed. The threshold voltage (V_T) of the pMOSFETs is measured using a “one-point” method that determines V_T as the gate voltage for a given drain current. Using V_T, the absorbed dose, which is directly proportional to the threshold voltage shift, is calculated. The reader is based on a low cost 8-bit PIC 18F4520 microcontroller (MCU), and works independently of a personal computer, uses a touch screen and stores the data in microcontroller memory. Good agreement in threshold voltage values, obtained using a high-quality source-measure unit and the reader, was obtained. In addition, the reader can be used for threshold voltage measurement with other types of MOSFETs, especially in long duration experiments, as well as for the real-time measurements in radiotherapy, either as an autonomous system or integrated in a larger monitoring configuration.     

Comment on: “Questions concerning the generalized Hartman effect” [Phys. Lett. A 375 (2011) 3259]

In this comment, we show that the arguments against the applicability of stationary phase method (SPM) for tunneling time calculations, presented in Letter “Questions concerning the generalized Hartman effect” are not valid for small wave packet energy widths.     

Extreme-ultraviolet harmonic generation near 13 nm with a two-color elliptically polarized laser field

Theoretical results for high-harmonic generation by a two-color elliptically polarized laser field are presented. Special emphasis is placed on coherent radiation near 13 nm in connection with the development of extreme-ultraviolet lithography. Linearly polarized radiation at this wavelength can be obtained with a linearly polarized bichromatic laser field, whereas circularly polarized radiation can be generated with a bichromatic circularly polarized field with counterrotating coplanar components. In both cases the harmonic emission efficiencies at the saturation intensity are more than 1 order of magnitude larger than for harmonic generation with a monochromatic linearly polarized field.