X射线荧光光谱法对于土壤中痕量汞的快速检测

土壤中的重金属污染会影响农产品品质,进而对人体的健康产生危害.土壤中多种重金属元素通常使用化学法进行检测,需要在实验室使用强氧化性物质对土壤样品进行消解处理,然后对消解液进行测试.而X射线荧光光谱法可以实现土壤中多种重金属元素的快速检测,相对化学法检测,X射线荧光光谱法检出限较高.对于汞元素来说,其在土壤中的限值相对其...     

两种不同前处理方法测定山茶油中的痕量铜

采用湿法消解和萃取法两种不同的前处理方法,石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定山茶油中精炼油和毛油中痕量的铜,结果表明:两种方法有较好的一致性,湿法消解在精密度上要优于萃取法,萃取法较湿法消解耗时短,试剂消耗少。两种方法的回收率在82.5%—114.5%之间,湿法消解的检出限为0.0134μg/g,萃取法的检出限为0.0160μg/g。     

模型化F_O曲线中升降模式控制机制

本文研究产生语音信号中Ｆ０曲线的控制机制模型化策略。基于对声带动态行为建立的若干假设，提出一个将复杂的Ｆ０喉控制机制简化成可定量化的物理模型，进而导出一种产生局部Ｆ０升降模式的控制机制模型函数。由模型参数定义的驱动命令，控制产生两类基本升降特征模式，在对数标尺上，相互独立的驱动命令产生的升降模式代数和，近似给定的Ｆ０曲线局部特征。分析合成汉语普通话Ｆ０曲线结果表明，该模型函数不仅能高精度地拟合给定Ｆ０曲线的局部变化特征，而且主要模型参数同Ｆ０模式时序结构存在很好的相关性。提出的模型函数有助于韵律规则总结，为按规则合成Ｆ０曲线奠定坚实基础。     

NO对燃煤烟气中汞形态分布影响的实验研究

在小型实验台上研究了NO对汞形态的影响。结果表明:在不含HC1气体的模拟烟气中,加入NO后转化率明显增加;较高浓度的NO会引起汞转化率下降但仍高于无NO的体系;随反应温度的升高汞的转化率逐渐降低;SO2的存在引起汞转化率升高。在含HC1的模拟烟气中,随反应温度的升高汞的转化率升高;SO2的存在引起汞转化率下降;NO的存在会提高汞的转化率。在一般烟气体系中, HC1可以促进汞的氧化;较高的O2浓度也可以促进汞的氧化。     

Vernier阳极设计与成像模拟

光子计数成像探测器作为探测微弱光的重要手段,由微通道板,解码阳极以及后续的读出电路组成,其中解码阳极的性能直接影响着探测器的成像质量。作为一种电荷分割型阳极,Vernier阳极利用周期性的正弦电极区域替代了楔条形阳极(WSA)的线性电极,可获得高的成像分辨率和大的电极活动区域。根据Vernier阳极的设计原理对Vernier阳极进行了仿真和设计,首先,介绍了矢量形式的阳极解码,确定了阳极设计参量为阳极周期长度,电极振幅及电极波长;其次,分析了各阳极设计参量对探测器成像的影响,利用Labview软件分别模拟了电子云,Vernier阳极板以及其相互作用成像情况,确定了Vernier阳极周期长度与粗调波长之间的关系以及设计参数一定时,成像达到最佳的电子云大小,依照模拟结果和实际的加工条件,设计和制备了周期为891 μm,绝缘沟道为25 μm,振幅为50 μm,粗调数为5的九路Vernier阳极。     

Electrospray ionization multiple-stage tandem mass spectrometric analysis of diglycosyldiacylglycerol glycolipids from the bacteria Bacillus pumilus

Electrospray ionization (ESI) combined with multiple-stage tandem mass spectrometry (MS(n)) was used to directly analyze the glycolipid mixture from bacteria Bacillus pumilus without preliminary separation. Full scan ESI-MS revealed the composition of picomole quantities of glycerolglycolipid species containing C(14)-C(19) fatty acids, some of which were monounsaturated. Two main components were identified from their molecular masses and fragmentation pathways. The fragmentation pathway of the known compound compared with the investigated compound verified the proposed structure as 1(3)-acyl-2-pentadecanoyl-3(1)-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-sn-glycerols. A comparison of the multiple tandem mass spectra of the different alkali-metal cation adducts indicates that the intensity of fragments and the dissociation pathways are dependent on the alkali-metal type. The basic structures of glycerolglycolipids were reflected clearly from the fragmentation patterns of the sodium cations. The intense fragments of the sugar residue from the precursor ions were obtained from the lithiated adduct ions. ESI-MS(n) spectra of [M + K](+) ions did not provide as much fragmentation as [M + Na](+) and [M + Li](+) adducts, but their spectra allow the position of glycerol acylation to be determined. On the basis of MS(2) spectra of [M + K](+) ions, it was established that all components have a C(15:0) fatty acid at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone and C(14)-C(19) acids at the sn-1 position of the glycerol backbone. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于互信息的高动态范围成像系统成像质量分析

为了优化高动态范围成像系统的设计,完善地评价系统性能,将信息论应用于高动态范围成像系统中,把高动态范围成像系统看作通信系统,采用端到端的互信息量来评价高动态范围成像系统的成像质量.在COMS采样成像模型的基础上引入空间光调制器反射式硅基液晶的影响,建立了基于互信息的高动态范围成像系统数学模型.利用该模型分析了反射式硅基液晶与CMOS阵列像素数比、像素开口率、相对平移、相对旋转对系统互信息量的影响及造成系统成像质量下降的原因.通过仿真计算,分别得到了像素数比例、像素开口率大小、相对平移量、相对旋转角度与互信息量的相互关系曲线,并定量分析了这些因素变化对系统互信息量的影响程度.仿真结果表明反射式硅基液晶和COMS阵列的最佳匹配条件是：反射式硅基液晶和CMOS像素的占空比尽可能大,CMOS像素尺寸尽可能小,避免相对平移和相对旋转,反射式硅基液晶像素数和CMOS像素数之比为1:1.     

CHIRAL ANOMALY AND UNAMBIGUOUS TERMS OF EXACT SCALE BEHAVIOR

We perform new explicit and regularization-independent calculations of < AV > amplitude in QED₁₊₁ and amplitude in QED₁₊₃ respectively to reinvestigate the anomaly problem. A kind of finite and unambiguous terms of exact scale behavior (in momentum space) is found to be responsible for the anomalies both in QED₁₊₁ and QED₁₊₁. They come from logarithmically divergent momentum integrals in contrast with the usual knowledge for triaugle anomaly in QED₁₊₃. In QED₁₊₁, this term is also responsible for photon mass generation. Some implications and possible relations with other aspects of anomaly are discussed.