活性粉末混凝土力学性能及基本构件设计理论研究进展

对活性粉末混凝土(RPC)的基本力学性能的研究发展与基本构件设计理论的研究成果做了较为全面地评述.在分析研究活性粉末混凝土的工程与理论意义的基础上,先后介绍了RPC试件的基本力学性能、各组成原材料含量对试件力学性能的影响、动态载荷作用下的力学性能、RPC基本构件的设计理论等.对研究中的不足与亟待解决的问题做了综合分析,RPC基本构件设计理论与框架结构的破坏特性研究是未来一段时期内较为有意义的研究方向.      

副猪嗜血杆菌的MLST分析及数据库建立

对副猪嗜血杆菌86个分离株的7个看家基因,包括ATP合成酶β链(atpD)、翻译起始因子IF-2(in-fB)、核糖体蛋白β亚基(rpoB)、苹果酸脱氢酶(mdh)、6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶(6pgd)、3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(g3pd)和延胡索酸还原酶B(frdB)进行了PCR扩增;对扩增产物进行了测序;对序列编辑、队列     

Adsorption of Anionic Dyes onto Chitosan-modified Diatomite

The purpose of this work is to study the possibility of anionic dyes Reactive Red M-8B(RR) and Direct Green B(DG) adsorbed on chitosan-modified diatomite. The characteristics of adsorbent, adsorption isotherms and the influence of adsorption time, temperature and pH were researched in this work. The results show that the mo- dified diatomite had a much better adsorption capability than the natural diatomite. The adsorption capacities of chitosan-modified diatomite for RR and DG were 94.46 and 137.0 mg/g, respectively. Both adsorption time and adsorption temperature provided a positive effect on the dye adsorption. Within the experimental pH range, the adsorbance was enhanced at lower pH but reduced sharply at high pH. On the basis of the experimental results and discussion, electrostatic attraction is considered as the main mechanism of this chemisorption.     

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Pyrochlore Titanate R2Ti2O7(R=Gd3+, Tb3+, Dy3+)

Pyrochlore titanate oxides, R2Ti2O7(R=Gd3+, Tb3+, Dy3+), were synthesized under mild hydrothermal conditions. The crystal growth of pyrochlore titanate oxides and taking place of chemical reaction in the hydrothermal processing were sensitive to the alkalinity, temperature, reaction time, the nature of the rare earth ion and the composition of initial reaction mixture. The as-prepared samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectrum and variable temperature dc magnetic susceptibility(SQUIDS). The magnetic studies gave 7.29×10–23 A•m2/Gd3+ and –8.28 K, 8.75×10–23 A•m2 /Tb3+ and –19.7 K, and 8.85×10–23 A•m2/Dy3+ and 0.84 K effective moments and Weiss constants for Gd2Ti2O7, Tb2Ti2O7 and Dy2Ti2O7, respectively.     

多孔不锈钢基二氧化锰薄膜电极的制备及电容特性

用电化学方法制备了一种多孔不锈钢基二氧化锰薄膜电极。 在不锈钢基体上以聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚（Triton X-100）在水溶液中形成的液晶作掩膜,通过电化学腐蚀制备了多孔基体电极,用恒电位方法在基体上沉积二氧化锰薄膜。 用扫描电子显微镜对二氧化锰薄膜电极形貌进行了考察,循环伏安法和充放电曲线法测试了二氧化锰薄膜电极的电容。 结果表明,腐蚀后的不锈钢基体呈现多孔特征,孔分布无规律,孔径大小从几十纳米到几百纳米不等,沉积的二氧化锰呈颗粒状,直径为80~90 nm。 扫描速率为20 mV/s,沉积电量0.4 C/cm2时,循环伏安法测得的二氧化锰薄膜电极的质量比电容达400 F/g;沉积电量4~5 C/cm2时,面积比电容达到320 ×10-3 F/cm2,此时的质量比电容仍保持在200 F/g左右。 实验结果表明,多孔不锈钢基二氧化锰薄膜电极在超级电容器领域有潜在的应用前景。     

溅射功率对脉冲磁控溅射沉积Cu2O薄膜结构和光学性能的影响

利用脉冲磁控溅射制备技术,采用单质金属铜靶作为溅射靶,在氧气(O2)和氩气(Ar)的混合气氛下,在石英玻璃衬底上制备了Cu2O薄膜.研究了溅射功率对脉冲反应磁控溅射沉积法在室温下对生长Cu2O薄膜结构、表面形貌及光学性能的影响.结果表明,在O2、Ar流量比(O2/Ar)为30∶80的气氛条件下,在60～90 W的溅射功率范围内可获得＜ 111＞取向的Cu2O薄膜;薄膜的表面粗糙度的均方根值随溅射功率的增加而增大;薄膜的光谱吸收范围为300 ～670 nm,不同溅射功率下制备的薄膜均在430 nm附近出现明显的带边吸收,其光学带隙(Eg)在2.15～2.53 eV之间变化.     

基于CVD自组装生长氧化锌半导体纳米结构的光电导紫外探测器研究

报道了一种基于自组装生长ZnO纳米结构的光电导型紫外探测器.首先,在石英衬底上制备银叉指电极,然后溅射ZnO纳米薄膜形成一种共面光电导型金属-半导体-金属(MSM)结构,再利用低压CVD生长方法进行ZnO纳米线的原位生长,从而在器件顶部形成了ZnO纳米线垂直阵列和其上交错排列ZnO纳米线所构成的双层ZnO纳米线结构.这种器件底部的ZnO薄膜既是MSM光电导器件的电荷传输层,也同时作为上层ZnO纳米结构自组装生长的籽晶层,顶部的ZnO纳米结构层作为紫外光敏感层,测试结果表明该器件具有光响应速度快、光响应电流大和良好的紫外响应可分辨特性.研究表明,相比于单根ZnO纳米线光电导紫外器件而言,基于ZnO纳米结构膜层的光电导紫外探测器能够大幅度提高可测光响应电流.     

基于近红外光谱的淡水鱼新鲜度在线检测方法研究

新鲜度是反映鱼类品质以及可否食用的重要指标,在线检测直接关系到食品质量与安全的实施应用,因此对淡水鱼新鲜度进行在线无损检测具有重要意义。应用近红外光谱对淡水鱼新鲜度进行在线检测,试验装置采用自行搭建的淡水鱼近红外光谱在线采集装置,试验时样品在输送链上以0.5 m·s-1的速度运动,采集其近红外漫反射光谱(900～2 500 nm),并用支持向量机(support vector machine, SVM)建立淡水鱼新鲜度在线检测模型。采用光谱理化值共生距离(sample set partitioning based on joint X-Y distance algorithm, SPXY)算法对样本集进行划分,其中校正集111条(新鲜57条,变质54条)、测试集37条(新鲜19条,变质18条),通过对比不同的光谱预处理方法对预测结果的影响,明确了一阶导结合标准化预处理为最优光谱预处理方法,经过该方法预处理后所建模型对校正集的正确识别率为97.96%,对测试集的识别率为95.92%。为了提高模型运行速度对建模所用光谱变量进行优化,分别采用遗传算法(genetic algorithm, GA)、连续投影算法(successive projection algorithm, SPA)和竞争性自适应重加权算法(competitive adaptive reweighed sampling algorithm, CARS) 三种不同的特征变量选择方法对特征波长进行筛选,通过建模比较分析确定CARS为最优波长选择方法,以所选的10个特征波长建立淡水鱼新鲜度支持向量机检测模型,模型对校正集的正确识别率为100%,对测试集的识别率为93.88%。该研究可为近红外光谱用于淡水鱼新鲜度在线检测提供技术支持。     

地方公共财政绩效评估指标体系的构建及其应用

在公共财政透明化和高效化的改革要求下,公共财政绩效评估将逐渐日常化和规范化,而科学、有效的公共财政绩效评估核心在于指标体系的构建。基于层次分析法,从公共财政体系的财政收入、财政支出、财政制度、财政管理四个维度构建了一个地方公共财政绩效评估指标体系。结合该指标体系在江西省的实际应用,发现它能客观有效的评价样本政府的公共财政建设情况。     

Neutron collimator design of neutron radiography basedon the BNCT facility

For the research of CCD neutron radiography, a neutron collimator was designed based on the exit of thermal neutron of the Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) reactor. Based on the Geant4 simulations, the preliminary choice of the size of the collimator was determined. The materials were selected according to the literature data. Then, a collimator was constructed and tested on site. The results of experiment and simulation show that the thermal neutron flux at the end of the neutron collimator is greater than 1.0·10⁶ n/cm²/s, the maximum collimation ratio (L/D) is 58, the Cd-ratio(Mn) is 160 and the diameter of collimator end is 10 cm. This neutron collimator is considered to be applicable for neutron radiography.