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81.
Simple scaling laws for the design parameters of plasma wakefield accelerators were obtained using a theoretical model, which were confirmed via particle simulation studies. It was found that the acceleration length was given by Δx=0.804λp/(1−βg), where λp is the plasma wavelength and βgc the propagation velocity of the ion cavity. The acceleration energy can also be given by ΔE=(γm−1)mc2=2.645mc2/(1−βg), where m is the electron rest mass. As expected, the acceleration length and energy increase drastically as βg approached unity. These simple scaling laws can be very instrumental in the design of better-performing plasma wakefield accelerators. 相似文献
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Yoichi Makimizu Nhat Truong Nguyen Jiri Tucek Hyo-Jin Ahn JeongEun Yoo Mahshid Poornajar Imgon Hwang Stepan Kment Prof. Dr. Patrik Schmuki 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,26(12):2685-2692
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a promising method for the conversion of solar energy into chemical energy stored in the form of hydrogen. Nanostructured hematite (α-Fe2O3) is one of the most attractive materials for a highly efficient charge carrier generation and collection due to its large specific surface area and the short minority carrier diffusion length. In the present work, the PEC water splitting performance of nanostructured α-Fe2O3 is investigated which was prepared by anodization followed by annealing in a low oxygen ambient (0.03 % O2 in Ar). It was found that low oxygen annealing can activate a significant PEC response of α-Fe2O3 even at a low temperature of 400 °C and provide an excellent PEC performance compared with classic air annealing. The photocurrent of the α-Fe2O3 annealed in the low oxygen at 1.5 V vs. RHE results as 0.5 mA cm−2, being 20 times higher than that of annealing in air. The obtained results show that the α-Fe2O3 annealed in low oxygen contains beneficial defects and promotes the transport of holes; it can be attributed to the improvement of conductivity due to the introduction of suitable oxygen vacancies in the α-Fe2O3. Additionally, we demonstrate the photocurrent of α-Fe2O3 annealed in low oxygen ambient can be further enhanced by Zn-Co LDH, which is a co-catalyst of oxygen evolution reaction. This indicates low oxygen annealing generates a promising method to obtain an excellent PEC water splitting performance from α-Fe2O3 photoanodes. 相似文献
84.
Tang Guangxian Shafee Ahmad Nam Nguyen Dang Tlili Iskander 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2021,143(6):4249-4260
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Electrical sensor has been considered in the current attempt. Combination of buoyancy, electric and radiative forces has been included in the governing... 相似文献
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Güveli Şükriye Özdemir Namık Bal-Demirci Tülay Soylu Mustafa Serkan Ülküseven Bahri 《Transition Metal Chemistry》2019,44(2):115-123
Transition Metal Chemistry - Mixed ligand Ni(II) complexes were synthesized from triphenylphosphine and S-methyl- or S-ethyl-isothiosemicarbazone ligands derived from... 相似文献
87.
Ho Van Doanh Phan Bao Quoc Hieu Pham Ngoc Son Dao Van Hoang Tam Hoang Duc Ho Manh Dung 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2022,331(3):1361-1365
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - To keep the accredited category for the gamma spectrometry test in our laboratory, the efficiency curves of a HPGe detector for soil sample in... 相似文献
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Yu. B. Ivanova Dao Tkhe Nam M. M. Kruk C. A. Syrbu 《Russian Journal of General Chemistry》2013,83(6):1155-1159
The formation of deprotonated forms of tetra(t-butyl)phthalocyanine ((H2 tButPc) and octa(pentoxy)-phthalocyanine (H2OAmPc) in the system acetonitrile-1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) at 298 K was studied by the method of spectrophotometric titration. With increasing DBU concentration sequential formation occurs of both mono- and douby deprotonated forms. The introduction of pentoxy groups into the fused benzene rings leads to a significant decrease in the acidity of the tetrapyrrole macrocycle compared with the tert-butyl substitution. The interaction of douby deprotonated forms of the phthalocyanines with zinc diacetate leads to the formation of metal complexes, the chelation constant of the latter is shown to correlate with the acidity of NH-protons in the nucleus of the macrocycle. For the chelation of more acidic tetra(t-butyl)-phthalocyanine an equimolar concentrations of zinc diacetate is sufficient, while the less acidic octa(pentoxy)-phthalocyanine requires almost 6-fold excess. 相似文献
90.