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51.
Takano Yuichi Ishii Nobuaki Muraki Masaaki 《Central European Journal of Operations Research》2017,25(2):303-323
Central European Journal of Operations Research - In competitive bidding for project contracts, contractors estimate the cost of completing a project and then determine the bid price. Accordingly,... 相似文献
52.
Soh N Tanaka M Hirakawa K Zhang R Nakajima H Nakano K Imato T 《Analytical sciences》2011,27(11):1069-1076
Sequential injection immunoassay systems for environmental measurements based on the selective immunoreaction between antigen and antibody were described. A sequential injection analysis (SIA) technique is suitable to be applied for the procedure of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), because the washing and the addition of reagent solutions can be automated by using a computer-controlled syringe pump and switching valve. We selected vitellogenin (Vg), which is a biomarker for evaluating environmental risk caused by endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the hydrosphere, and linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) and alkylphenol polyethoxylates (APEO), which are versatile surfactants, as target analytes in the flow immunoassay systems. For Vg monitoring, SIA systems based on spectrophotometric, chemiluminescence, and electrochemical determinations were constructed. On the other hand, chemiluminescence determination was applied to the detection of LAS and APEO. For APEO, an SIA system combined with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor was also developed. These new sequential injection immunoassay systems are expected to be useful systems for environmental analysis. 相似文献
53.
Perylene bisimide (PBI) is a fluorescent dye which has strong emission and high photostability. Although PBI has been widely used for industrial materials, the application of PBI in analytical fields was limited mainly due to its high hydrophobicity. In recent years, however, unique and useful analytical methods based on PBI platform are being successfully developed by utilizing the characteristic features of this compound including its high hydrophobicity. In this article, the recent trend of environmental and biological analysis using PBI is reviewed. 相似文献
54.
A silver-catalyzed carbomagnesiation of alkynes with alkyl halides and Grignard reagents afforded alkenyl Grignard reagents regioselectively, where the alkyl group of the alkyl halide, but not that of the Grignard reagent, was introduced into the alkyne. Application to δ-haloalkylacetylenes yielded cyclopentanes or a tetrahydrofuran containing an exo-methylene substituent via 5-exo-dig cyclization. 相似文献
55.
In the first part, we have constructed several families of interacting wedge-local nets of von Neumann algebras. In particular, we discovered a family of models based on the endomorphisms of the U(1)-current algebra ${\mathcal{A} ^{(0)}}$ of Longo-Witten. In this second part, we further investigate endomorphisms and interacting models. The key ingredient is the free massless fermionic net, which contains the U(1)-current net as the fixed point subnet with respect to the U(1) gauge action. Through the restriction to the subnet, we construct a new family of Longo-Witten endomorphisms on ${\mathcal{A} ^{(0)}}$ and accordingly interacting wedge-local nets in two-dimensional spacetime. The U(1)-current net admits the structure of particle numbers and the S-matrices of the models constructed here do mix the spaces with different particle numbers of the bosonic Fock space. 相似文献
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The signal quality of a fiber-optic distributed temperature sensor based on optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) is improved using a pre-filtering technique in the iterative deconvolution method. Investigation of the performance is proposed using iteration conditions in which recovery rate of the signal-component is equal to that of the unfiltering technique. The recovered signal in the pre-filtering technique gives a good signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), 3 times of the unfiltered signal. Consequently, improvements in the OTDR signal with SNR of from 10 to 100 are obtained under the iterations for both distance and temperature resolutions. 相似文献
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Mohammad Mizanur Rahman Kazuaki Ninomiya Chiaki Ogino Nobuaki Shimizu 《Ultrasonics sonochemistry》2010,17(4):738-743
A non-woven titanium dioxide (TiO2) fabric was applied to disinfection by ultrasound (US) irradiation, and the disinfection efficiency and lipid peroxidation of Escherichia coli (E. coli) cell membrane were evaluated to investigate the killing process. The addition of non-woven TiO2 fabric enhanced hydroxyl (OH) radical generation and disinfection efficiency. Judging from the disinfection experiments using glutathione or t-butanol as a radical scavenger, the OH radical played a major role in cell killing in sonodynamic disinfection with non-woven TiO2 fabric. Moreover, to understand the detailed killing process, damage to cell membrane was also evaluated using a diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine (DPPP) fluorescent probe, which detects the membrane’s lipid peroxidation. The addition of non-woven TiO2 fabric aggravated this peroxidation. This aggravation was caused by the OH radical according to an assay using a radical scavenger. From these results, it was concluded that non-woven TiO2 fabric as a sonocatalyst promoted peroxidation of the polyunsaturated phospholipid component of the lipid membrane initially and induced a major disorder in the E. coli cell membrane under US irradiation. 相似文献