The synthesis of tricarbonyl iron complexes of 6,7-dimethylene- cycloheptadienium ion and tropoquinodimethanes

The synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of the title complexes correspond to isoelectronic system of o-quinodi-methane complex are described.     

Reaction of α-chloroketones with 1,4-dianion of acetophenone n-ethoxy-carbonylhydrazone

1,4-Dianion of acetophenone N-ethoxycarbonylhydrazone (2) reacts with α-chloroketones such as phenacyl chloride, 1-chloroacetone, 3-chloro-2-butanone, and 1,3-dichloroacetone to give pyrazoline derivatives in good yields. In the reactions of 2-chlorocyclohexanone and 3-chloro-2-norbornanone with 2, cis-chlorohydrin and exo-chlorohydrin were selectively obtained, respectively.     

Sol-Gel Products News

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology -     

Synthesis of 2-aminoazulene derivatives. Nucleophilic and palladium-catalyzed amination of 2-substituted azulene

Amination of 2-substituted azulene was carefully examined using several types of amines, and the scope and limitation of substrates and reagents in these direct nucleophilic aminations were found. The synthesis of 2-aminoazulenes was successfully achieved by the reaction of 2-bromoazulene with several amines via palladium-catalyzed amination.     

An application of plastic microchannel-microheater chips to a thermal synthetic reaction.

Polystyrol microchannel-microheater chips were fabricated on the basis of imprinting and photolithography techniques. The solution (i.e., methanol) temperature in the vicinity of the microheater (width = 100 or 200 microm and length = 100 microm) integrated in the channel (width = 100 microm and depth = 20 microm) was evaluated on the basis of the temperature-dependent fluorescence lifetime of Rhodamine B as a function of a flow rate and the voltage applied to the heater. The study demonstrated that the fabricated chip acted certainly as a microheater. The chip was then applied to the thermal reaction between benzaldehyde and malononitrile in methanol. Under optimum conditions, benzilidenemalononitrile as the product of the reaction was obtained in a 96% yield with the reaction time of 84 s.     

The singularity of the canonical model of compact Kähler manifolds

Partially supported by the Fûjukai foundation     

Electronic superstructures on the graphite surface studied by first-principles calculations

We present results of a first-principles study of the graphite surface in the presence of defects. Our calculations, based on density functional theory, show superstructures of periodicity ( ) in the electronic structure of the surface. In good agreement with STM experiments, these superstructures show a variety of patterns with their intensity decaying away from the defect. Two kind of defects were considered: metallic adatoms absorbed on graphite, and vacancies in the surface lattice. Similar results were found in both cases. Our results give strong support to the idea that these superstructures are due to purely electronic effects, and do not correspond to any atomic reconstruction of the graphite surface.     

Lidar Network System for Monitoring the Atmospheric Environment in Jakarta City

A lidar network system consisting of two Mie scattering lidars and one differential absorption lidar was developed to measure the atmospheric environment in Jakarta. The three lidars were installed at three locations in Jakarta to study atmospheric boundary layer structure and transportation of atmospheric pollutants. The Mie scattering lidars employ compact flashlamp pumped Nd:YAG lasers operated at 1064 nm fundamental. They are installed in shelters and directed vertically. One of the Mie lidar has a rotating wedged window for scanning conically to measure wind velocity using a correlation method. The DIAL system employs two Nd:YAG laser-pumped optical parametric oscillators. The DIAL is designed to measure distribution of ozone and SO₂ in the near UV region, and NO₂ in the 450-nm region. The system is installed in a shelter and has a full scanning capability.