Necessary conditions of Pareto optimality for multiobjective optimal control problems under constraints

This paper studies multiobjective optimal control problems in presence of constraints in the discrete time framework. Both the finite- and infinite-horizon settings are considered. The paper provides necessary conditions of Pareto optimality under lighter smoothness assumptions compared to the previously obtained results. These conditions are given in the form of weak and strong Pontryagin principles which generalize the existing ones. To obtain some of these results, we provide new multiplier rules for multiobjective static optimization problems and new Pontryagin principles for the finite horizon multiobjective optimal control problems.     

Identification of nonlinear heat transfer laws from boundary observations

We consider the problem of identifying a nonlinear heat transfer law at the boundary, or of the temperature-dependent heat transfer coefficient in a parabolic equation from boundary observations. As a practical example, this model applies to the heat transfer coefficient that describes the intensity of heat exchange between a hot wire and the cooling water in which it is placed. We reformulate the inverse problem as a variational one which aims to minimize a misfit functional and prove that it has a solution. We provide a gradient formula for the misfit functional and then use some iterative methods for solving the variational problem. Thorough investigations are made with respect to several initial guesses and amounts of noise in the input data. Numerical results show that the methods are robust, stable and accurate.     

A new class of hybrid extragradient algorithms for solving quasi-equilibrium problems

Generalized Nash equilibrium problems are important examples of quasi-equilibrium problems. The aim of this paper is to study a general class of algorithms for solving such problems. The method is a hybrid extragradient method whose second step consists in finding a descent direction for the distance function to the solution set. This is done thanks to a linesearch. Two descent directions are studied and for each one several steplengths are proposed to obtain the next iterate. A general convergence theorem applicable to each algorithm of the class is presented. It is obtained under weak assumptions: the pseudomonotonicity of the equilibrium function and the continuity of the multivalued mapping defining the constraint set of the quasi-equilibrium problem. Finally some preliminary numerical results are displayed to show the behavior of each algorithm of the class on generalized Nash equilibrium problems.     

QCD Corrections to Squark Production in <Emphasis Type="Italic">e</Emphasis><Superscript>+</Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">e</Emphasis><Superscript>−</Superscript> Annihilation in the MSSM with Complex Parameters

We discuss the pair production of scalar quarks in e ⁺ e ⁻ annihilation within the MSSM with complex parameters. We calculate the SUSY-QCD corrections to the cross section and show that the effect of the CP phases of these complex parameters on the cross section can be quite strong in a large region of the MSSM parameter space. This could have important implications for squarks searches and the MSSM parameter determination in future collider experiments. PACS number(s): 14.80. Ly, 12.60. Jv, 13.10. + q, 13.88. +e.     

Chemical Composition of Essential Oils from Hedyosmum orientale

Chemistry of Natural Compounds -     

The first cyclopentadienyl complex of uranyl

The U(IV) linear pentacyano metallocene [U(C(5)Me(5))(2)(CN)(5)][NEt(4)](3) reacted with 2 molar equivalents of pyridine N-oxide in THF or acetonitrile to give the U(VI) complex [UO(2)(C(5)Me(5))(CN)(3)][NEt(4)](2), the first uranyl species containing the cyclopentadienyl ligand; the crystal structure revealed that the steric effects of the (C(5)Me(5)) ligand force the {UO(2)}2+ ion to deviate from linearity.     

The first urea azine molecule and its coordination to uranium in the first actinide guanidinate complexes

The urea azine molecule (CyNH)(2)C=N-N=C(HNCy)(2) (1) was easily prepared by reaction of the carbodiimide CyN=C=NCy and H(2)NNH(2) and this novel type of bis-guanidine proved useful in affording chelating and bridging ligands for the building of polynuclear compounds, as illustrated by the synthesis of the first uranium guanidinate complexes [(THF)(2)Li(mu-Cl)(2)UCl(mu-L)](2) (2) and [UCl(mu-L)(2)UCl(2)(micro-Cl)(2)UCl(mu-L)](2) (3) (L = - 2H); the X-ray crystal structures of compounds - were determined.     

Polyoxometalate-based metal organic frameworks (POMOFs): structural trends, energetics, and high electrocatalytic efficiency for hydrogen evolution reaction

The grafting of the triangular 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxylate linkers (denoted trim) on tetrahedral ε-Keggin polyoxometalates (POMs) capped by Zn(II) ions, formed in situ under hydrothermal conditions, has generated three novel POM-based metal organic frameworks (POMOFs). (TBA)(3)[PMo(V)(8)Mo(VI)(4)O(36)(OH)(4)Zn(4)][C(6)H(3)(COO)(3)](4/3)·6H(2)O (ε(trim)(4/3)) is a 3D open-framework built of molecular Keggin units connected by trim linkers, with channels occupied by tetrabutylammonium (TBA) counterions. ε(trim)(4/3) is a novel (3,4)-connected net, named ofp for open-framework polyoxometalate, and computer simulations have been used to evaluate its relative stability in comparison with ctn- and bor-like polymorphs, showing the stability of this novel phase directly related to its greatest density. A computational study was also undertaken with the aim of locating TBA molecules, the positions of which could not be deduced from single crystal X-ray diffraction, and further rationalizes their structure directing role. In (TBA)(3)[PMo(V)(8)Mo(VI)(4)O(37)(OH)(3)Zn(4)][C(6)H(3)(COO)(3)] (ε(2)(trim)(2)), the building unit is not the molecular Keggin but a dimerized form of this POM. Their connection via trim linkers generates a 3D framework with channels filled by TBA cations. In (TBA)(3)[PMo(V)(8)Mo(VI)(4)O(37)(OH)(3)Zn(4)][C(6)H(3)(COO)(3)]·8H(2)O ([ε(trim)](∞)), zigzag chains are connected via the organic linkers, forming 2D grids. Modified electrodes were fabricated by direct adsorption of the POMOFs on glassy carbon or entrapment in carbon paste (CPE). A remarkable electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was detected with a yield greater than 95%, and a turnover number as high as 1.2 × 10(5) was obtained after 5 h. The reported POMOF-based electrodes are more active than platinum, with a roughly 260 mV anodic shift. Finally, the electrocatalytic activities of ε(trim)(4/3)/CPE electrodes in various XCl (X = Li, Na, K, Cs) media have been studied. This allowed us to detect a cation effect and propose an electrocatalytic mechanistic pathway for the HER.     

Ultrasound stimuli on viscometric change of aqueous copolymers having acrylic acid and N-isopropyl acrylamide for thermo-sensitive segments

Ultrasound (US) was used to change the shear viscosity of an aqueous solution of copolymers having acrylic acid (AA) and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) segments. The US effect on the shear viscosity of the copolymers containing 10, 50 and 90 mol% of the NIPAM group having thermo-responsible property was examined when the US was exposed to the aqueous solution at different temperatures. The shear viscosity of the solution had a significant change at about 30-35°C when the viscosity was measured in the range of 0-60°C. While, the viscosity decreased with the increase of the temperature, the US operated at 28, 45 and 100 kHz also induced significant reduction of the shear viscosity. Evidence of the US effect on the shear viscosity reduction was observed by measurement of FT-IR spectra of the copolymer solution when the US was exposed. It was noted that considerable change of the spectra at the 28 kHz US was observed relative to that of the 45 and 100 kHz US. The tendency of the change in the shear viscosity and IR spectra was almost similar. Furthermore, the shear viscosity and IR spectra changed gradually to recover its original value as the US was stopped. This was due to the breaking and reformation of the hydrogen bonding between NIPAM and AA segments when the US was exposed and stopped, respectively.