Restricted rotation about the boron---nitrogen bond in aminoboranes

The application of variable temperature ¹³C NMR to the study of a series of chlorodialkylaminophenylboranes has enabled G values for the rotational barrier, about the boron---nitrogen bond, to be determined.     

N-α-Benzyloxyacetyl derivatives of (S)-4-benzyl-5,5-dimethyloxazolidin-2-one for the asymmetric synthesis of differentially protected α,β-dihydroxyaldehydes

α-Dibenzylamino- and α-benzyloxy- derivatives of N-acetyl-(S)-4-benzyl-5,5-dimethyloxazolidin-2-one readily undergo highly stereoselective boron mediated syn-aldol reactions with a range of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, generating the syn-aldol products in good to excellent yields as single diastereoisomers after purification. In the α-dibenzylamino series, deprotection of the functionalised aldol fragments to the corresponding α-amino-β-hydroxy methyl ester or α-amino-β-hydroxyaldehyde proved problematic, with a range of N- and O-protecting groups giving mixtures of products arising from endocyclic and exocyclic cleavage pathways. However, in the α-benzyloxy series, O-silyl protection of the aldol products, and subsequent DIBAL reduction gives stereoselectively the corresponding N-1′-hydroxyalkyloxazolidin-2-ones, which undergo base promoted fragmentation to the desired highly functionalised and differentially protected α,β-dihydroxyaldehydes in good yields and without loss of stereochemical integrity.     

THE PRESENCE OF PHOTOREACTIVE β-CARBOLINE FLUOROPHORES IN WEATHERED WOOL KERATIN

Abstract Solvent-cleaned Merino wool, which was enzymatically digested with protease K, displayed a fluorescence maximum at 500 nm when excited at 430 nm. The yield of this emission was approximately 15 times greater for a fiber tips digest than for a digest of the mid-length region of the same fibers.
Separation of the components in the wool tip digest by silica gel thin-layer chromatography revealed the presence of several fluorescent species. The chromatographic mobility of these species was similar to the behavior observed in a preparation of authentic 1-methyltetrahydro-P-carboline, 1,3-dicarboxylic acid.
Mass spectroscopy of the fluorescent compounds in the wool tip digest displayed molecular ions, [M + H]⁺ with m/z = 273.0890 and 257.0560, and molecular weights that define the formulae C₁₄H₁₂N₂O₄ and C₁₁H₈O₄N₂, respectively, which correspond to β-carboline 1,3-dicarboxylic acids. Mass spectral evidence also indicates the presence of two other β-carbolines.     

N-(17-Phosphonooxylinolenoyl)glutamine and N-(17-phosphonooxylinoleoyl)glutamine from insect gut: the first backbone-phosphorylated fatty acid derivatives in nature

N-(17-Phosphonooxylinolenoyl)glutamine (1) and N-(17-phosphonooxylinoleoyl)glutamine (2) were isolated from the regurgitate of Spodoptora exigua and identified as the first natural alkyl chain-phosphorylated fatty acid derivatives. The compounds were characterized by HPLC-MS/MS and the assigned structures confirmed by synthesis via a dissymmetric bis-Wittig approach as the key reaction. Rearing of the larvae on a diet enriched with inorganic phosphate increased the amount of the phosphorylated N-acyl glutamines in the regurgitate.