On the regularity of products and intersections of complete intersections

This paper proves the formulae

for arbitrary monomial complete intersections and , and provides examples showing that these inequalities do not hold for general complete intersections.

     

Prompt light particle emission in the 36Ar + 58Ni reaction at 95 MeV/nucleon

The prompt component at intermediate velocity of light charged particles is investigated. An improved coalescence model coupled to the intra-nuclear cascade code ISABEL is used to obtain light complex particle energy spectra and multiplicities as a function of impact parameter. The results are compared with experimental data from the ³⁶Ar + ⁵⁸Ni experiment at 95 MeV/nucleon, performed with the INDRA 4π detection system. The calculated prompt component is found to rather well reproduce proton spectra. For complex light charged particles the calculated components well populate the high energy part of spectra. Prompt emission can therefore explain the large transverse energies experimentally observed at mid-rapidity. Received: 27 July 2000 / Accepted: 20 November 2000     

DISCRETE REGULARIZATION FOR OPERATOR EQUATION OF HAMMERSTEIN＇S TYPE

51.IntroductionIn[5]wepresentedamethodofregularizationforsolvingtheoperatorequationofHammerstein'stypewhereboththeoperatorsFZ'X*-XandFI:X-X*arenonlinear,hemicontinuousandmonotone;Xisareflexive,strictlyconvexBanachspacehavingtheE-property,i.e.weakconvergenceandconvergenceofnormsforanysequenceinXfOllowitstrongconvergence,andX*denotestheadjointspaceofX.Obviously,anyuniformlyconvexBanachspacehastheE-property.FromnowonwesupposethatXandX*areuniformlyconvex.Further,forthesakeofsimplicitynorms…     

Application of ion chromatography for the investigation of the anionic and cationic composition in high-purity water production

A suitable and sensitive ion chromatographic measuring system for determining the main components at nanogram to milligram per liter levels in water samples from the electrodeionization process is presented. A modified Dionex system offers the possibility for the determination of anions and cations in the samples at ng/L, μg/L and mg/L levels. The ng/L level of anions and cations in 20–130 mL high-purity water can be analyzed immediately after preconcentration on appropriate exchange columns. The mg/L level samples are successfully determined by use of an auto-sampler. The quantification of each ion is achieved using the suppressor technique and a conductivity detector. Samples are taken from 5 steps of the electrodeionization process and stored in pre-cleaned FEP (fluorinated ethylene propylene) at 7?°C in darkness prior to the determination of chloride, nitrate, sulfate, carbonate, sodium, ammonium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Eluents, ultrapure water and samples for the determination of carbonate were passed through special glass containers and flushed with helium gas to avoid the effect of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Results of the investigation of the cationic and anionic composition in water samples within the electrodeionization process are presented and discussed.     

Relativistic RPA and Giant Resonances in β Stable and Unstable Nuclei

The nuclear isoscalar and isovector giant resonances in stable and unstable nuclei are studied in the framework of the relativistic random phase approximation. The classical meson propagators with nonlinear self-interactions are constructed in momentum space from the second variation of the action. The relativistic models with the parameter sets, TMI and NLSH, which provide good account of static ground state properties, can also well describe the collective states of nuclei, such as giant resonances. The isovector giant dipole resonances in the unstable Ar isotope chain are investigated.     

Perfect alignment of self-organized Ge islands on pre-grown Si stripe mesas

Self-organized Ge islands grown on patterned Si(001) substrates have been investigated. Selective epitaxial growth (SEG) of Si is carried out with gas-source molecular beam epitaxy to form Si stripe mesas followed by subsequent Ge island growth. Self-aligned Ge islands with regular spacing are formed on the <110>-oriented ridges of the Si mesas. The regular spacing is driven by the repulsive interaction between the neighbor islands through the substrates. A mono-modal distribution of the islands has been observed on the ridges of the Si mesas. The spatial confinement as well as the preferential nucleation is believed to be the mechanism of this alignment of the self-organized Ge islands. Received: 16 July 1999 / Accepted: 6 August 1999 / Published online: 24 March 2000     

A survey of the behavior of the hydroxybisphosphonic function in crystallized acids,metallic salts,and some related compounds

The flexibility and the different degrees of ionization of the hydroxybisphosphonic function provide numerous possibilities for the complexation of metallic and organic cations to molecules possessing these functions. The properties of this class of compounds are very interesting for different industrial and medical applications. They depend in a large part on the nature of the hydrocarbonated chain substituted to CH₃ in hydroxyethylidenebisphosphonic acid and of the number and the position of the bisphosphonic groups grafted on this chain. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 12:73–89, 2001     

Three New Phthalide Glycosides from the Rhizomes of Cnidium officinale and Their Recovery Effect on Damaged Otic Hair Cells in Zebrafish

The extract from Cnidium officinale rhizomes was shown in a prior experiment to markedly recover otic hair cells in zebrafish damaged by neomycin. The current study was brought about to identify the principal metabolite. Column chromatography using octadecyl SiO₂ and SiO₂ was performed to isolate the major metabolites from the active fraction. The chemical structures were resolved on the basis of spectroscopic data, including NMR, IR, MS, and circular dichroism (CD) data. The isolated phthalide glycosides were assessed for their recovery effect on damaged otic hair cells in neomycin-treated zebrafish. Three new phthalide glycosides were isolated, and their chemical structures, including stereochemical characteristics, were determined. Two glycosides (0.1 μM) showed a recovery effect (p < 0.01) on otic hair cells in zebrafish affected by neomycin ototoxicity. Repeated column chromatography led to the isolation of three new phthalide glycosides, named ligusticosides C (1), D (2), and E (3). Ligusticoside C and ligusticoside E recovered damaged otic hair cells in zebrafish.     

Thermal conversion of poly(paraphenylene–vinylene) precursor films: XPS and ESR studies

The conversion of the precursor into poly(phenylene–vinylene) (PPV) was studied by means of photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron spin resonance (ESR) on precursor films synthesized from the polymerization of pxylene-tetrahydrophenium halides. The sulfonium precursor containing chlorine or bromine was thermally converted to PPV and analyzed in situ using the spectrometers. It was found by XPS analysis that both halide precursors were thermally converted into polymer in a range of 190–250°C but traces of bromine were still present at >300 °C in the precursor containing Br. Furthermore, a small amount of oxygen in a ketone structure was also present in fully converted films. The ESR results corroborated the XPS experiments, showing a progressive disappearance of the radical distribution related to sulfur sites in a comparable temperature range. A discussion of the conversion process is given in terms of the modification of the core level spectra from XPS and the g distributions from ESR experiments. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.