Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of some heterocyclic chalcone derivatives

Some new heterocyclic compounds containing isoxazole, pyrazole and oxadiazole ring systems were prepared from various chalcones. The synthesized compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis and spectral methods. These compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities.     

Optical microstrip patch antennas design and analysis

This paper has presented transparent conductor oxide materials (TCOMs) based microstrip patch antennas with glass substrate and copper ground plane, which have been deeply analyzed in the visible spectrum region in comparison with the practical patch antenna model of indium tin oxide patch with glass substrate and different TCOMs based ground plane. As well as the study have investigated the effect of transparent oxide materials on patch antenna design instead of perfect conductor materials such as copper that has low cost and weight. The tradeoff between optical transparency and electrical conductivity will be evaluated for a range of visible regions. Microstrip transmission line feed method is used to predict the skin effects on a patch antenna and their impact on antenna efficiency, resonance frequency and optical transmission are also described. This study have discussed assessment of these tradeoffs and effect of TCOMs parameters on antenna design.     

Some comments on fuzzy variables

Nahmias introduced the concept of a fuzzy variable as a possible axiomatic framework from which a rigorous theory of fuzziness may be constructed. In this paper we attempt to shed more light on fuzzy variables in analogy with random variables. In particular, we study the problem: if X₁, X₂,…,X_n are mutually unrelated fuzzy variables with common membership function μ and α₁, α₂,…,α_n are real numbers satisfying α_i ? o for every i and Σ_i=1ⁿα_i=1, when does does Z = Σ_{i = 1}ⁿα_iX_i have the same membership function μ?     

Kinetic shift in some para-substituted acetophenones

An Atlas CH4 mass spectrometer has been used in conjunction with the electron ‘Energy Distribution Difference’ technique to investigate the kinetic shift associated with the process of elimination of CH₃ from acetophenone, p-methylacetophenone, p-chloroacetophenone, p-fluoroacetophenone and p-methoxy-acetophenone. The heats of formation of the ions investigated have been calculated.     

Lateral electric field effects on quantum size confinement in cylindrical quantum dot under parabolic potential

Within the effective mass approximation, we investigated theoretically the ground-state energy of a single particle and the binding energy of the neutral donor impurity (D⁰) affected by a lateral electric field in a parabolic quantum dot (QD). The results show that the electron and the hole ground-state energy and the band to band transition energies shift to lower values (red shift) by increasing the field intensity. The quantum Stark shift (QSS) for the electron increases rapidly in the quasi spherical QD (QSQD) by increasing the lateral field, whereas for the hole it increases monotony. In the cylindrical QDs (CQDs), we found that the QSS for electron and hole increase monotonically. The quantum size, lateral electric field and impurity position effect on the binding energy of neutral donor (D⁰) is studied. Unexpected behavior of D⁰ in quantum well limit (QW), the binding energy of D⁰ is increasing (blue shift) with increasing QD radius R$R$ at the presence of a lateral electric field. It appears that for a fixed size of the QD, the off-center binding energy decreases when the impurity ion is displaced from the center to the QD borders, while it is shifted to lower energy with increasing the field.     

New exact solutions of (3 + 1)-dimensional generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation using a combination of lie symmetry and singular manifold methods

A new combination of Lie symmetry and Singular Manifold methods has been employed to study (3 + 1)-dimensional generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP). Infinite-dimensional space of Lie vectors has been established. Single and dual linear combinations of Lie vectors are used after appropriate calculations of the arbitrary functions to reduce the equation to an ordinary differential equation (ODE). The resulting ODE is then analytically solved through the singular manifold method which resulted in a Bäcklund truncated series with seminal analysis leading to a Schwarzian differential equation in the Eigenfunction φ (η). Solving this differential equation leads to new analytical solutions.     

High-Efficiency Laser-Power Transmission With All Optical Amplification for High-Transmission-Capacity Submarine Cables

We present new trends in the performance evaluation of submarine fiber cable system with different ultrahigh multiplexing and propagation techniques over a wide range of the affecting parameters. Our model takes into account the ultimate optical transmission of huge submarine cables with 14,400 channels under different depth conditions. We employ Raman and erbium-doped fiber amplifiers in our study. We investigate the double impact of both temperature and pressure through the defined depth penalty. We also study the soliton transmission technique using two multiplexing methods considered in the design of ultra-wide wavelength division multiplexing (UW-WDM) with 14,400 optical channels and ultra-wide space division multiplexing (UW-SDM) with 440 fiber links. Based on experimental data, both the deep ocean water temperature and pressure are obtained as functions of the water depth.     

13C NMR and 2D (H,H and H,C COSY) Spectra of Triazolo-triazino-indole Derivatives and the Conformational Analysis of the Respective C-Nucleoside Analogues

¹³C NMR and 2D (H,H and H,C COSY) spectra of selected examples of sugar (5H-1,2,4-triazino[5,6-b]-indol-3-yl) hydrazones, peracetylated sugar-1-acetyl -1- (5-acetyl-1,2,4-triazino[5,6-b]indol-3-yl)hydrazones, and 10-acetyl-3-(per-0-acetylalditol-1-yl)-1,2,4-triazolo[4′, 3′:2,3][1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indole have been reported. The conformation of the latter C-nucleoside analogues have been determined by analysis of their ¹H NMR spectra. The D-galacto, D-manno and L-arabino isomers are preponderantly existing in the planar zigzag arrangement of carbon atoms.     

On‐chip technology for single‐cell arraying,electrorotation‐based analysis and selective release

This paper reports a method for label‐free single‐cell biophysical analysis of multiple cells trapped in suspension by electrokinetic forces. Tri‐dimensional pillar electrodes arranged along the width of a microfluidic chamber define actuators for single cell trapping and selective release by electrokinetic force. Moreover, a rotation can be induced on the cell in combination with a negative DEP force to retain the cell against the flow. The measurement of the rotation speed of the cell as a function of the electric field frequency define an electrorotation spectrum that allows to study the dielectric properties of the cell. The system presented here shows for the first time the simultaneous electrorotation analysis of multiple single cells in separate micro cages that can be selectively addressed to trap and/or release the cells. Chips with 39 micro‐actuators of different interelectrode distance were fabricated to study cells with different sizes. The extracted dielectric properties of Henrietta Lacks, human embryonic kidney 293, and human immortalized T lymphocytes cells were found in agreements with previous findings. Moreover, the membrane capacitance of M17 neuroblastoma cells was investigated and found to fall in in the range of 7.49 ± 0.39 mF/m².     

Scaling law analysis of electrohydrodynamics and dielectrophoresis for isomotive dielectrophoresis microfluidic devices

Isomotive dielectrophoresis (isoDEP) is a unique DEP geometrical configuration where the gradient of the field-squared () is constant. IsoDEP analyzes polarizable particles based on their magnitude and direction of translation. Particle translation is a function of the polarizability of both the particles and suspending medium, the particles’ size and shape, and the frequency of the electric field. However, other electrokinetics act on the particles simultaneously, including electrothermal hydrodynamics. Hence, to maximize the DEP force relative to over electrokinetic forces, design parameters such as microchannel geometry, fabrication materials, and applied electric field must be properly tuned. In this work, scaling law analyses were developed to derive design rules, relative to particle diameter, to reduce unwanted electrothermal hydrodynamics relative to DEP-induced particle translation. For a particle suspended in 10 mS/m media, if the channel width and height are below ten particle diameters, the electrothermal-driven flow is reduced by ∼500 times compared to a channel that is 250 particles diameters in width and height. Replacing glass with silicon as the device's underlying substrate for an insulative-based isoDEP reduces the electrothermal induced flow approximately 20 times less.