The spin turning in ferromagnetic Gd studied by positive muons

We have studied the muon precession frequency in a ferromagnetic single crystal of Gd metal. The overall features of our findings are compatible with earlier results on polycrystalline material. In the temperature region between 245 and 220 K where the Gd magnetization starts to turn away from the c-axis, we observe an increase in the muon depolarization rate, and a complex precession signal which can be separated into two frequency components meaning that spin turning does not occur simultaneously in different parts of the sample (domains). From these more detailed data follows that previously obtained values forB _fc andB _dip can not both be correct. Two explanations for our new result are possible: EitherB _fc undergoes a change around 230 K which is directly coupled to the spin turning angle, or the value of the dipolar field contribution used in the earlier evaluation is too low. This imposes some uncertainty as to the value of the angle at the onset of spin turning derived fromSR frequencies.     

Phase transition in a four-dimensional random walk with application to medical statistics

A random walk in a piecewise homogeneous medium can exhibit a variety of asymptotic behaviors. In particular, it may lodge strictly in one region or divide in probability among several. This will depend upon the parameters describing (a) the walk, (b) the interregion boundary, and (c) the initial location of the walk. We analyze from this point of view a special four-dimensional walk on an integer lattice with two homogeneous regions separated by a hyperplane of codimension 1. The walk represents a continuing sequence of clinical trials of two drugs of unknown success probabilities and the two regions represent the Bayes-derived criterion as to which drug to try next. The demarcation in the parameter space of success probabilities and initial coordinates between one- and two-region asymptotics is mapped out analytically in several special cases and supporting numerical evidence given in the general case.     

Interaction of relativistic alpha particles in emulsion at 2.1 GeV/c/nucleon

An analysis for 2,000 events produced by 2.1 GeV/c/n alpha particles in nuclear emulsion has been carried out. Multiplicity and angular distributions of charged secondaries have been measured and correlation among them are discussed. The presented data are compared with relevant values from proton and¹⁴N interactions with nuclei. The multiplicity distribution of showers has been tested by a modified independent nucleon-nucleus multiple scattering model (INAM) of reference [8], and by the model of reference [12].     

Positive pion photoproduction from hydrogen at photon energies between 500 MeV and 1,400 MeV in forward direction

The differential cross section of the reactionγ+p→π ⁺ was measured at pion CM-angles of 20° and 30° for photon energies between 500 MeV and 1,400 MeV. The pions were detected in a magnetic spectrometer. By measuring each pion trajectory and by offline calculation of the initial pion parameters an energy resolution of about 2.5% FWHM was achieved. The results complete a set of data which were measured in recent years at the Bonn 2.5 GeV synchrotron. In comparison to photoproduction analyses two effects were revealed: The η cusp appears in the energy dependence of the cross section as a sharp drop atK _γ=710 MeV. In the region of the third resonance the data show a greater enhancement than predicted by most of the analyses.     

Diffractive proteon fragmentation in 16, 32, and 110 GeV/cK − p interactions and the diffractive production of heavy quarks(s\bar s,c\bar c)

The inclusive proton diffraction dissociation cross sections in 16, 32, and 110 GeV/cK ^? p interactions are determined from the spike nearx=1 in the inclusive negative particle spectra and are compared to those obtained inK?p interactions using other selection methods at various energies. The same procedure is applied to events containing aV ⁰ in order to obtain the cross section for diffractive \(s\bar s\) production. While the total cross section for proton diffraction is found to be approximately constant in the energy range studied here, proton diffraction yielding an \(s\bar s - pair\) is found to increase significantly. In particular it is almost constant at 85 μb forΛ ⁰ and Σ production but for \(NK\bar K\) it rises from zero at 16 GeV.c to about 200 μb at 110 GeV/c. From the result for \(s\bar s\) diffractive production an estimate for the \(c\bar c\) diffractive production cross section of approximately 1–10 μb at 110 GeV/c is obtained.