Separation of boundary singularities for holomorphic generators

We prove a theorem on separation of boundary null points for generators of continuous semigroups of holomorphic self-mappings of the unit disk in the complex plane. Our construction demonstrates rather strikingly the particular role of the binary operation ? given by 1/ f ? g = 1/f + 1/g on generators.     

Gadolinium pyrosilicate single crystals for gamma ray and thermal neutron monitoring

Bulk Gd₂Si₂O₇:Ce (GPS:Ce) single crystals obtained by Czochralski method demonstrate a high light output at γ-irradiation (3.8 times higher in comparison with Bi₄Ge₃O₁₂ (BGO)), energy resolution 13% (137Cs, 662 KeV), fast decay time (41.7 ns), and good thermal stability of light output (up to 425 K). This combination of characteristics makes this scintillator very attractive for medical imaging and high-temperature applications. Light output at thermal neutron monitoring is evaluated as twice higher in comparison with Gd₂SiO₅:Ce (GSO). The observed rather high afterglow level (0.2% after 20 ms) and moderate energy resolution (13%) certifies a room for improvement of these parameters by further optimization of crystal quality.     

How to distinguish between feruloyl quinic acids and isoferuloyl quinic acids by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

All four regioisomers of feruloyl quinic acid and isoferuloyl quinic acid were synthesized and a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method developed that resolves all eight regioisomers. All eight regioisomers can be readily distinguished by their MS/MS spectra in the negative ion mode, illustrating the power of tandem mass spectrometry to elucidate the structures of regioisomeric compounds. Compound identification is possible, either by direct comparison of spectral fingerprints or by rational probing of diagnostic fragment ions, thus allowing the identification of these important classes of natural products and potential human metabolites. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Singular viscosity solutions to fully nonlinear elliptic equations

We prove the existence of a viscosity solution of a fully nonlinear elliptic equation in 24 dimensions with blowing up second derivative.     

Cyanation of nucleophilic alkynes: easy approach to element-substituted α-cyanoenamines

The reactions of trimethylsilyl cyanide and tributyltin cyanide with ynamines proceeds as a regioselective syn-addition and provide previously unknown β-elementosubstituted α-cyanoenamines as pure E-isomers. The reaction of cyanogen bromide with ynamines as well the hydrocyanation of phosphorus substituted N,N-diethylaminoacetylenes by acetone cyanohydrin also proceeds as regioselective syn-addition, though the initially formed Z-isomers undergo an easy transformation into E-isomers. Cross-coupling reaction of β-bromo-α-cyanoenamine with arylboronic acids were shown to be an easy and convenient approach to α-dialkylaminosubstituted cynnamonitriles.