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121.
The use of a diffraction grating as a dispersive one-dimensional beam expander with variable expansion ratio is described. The idea is applied to intracavity beam expansion in a dye laser cavity containing two gratings in a tandem configuration. By varying the beam expansion ratio up to 60 the laser linewidth may be reduced continously down to 0.1 cm-1. Linewidth calculations based on single pass estimates are presented and found to agree with experimental results. 相似文献
122.
Bilinear response theory is extended and applied to a fluid of non-spherical molecules in a gravitational field and with time independent different temperatures on its upper and lower boundaries. The spectral line-shape of the depolarized component in a light-scattering experiment is worked out. It is found that there are two dips in the central peak and that one of these dips becomes infinitely sharp as the external constraints approach their critical values. It is hoped that this kind of experiment will provide relevant information about the dynamics of fluctuations near hydrodynamical instabilities. 相似文献
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125.
Although patents are an important source for information on microorganisms, a survey disclosed that catalogs from culture collection depositories are unreliable in relating the availability with the microorganisms disclosed in a patent. 相似文献
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127.
Horodecki M Horodecki K Horodecki P Horodecki R Oppenheim J Sen De A Sen U 《Physical review letters》2003,90(10):100402
A new paradigm for distributed quantum systems where information is a valuable resource is developed. After finding a unique measure for information, we construct a scheme for its manipulation in analogy with entanglement theory. In this scheme, instead of maximally entangled states, two parties distill local states. We show that, surprisingly, the main tools of entanglement theory are general enough to work in this opposite scheme. Up to plausible assumptions, we show that the amount of information that must be lost during the protocol of concentration of local information can be expressed as the relative entropy distance from some special set of states. 相似文献
128.
A kinetic theory of resonant interaction between electrostatic waves and the bounce motion of electrostatically trapped electrons is developed. Precise criteria are derived for the stability of electrostatic potential structures which trap electrons in a highly magnetized plasma. The theory explains the energy transfer from electron phase space holes to waves observed in simulations. It may also account for the destabilization of electrostatic waves propagating obliquely to the geomagnetic field and some characteristics of the holes as observed in the auroral ionosphere. 相似文献
129.
The Mori formalism is used to study generalized transport coefficients in two dimensions. All finite multilinear products of the single particle density and momentum density comprise the set of the variables in the calculation of the self-diffusion coefficient. A self-consistent equation, which is a non-linear integral equation, is obtained for the leading asymptotic behavior of the generalized self-diffusion coefficient. An asymptotic solution is presented which for small wavevector (k) and frequency (s) behaves like , where D has the dimensions of a diffusion coefficient. The mean square and mean fourth displacements of a tagged particle are also calculated. The long time behavior of the momentum correlation function exhibits a tail of the form whose coefficient is dependent of the intermolecular potential. 相似文献
130.
Irwin Oppenheim 《Journal of statistical physics》1995,78(3-4):1181-1181