分析化学课程网上实践教学的组织与实施

针对当前在远程教育平台开展实验实训教学中存在的矛盾,以分析化学为例,充分利用现代通信技术和教育的结合,在实验教学中设计多媒体、视频、虚拟仿真实验室、实验拓展设计等4大资源模块。并从网上平台设计、组织与实施、教学质量保障、效果评价等方面进行论述,探索如何构建高效的分析化学网上实践教学课堂,以满足远程教育实验教学发展的需要,为广大的自学者学习技能建立良好的学习平台。     

基于离子印迹聚合物微球固相萃取/微波等离子体发射光谱法测定地表水中痕量铅

建立了地表水中痕量Pb~(2+)的离子印迹聚合物固相萃取/微波等离子体发射光谱测定方法(IISPE/MP-AES)。以Pb~(2+)为模板离子,采用皮克林乳液聚合法制备离子印迹聚合物微球(IIPMs),填装成固相萃取柱对样品中Pb~(2+)进行富集。IIPMs的平均粒径为26.6μm,表面分布有丰富的具特异性吸附性能的多孔状结构,等温吸附实验表明其对Pb~(2+)的吸附属于单分子层吸附。通过对IIPMs固相萃取柱的性能及最优富集条件进行考察,样品富集后采用5%HNO_3洗脱,IIPMs固相萃取柱对水中Pb~(2+)的最大富集倍数为250倍,可重复利用12次以上;在最优萃取条件下,方法的检出限为0.26μg/L,实际地表水样的加标回收率为92.4%~98.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)不大于4.1%。IIPMs固相萃取与MP-AES联用可用于地表水中痕量Pb~(2+)的准确测定。     

Chemical synthesis and structural analysis of guanylate cyclase C agonist linaclotide

Linaclotide and its D-enantiomer were obtained through Fmoc solid phase peptide synthesis method and co-crystalized through racemic crystallization. The crystal structure showed that linaclotide has a tight, three-beta turns structure immobilized by three pairs of disulfide bonds.     

Trueness verification survey for blood lead concentration measurement in Chinese clinical laboratories

Accreditation and Quality Assurance - The results of trueness verification for blood lead measurement were analyzed in a 2016 nationwide external quality assessment (EQA) survey, in order to...     

低阶煤热萃取物与瘦煤共炭化焦炭的微观结构及显微强度研究

以众唯瘦煤作为主炼焦煤,大同长焰煤萃取物作为添加剂,进行共炭化处理制备坩埚焦。利用偏光显微镜法定量研究焦炭光学显微组分,获得焦炭的各向异性指数(DRAS);采用XRD及分峰拟合的方法研究了焦炭的微晶粒径(L_c)、芳香缩合度(I_a)、石墨化度(g);利用Raman光谱结合分峰拟合的方法研究了焦炭中理想石墨微晶含量(I_g)。对所得焦炭的光学显微组分进行定量分析发现:大同长焰煤热解萃取产物的添加对共炭化焦炭的光学显微组分有显著的影响,利用偏光显微镜法计算出焦炭的DRAS与XRD和Raman计算的焦炭微晶参数呈现很好一致性。并且,焦炭的显微强度与其微观结构关联性极大。     

抚顺油页岩干酪根热解反应性分子动力学-量子力学模拟

采用MS（Materials Studio 2017）软件中Forcite模块,对自主构建的抚顺油页岩干酪根二维结构模型进行能量最小化分子动力学模拟,通过能量最优化过程得到干酪根初始优化结构。在此基础上进行分子动力学退火模拟,获得全局能量最优化构型,即油页岩干酪根分子三维结构模型。基于密度泛函理论的量子力学模拟方法,计算分析干酪根三维结构模型的动力学、键能、键级、电荷密度等参数,分析化学活性位点,探讨了干酪根热解微观化学演化机理,进而预测了反应性。     

The first synthesis of biatriosporin D

Biatriosporin D was synthesized in six steps from 3,5-dimethoxyphenol. The key step was an intramolecular Friedel-Crafts cyclization of an acyl imidazolide to form an ortho-quinone.     

双矿化剂对合成ZSM-5分子筛酸性和织构特征及其甲醇转化制丙烯催化性能的影响

采用静态水热法在F^--OH^-体系中,以四丙基氢氧化铵为模板剂、偏铝酸钠为铝源、正硅酸乙酯为硅源,合成了纳米SiO₂-ZSM-5分子筛,考察了F^-/Al₂O₃物质的量比对所合成的ZSM-5分子筛织构性质和甲醇转化制丙烯催化性能的影响。结果发现,随着初始溶胶F^-/Al₂O₃物质的量比的增大,产物中SiO₂的含量增大,ZSM-5分子筛的相对结晶度有所降低;同时,分子筛的比表面积和孔容减小、酸强度降低、酸量减少。对于甲醇转化制丙烯,最佳F^-/Al₂O₃物质的量比为12;此时,丙烯选择性高于45%,丙烯/乙烯（P/E）比值大于10。反应机理分析表明,过渡态择形选择性是控制烯烃选择性的重要因素。     

One‐Step Synthesis of Hybrid Core–Shell Metal–Organic Frameworks

Epitaxial growth of MOF‐on‐MOF composite is an evolving research topic in the quest for multifunctional materials. In previously reported methods, the core–shell MOFs were synthesized via a stepwise strategy that involved growing the shell‐MOFs on top of the preformed core‐MOFs with matched lattice parameters. However, the inconvenient stepwise synthesis and the strict lattice‐matching requirement have limited the preparation of core–shell MOFs. Herein, we demonstrate that hybrid core–shell MOFs with mismatching lattices can be synthesized under the guidance of nucleation kinetic analysis. A series of MOF composites with mesoporous core and microporous shell were constructed and characterized by optical microscopy, powder X‐ray diffraction, gas sorption measurement, and scanning electron microscopy. Isoreticular expansion of microporous shells and orthogonal modification of the core was realized to produce multifunctional MOF composites, which acted as size selective catalysts for olefin epoxidation with high activity and selectivity.     

Dynamic Ultralong Organic Phosphorescence by Photoactivation

Smart materials with ultralong phosphorescence are rarely investigated and reported. Herein we report on a series of molecules with unique dynamic ultralong organic phosphorescence (UOP) features, enabled by manipulating intermolecular interactions through UV light irradiation. Our experimental data reveal that prolonged irradiation of single‐component organic phosphors of PCzT, BCzT, and FCzT under ambient conditions can activate UOP with emission lifetimes spanning from 1.8 to 1330 ms. These phosphors can also be deactivated back to their original states with short‐lived phosphorescence by UV irradiation for 3 h at room temperature or through thermal treatment. Additionally, the dynamic UOP was applied successfully for a visual anti‐counterfeiting application. These findings may provide unique insight into dynamic molecular motion for optical processing and expand the scope of smart‐response materials for broader applications.