大学物理实验教学仪器的改进

通过仪器电路改进、程序编写等工作,成功改进了数字电流表。改进后的电流表具有量程自动切换功能,实现了对原有数字电流表的量程保护。经实验测试表明,改进后电流表运行稳定,测试结果正确。     

s+id波高温超导体的单根涡旋线结构

用松弛叠代法数值求解了在s+id混合波对称性考虑下的Ginzburg-Landau方程，得到s+id高温超导体单根涡旋线的结构，并研究了其随温度磁场变化的特性.同时，也计算了在该考虑下的上临界场H_c2的曲线，相应的数值结果与实验结果定性一致. 关键词：     

Al纳米线不同晶向力学行为和变形机制的模拟

采用分子动力学模拟计算方法,考察具有较高层错能的Al纳米线沿不同晶向的力学行为和变形机制。在相同计算条件下与具有较低层错能的Ni、Cu、Au和Ag等FCC金属纳米线进行比较。结果表明：在力学行为方面,Al纳米线的弹性模量呈现明显的结构各向异性,满足E_[111] > E_[110] > E_[100]的关系,这一关系在FCC金属纳米线中普遍成立;Al纳米线的屈服应力随晶向呈现σ_y[100] > σ_y[111] > σ_y[110]的关系,这一关系在具有较低层错能的FCC金属纳米线中不具有普遍性,这与体系中位错形成机制密切相关。根据拉伸变形过程微观结构的演变规律,阐明Al纳米线不同晶向的变形机制,并与具有较低层错能的Ni、Cu、Au和Ag等FCC金属纳米线的变形机制进行比较。结果表明,对于尺度较小的高层错能Al纳米线,Schmid因子和广义层错能均难以准确预测其变形机制。     

超临界CO2-丙烷混合物管内传热特性数值研究

采用SST k-w湍流模型对超临界CO₂/丙烷混合工质水平管内的传热特性进行数值模拟研究。管径d=4 mm,加热段L₂=800 mm;混合工质浓度配比为100/0、95/5、90/10、85/15、80/20、75/25;质量流速为150～250 kg·m^?2·s^?1;热流密度为30～40 kW·m^?2,入口温度293 K,入口压力7.5～30 MPa。随着丙烷浓度的增加,CO₂/丙烷二元混合工质的临界压力降低,临界温度升高,丙烷浓度从5%增加到25%,换热系数峰值降低6.19%～31.45%,但增加丙烷浓度可提高拟临界温度后的换热效果。P=7.5～8.5 MPa,换热系数有明显峰值;P=20～30 MPa,换热系数变化规律无明显峰值,并随压力的升高而减小。混合工质的换热系数随质量流速的增大而增大。同一流体温度所对应的换热系数,随着热流密度的增加而减小。     

A method to quantitatively estimate rainfall rate above water surface based on different spectra shapes generated by rainfall

A method combined with the nonlinear least-square regression to quantitatively estimate rainfall rate over water surface from the different spectrum shapes generated by rainfall in some frequency bands was presented.About 2000 min spectrum data generated by rainfall have been collected in an open-lake in Xiamen city.As a result,the spectrum shape in 15-30 kHz is fitted to log-linear law which allows classification of rain into three categories from the spectrum slope:no rain,drizzle(rainfall rate>10 mm/h)and heavy rain(rainfall rate>10 mm/h).Then,rainfall detection is made and rainfall rate is quantified in drizzle time with Logistic model in the frequency bands of 2-15 kHz,and the rainfall rate in heavy rainfall also quantified with log-linear regression.Finally,all measured spectrum data are used to calculate rainfall rate with the algorithm.The results show that the estimated rainfall rates are comparably coincident with the synchronously measured ones.The average error of accumulative rainfall per min is only l%-4%.     

极区夏季中层顶区域尘埃粒子参数的研究

采用轨道受限运动方法研究了极区夏季中层顶区域的尘埃粒子电荷数与尘埃粒子半径。利用尘埃等离子体充电理论,建立了尘埃粒子充电方程模型,得到尘埃粒子充电时尘埃电荷数和半径的比值。然后结合ECT02实验数据,分析了发生极区中层夏季回波现象时极区中层顶区域尘埃粒子电荷数和半径的比值,并得到尘埃粒子的半径以及尘埃粒子所带电荷量。结果表明,极区中层顶区域的尘埃粒子平均所带电荷不到一个,它的半径约为20nm。     

掺Er磷酸盐玻璃中红外发光特性研究

报道了一种最新型可用于1．5μm光纤通信传输介质的掺Er^3 的磷酸盐玻璃,通过对其吸收谱的测量,可看到在970nm附近有一很强的吸收峰,适合于采用LD激光泵浦。我们在发射波长为970nm的半导体激光器激发下测量了这种材料的发射谱,观察到在红外波段1540nm处在强发射峰。我们从吸收谱出发拟合出了J－O强度参数,进而计算出了Er^3 离子各相关跃迁的理论振子强度、实验振子强度及自发辐射系数,从结果可得出理论和实验是相符的。     

利用光栅光谱仪研究乙醇汽油溶液的吸收特性

利用WGD-8A型多功能光栅光谱仪测量了不同汽油体积含量的乙醇汽油溶液对波长为300.0～430.0 nm光的吸收光谱,分析了乙醇汽油吸光度和汽油浓度的关系,在稀溶液吸光度的朗伯-比尔定律基础上,进一步研究了2种高浓度混合溶液吸光度的计算方法,并得出了入射光波长为377.0,382.0,391.5,410.9 nm时乙醇汽油的吸光度与汽油体积浓度的关系式.     

GaAs Based InAs/GaSb Superlattice Short Wavelength Infrared Detectors Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy

InAs/GaSb superlattice （SL） short wavelength infrared photoconduction detectors are grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs（O01） semi-insulating substrates. An interfacal misfit mode AISb quantum dot layer and a thick GaSb layer are grown as buffer layers. The detectors containing a 200-period 2 ML/S ML InAs/GaSb SL active layer are fabricated with a pixel area of 800×800 μm^2 without using passivation or antirefleetion coatings. Corresponding to the 50% cutoff wavelengths of 2.05μm at 77K and 2.25 μm at 300 K, the peak detectivities of the detectors are 4 × 10^9 cm·Hz^1/2/W at 77K and 2 × 10^8 cm·Hz1/2/W at 300K, respectively.     

Signal Analysis by New Mother Wavelets

Based on the general formula for finding qualified mother wavelets [Opt. Lett. 31 （2006） 407] we make wavelet transforms computed with the newly found mother wavelets （characteristic of the power 2n） for some optical Gaussian pulses, which exhibit the ability to measure frequency of the pulse more precisely and clearly. We also work with complex mother wavelets composed of new real mother wavelets, which offer the ability of obtaining phase information of the pulse as well as amplitude information. The analogy between the behavior of Hermite Gauss beams and that of new wavelet transforms is noticed.