Hydroxyl radical generation via photoreduction of a simple pyridine N-oxide by an NADH analogue

Photoreduction of pyridine N-oxide, which has a key structure of antitumor agents for hypoxic solid tumors, by 1-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide in deaerated aprotic media resulted in generation of hydroxyl radical, leading to the oxidation of salicylic acid to 2,3- and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acids, and catechol.     

Tandem mass spectrometric analysis of (13)C-containing ions from a mixture of homologous peptides differing by one mass unit at a residue

Tandem mass spectrometry of a mixture of two peptides that differ from each other by a single mass unit due to mutation is presented. The mutant beta-globin of hemoglobin Hoshida is present along with the normal counterpart, and the amino acid substitution of glutamine for glutamic acid is located within tryptic peptide T5 of M(r) 2057. 9. The mass of the mutated peptide is 1 u lower. In the isotopic cluster for the doubly charged ion of the peptide T5, the resolved ion with mass of 1030.0 represents the normal peptide with 93 (12)C atoms and the mutated one with 92 (12)C and one (13)C atoms. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) of this composite ion identified the mutation by presenting a key fragment derived from the (12)C-only mutant peptide, as reported in a previous study. Similarly, when an ion containing multiple (13)C atoms was selected as a precursor for CID, the mutation could be identified, even in large fragments, by a marked change in the shape of the isotopic cluster for the consecutive product ions. This study demonstrates the merit of selecting a resolved ion rather than the whole isotopic cluster as a precursor in the CID measurements of large peptides or proteins for characterizing heterozygous mutations.     

LiV2O4 spinel as a heavy-mass fermi liquid: anomalous transport and role of geometrical frustration

Transport and specific heat measurements on hydrothermally grown single crystals reveal the formation of a heavy-mass Fermi liquid in the LiV2O4 spinel, below a coherence temperature of T* = 20-30 K. A few observations which illustrate the uniqueness of this spinel are discussed in connection with the origin of the heavy mass, such as the anomalous absence of resistivity saturation above T* and the close proximity to a spin glass phase where the influence of the magnetic frustration is evident.     

The Direct Limits Of The Banach-mazur Compacta

Let 1 p . For each n-dimensional Banach space E = (E, || ·||), we define a norm || · ||_p on E x R as follows: [formula] It is shown that the correspondence (E, || · ||) (Ex R, || · ||_p) defines a topological embedding of oneBanach–Mazur compactum, BM(n), into another, BM(n 1),and hence we obtain a tower of Banach–Mazur compacta:BM(1) BM(2) BM(3) ···. Let BM_p be thedirect limit of this tower. We prove that BM_p is homeomorphicto Q = dir lim Qⁿ, where Q = [0, 1] is the Hilbert cube. 1991Mathematics Subject Classification 46B04, 46B20, 52A21, 57N20,54H15.     

Newly developed encapsulation-dehydration protocol for plantcryopreservation

A simplified and efficient encapsulation-dehydration protocol, which is a compromise between vitrification and encapsulation-dehydration, was presented for plant cryopreservation. In this protocol, during the encapsulation process, the apices precultured with 0.3 M sucrose for 16 h were simultaneously osmoprotected with a mixture of 02 M glycerol plus 0.4 M sucrose for 1 h. These encapsulated apices were directly dehydrated with dry silica gel prior to a plunge into LN without the pretreatment of 0.8M sucrose for 16 h. This protocol produced much higher rates of recovery growth in the three plant species tested (wasabi, chrysanthemum, and mint) than those cryopreserved by the conventional encapsulation-dehydration. This protocol also considerably reduced the time needed for the cryogenic procedure. Thus, this new protocol appears promising for cryopreservation of shoot apices and other explants.     

Blood Flow Analyses of Skin Tissue Under the Sacrum Using Laser Speckle Flowgraphy

A new version of the Laser Speckle Flowgraphy was developed to study the dependence of the blood flow of the skin tissue under the sacrum and the supporting pressure against the sacrum. The measuring unit consists of the laser diode, imaging system, line sensor, scanning mirror, and one-board microcomputer. The speckle signal is analyzed and sent to a personal computer, where the blood flow in a tissue area of 19 cm × 25 cm is evaluated and displayed on a 2-D color map. It was found that the blood flow in the skin tissue sharply decreased under the sacrum when it was supported by a hard surface, while the decrease became negligible when the surface was replaced by a soft airbag.     

Evolution operators generated by non‐densely defined operators

In this paper it is shown that an evolution operator is generated by a family of closed linear operators whose common domain is not necessarily dense in the underlying Banach space, under the stability condition proposed by the second author from the viewpoint of finite difference approximations. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Excitation of the deeply bound g92 neutron hole state in 117Sn by a neutron pickup reaction with 81.7 MeV 3He particles

Neutron hole states have been investigated by neutron pickup reactions on ⁹²Mo, ¹¹⁸Sn, ¹⁴⁰Ce and ²⁰⁸Pb with 81.7 MeV ³He particles. A strong effect of angular momentum mismatch has been observed to reduce the cross section for low-spin orbits. It causes the deeply bound $\text{g}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>9</mtext><mtext>2</mtext>}}$ orbit to appear in the spectrum of the α-particles from the ${}^{118}\text{Sn(τ, α)}{}^{117}$Sn reaction as a strong broad peak. It may provide a nice tool for investigating the coupling mechanism between the deeply bound holes and the core.     

Simultaneous spectrophotometric analysis of aliphatic amines utilizing thermochromism of charge-transfer complexes with tetrabromophenolphthalein ethyl ester.

Aliphatic amines, such as n-hexylamine (primary), di-n-hexylamine (secondary) and tri-n-hexylamine (tertiary amine), react with tetrabromophenolphthalein ethyl ester molecules (TBPEH) to form reddish or red-violet charge-transfer complexes (CT complexes) in 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE). The absorption maxima of the CT complexes with all primary amines occur at around 560 nm, with secondary amines at 570 nm and, with tertiary amines at 580 nm. The CT complex formation constants with TBPEH in DCE increase in the order of the primary, secondary and tertiary amines, but their constants decrease quantitatively with an increase in temperature. This phenomenon (thermochromism) could be applied to the simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of primary amine and secondary amine, or secondary amine and tertiary amine in a mixed solution utilizing the difference of absorbance with temperature changes.     

Ptychanolide, a sesquiterpenoid with a new type skeleton from the liverwort ptychanthus striatus (lehm. et lindenb.) nees

The structure of ptychanolide, isolated from the liverwort Ptychanthus striatus, has been determined by spectroscopic analysis and chemical transformation.