广西合山石村矿超高有机硫煤饱和烃特征分析

以合山石村矿超高有机硫煤为研究对象,利用带能谱的扫描电镜(SEM-EDX)及气相色谱(GC)和色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)分析技术,综合分析探讨了研究区样品中有机质来源、沉积环境及物源输入。结果表明,研究区样品镜质体反射率均值1.76%,全硫含量均值6.01%,其中有机硫含量占比达94.3%,为高成熟度的超高有机硫煤。饱和烃色谱图中未分辨的复杂混合物(UCM)鼓包明显,前峰及双峰型均有分布,前峰型主峰碳为C₁₆、C₁₈、C₂₁,双峰型主峰碳为C₁₈、C₂₇,化合物降姥鲛烷、脱氢松香烷、咔达烯均有发现,规则甾烷C₂₇、C₂₈、C₂₉均呈"V"型分布,说明沉积母质受藻类等低等水生生物与高等植物双重输入的影响。姥植比参数、C_31-35藿烷呈阶梯式递减的分布特征表明在海相碳酸盐台地成煤带中存在一定的氧化条件。扫描电镜中拍摄到的铁含氧硫酸盐、细胞充填环状黄铁矿说明在沉积质晚期成岩阶段受到一定程度热液作...     

光电化学技术应用于抗氧化分析的研究进展

在新陈代谢过程中,机体会产生大量以自由基为主要形式的氧化活性物质,而抗氧化剂可以通过电子转移的方式捕获并中和自由基,从而有效抵御自由基引起的细胞损害,以保障和维护人体健康.食品作为人体外源性抗氧化剂的重要来源可以有效补充因体内代谢及体液排出而损失的抗氧化物质,因此对食品中抗氧化物质消除自由基的能力即抗氧化能力的测定和评价具有重要意义.光电化学技术作为一种简单快捷、低成本、低背景且高灵敏度的测定方法,能够有效克服光学法、色谱法和电化学法等传统测试手段在抗氧化容量分析中的不足.本文综述了基于半导体及其复合材料的光电化学传感平台的构建及食品体系抗氧化容量分析的研究进展,评论了多种检测体系的特点并对其研究前景进行了展望.     

一种排气式膛压模拟装置

为了在实验室条件下简洁、高效地获得与实际相符的膛压曲线,进而开展典型结构和材料膛压载荷响应特性研究,提出了压力舱内发射药燃烧同时发射药气体由排气件排出的膛压模拟装置。结合发射药燃烧理论和等熵流动模型,建立了排气式膛压模拟过程的数学模型。基于理想气体假设,利用Fluent软件模拟泄压过程质量流量规律,并与理论结果对比,确定了流量系数。分别根据76和155 mm火炮膛压曲线特点及小型化设计原则,对模拟装置性能参数进行了优化设计。优化结果表明,获得的压力曲线的增压速率和降压速率基本满足要求,峰值压力达到300 MPa,压力大于30 MPa历时10 ms以上。验证实验结果表明：压力曲线有良好的重复性,且与理论结果一致,装置工作可靠性高;以排放发射药气体方式模拟膛压曲线是可行的。

     

Phytochemical Characterization,Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Cleome arabica L. Fruits Extract against Formalin Induced Chronic Inflammation in Female Wistar Rat: Biochemical,Histological, and In Silico Studies

In recent decades, the use of herbs and plants has been of great interest, as they have been the sources of natural products, commonly named as bioactive compounds. In specific, the natural compounds from the Capparaceae family which has been proved to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anti-carcinogenic activities, by several studies. Cleome arabica L. (CA) specie is the most used medicinal plants in Tunisia and elsewhere in North African countries for treatment of various diseases including diabetes, rheumatism, inflammation, cancer, and digestive disorders. The current work was undertaken to estimate the total phenolic, flavonoid and condensed tannin contents, to identify and quantify the polyphenolic compounds, and to evaluate the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory proprieties of CA fruits extract against formalin induced chronic inflammation in Female Wistar rats. In fact, the antioxidant activity was tested by Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging (DPPH), Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Nitric Oxide radical (NO·). Anti-inflammatory effect of fruits extract was examined using formalin (2%) induced paw edema in rats. Molecular docking tools were used to investigate the interaction of some compounds from CA fruits extract with the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) target protein. Our results showed that, the total phenolic, flavonoid and tannins contents, which were assessed by the Folin-Ciocalteu, Quercetin, and Catechin methods, respectively, were 230.22 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight (mg GAE/g DW), 55.08 mg quercetin equivalent/g dry weight (QE/g DW) and 15.17 mg catechin equivalents/g dry weight (CatE/g DW), respectively. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of five polyphenolic compounds whose catechin was found to be the most abundant compounds. The antioxidant activity of extract was quantified by DPPH, FRAP and NO· tests and IC₅₀ reached the values of 3.346 mg/mL, 2.306 and 0.023 mg/mL, respectively. Cleome fruits ameliorated the histological integrity of the skin and alleviated the disruptions in hematological parameters (WBC, LYM, RBC, and HGB), inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), C-reactive protein, and some oxidative stress markers (TBARS (−49%) and AOPP (−42%) levels, SOD (+33%) and GPx (+75%) activities, and GSH (+49%) content) induced by formalin injection. Moreover, the in-silico investigation had shown that CA fruits extract compounds have a stronger interaction with COX-2 active site, more than the reference drug “indomethacin” (two H-bonds). Our research gives pharmacological backing to the healthcare utilization of Cleome plant in the treatment of inflammatory diseases and oxidative harm.     

Recent Progress in Type I Aggregation-Induced Emission Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy

In modern medicine, precision diagnosis and treatment using optical materials, such as fluorescence/photoacoustic imaging-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT), are becoming increasingly popular. Photosensitizers (PSs) are the most important component of PDT. Different from conventional PSs with planar molecular structures, which are susceptible to quenching effects caused by aggregation, the distinct advantages of AIE fluorogens open up new avenues for the development of image-guided PDT with improved treatment accuracy and efficacy in practical applications. It is critical that as much of the energy absorbed by optical materials is dissipated into the pathways required to maximize biomedical applications as possible. Intersystem crossing (ISC) represents a key step during the energy conversion process that determines many fundamental optical properties, such as increasing the efficiency of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production from PSs, thus enhancing PDT efficacy. Although some review articles have summarized the accomplishments of various optical materials in imaging and therapeutics, few of them have focused on how to improve the phototherapeutic applications, especially PDT, by adjusting the ISC process of organic optics materials. In this review, we emphasize the latest advances in the reasonable design of AIE-active PSs with type I photochemical mechanism for anticancer or antibacterial applications based on ISC modulation, as well as discuss the future prospects and challenges of them. In order to maximize the anticancer or antibacterial effects of type I AIE PSs, it is the aim of this review to offer advice for their design with the best energy conversion.     

Rutin Inhibits Ox-LDL-Mediated Macrophage Inflammation and Foam Cell Formation by Inducing Autophagy and Modulating PI3K/ATK Signaling

Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of the leading causes of death among the elderly, and is primarily caused by foam cell generation and macrophage inflammation. Rutin is an anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-allergic, and antiviral flavonoid molecule, known to have anti-atherosclerotic and autophagy-inducing properties, but its biological mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we uncovered that rutin could suppress the generation of inflammatory factors and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in ox-LDL-induced M2 macrophages and enhance their polarization. Moreover, rutin could decrease foam cell production, as shown by oil red O staining. In addition, rutin could increase the number of autophagosomes and the LC3II/I ratio, while lowering p62 expression. Furthermore, rutin could significantly inhibit the PI3K/ATK signaling pathway. In summary, rutin inhibits ox-LDL-mediated macrophage inflammation and foam cell formation by inducing autophagy and modulating PI3K/ATK signaling, showing potential in treating atherosclerosis.     

微型固相萃取柱结合胃袋式大体积进样-气相色谱-质谱法对食品中205种农药残留快速测定研究

分别选取菠菜、洋白菜、苹果、大米和大豆5种基质,利用微型固相萃取柱对样品进行前处理,采用胃袋式大体积进样技术结合气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS),建立了同时测定日本通关检测项目要求的205种农药残留的快速分析方法.通过增加进样量提高检测灵敏度,通过减少样品处理量缩短前处理时间,以保留时间和特征离子丰度比进行定性,以特征离子强度进行定量.该方法与日本通知法进行了比对,结果表明两种方法净化效果、检出限、回收率和RSD等指标水平相当,平均回收率在80%～120%之间,RSD(n=7)小于10%,满足残留分析方法的要求.     

Aggregation-Induced Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species: Mechanism and Photosensitizer Construction

Luminogens with aggregation-induced emission (AIEgens) have been widely applied in the field of photodynamic therapy. Among them, aggregation-induced emission photosensitizers (AIE–PSs) are demonstrated with high capability in fluorescence and photoacoustic bimodal imaging, as well as in fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic therapy. They not only improve diagnosis accuracy but also provide an efficient theranostic platform to accelerate preclinical translation as well. In this short review, we divide AIE–PSs into three categories. Through the analysis of such classification and construction methods, it will be helpful for scientists to further develop various types of AIE–PSs with superior performance.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Quinoxalin-2(1H)one and 2-Methyl-3H-quinazolin-4-one Derivatives Targeting the Onset and Progression of CRC with SAR,Molecular Docking,and ADMET Analyses

The pathogenesis of colorectal cancer is a multifactorial process. Dysbiosis and the overexpression of COX-2 and LDHA are important effectors in the initiation and development of the disease through chromosomal instability, PGE2 biosynthesis, and induction of the Warburg effect, respectively. Herein, we report the in vitro testing of some new quinoxalinone and quinazolinone Schiff’s bases as: antibacterial, COX-2 and LDHA inhibitors, and anticolorectal agents on HCT-116 and LoVo cells. Moreover, molecular docking and SAR analyses were performed to identify the structural features contributing to the biological activities. Among the synthesized molecules, the most active cytotoxic agent, (6d) was also a COX-2 inhibitor. In silico ADMET studies predicted that (6d) would have high Caco-2 permeability, and %HIA (99.58%), with low BBB permeability, zero hepatotoxicity, and zero risk of sudden cardiac arrest, or mutagenicity. Further, (6d) is not a potential P-gp substrate, instead, it is a possible P-gpI and II inhibitor, therefore, it can prevent or reverse the multidrug resistance of the anticancer drugs. Collectively, (6d) can be considered as a promising lead suitable for further optimization to develop anti-CRC agents or glycoproteins inhibitors.     

Understanding mechanisms of drying of a cellulose slurry by magnetic resonance imaging

Cellulose - This study concerns the spatial evolution of the internal components of a macroscopic sample of cellulose slurry during its convective drying. In a first stage, some water is extracted...