A Signature Scheme Based on the Intractability of Computing Roots

We present RDSA, a variant of the DSA signature scheme, whose security is based on the intractability of extracting roots in a finite abelian group. We prove that RDSA is secure against an adaptively chosen message attack in the random oracle model if and only if computing roots in the underlying group is intractable. We report on a very efficient implementation of RDSA in the class group of imaginary quadratic orders. We also show how to construct class groups of algebraic number fields of degree < 2 in which RDSA can be implemented.     

Tomographic particle image velocimetry investigation of the flow in a modeled human carotid artery bifurcation

Hemodynamic forces within the human carotid artery are well known to play a key role in the initiation and progression of vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. The degree and extent of the disease largely depends on the prevailing three-dimensional flow structure and wall shear stress (WSS) distribution. This work presents tomographic PIV (Tomo-PIV) measurements of the flow structure and WSS in a physiologically accurate model of the human carotid artery bifurcation. The vascular geometry is reconstructed from patient-specific data and reproduced in a transparent flow phantom to demonstrate the feasibility of Tomo-PIV in a complex three-dimensional geometry. Tomographic reconstruction is performed with the multiplicative line-of-sight (MLOS) estimation and simultaneous multiplicative algebraic reconstruction (SMART) technique. The implemented methodology is validated by comparing the results with Stereo-PIV measurements in the same facility. Using a steady flow assumption, the measurement error and RMS uncertainty are directly inferred from the measured velocity field. It is shown that the measurement uncertainty increases for increasing light sheet thickness and increasing velocity gradients, which are largest near the vessel walls. For a typical volume depth of 6 mm (or 256 pixel), the analysis indicates that the velocity derived from 3D cross-correlation can be measured within ±2% of the maximum velocity (or ±0.2 pixel) near the center of the vessel and within ±5% (±0.6 pixel) near the vessel wall. The technique is then applied to acquire 3D-3C velocity field data at multiple axial locations within the carotid artery model, which are combined to yield the flow field and WSS in a volume of approximately 26 mm × 27 mm × 60 mm. Shear stress is computed from the velocity gradient tensor and a method for inferring the WSS distribution on the vessel wall is presented. The results indicate the presence of a complex and three-dimensional flow structure, with regions of flow separation and strong velocity gradients. The WSS distribution is markedly asymmetric confirming a complex swirling flow structure within the vessel. A comparison of the measured WSS with Stereo-PIV data returns an acceptable agreement with some differences in stress magnitude.     

去势手术对大鼠肾上腺中孕烯醇酮、17α-羟孕烯醇酮和脱氢表雄酮代谢的影响

雄激素阻断治疗作为临床上治疗前列腺癌的主要方式,已被证明能够引起肾上腺中CYP17α1基因表达的增强.由于该基因所编码的酶为肾上腺中的肾上腺雄激素合成的关键酶,因此去势后由该酶所催化的甾体激素合成途径中的孕烯醇酮、17a-孕烯醇酮以及脱氢表雄酮的含量应会出现相应变化.本文建立了一种适用于生物组织样品中上述3种激素的Gc...     

Quantum optomechanics of a Bose-Einstein antiferromagnet

We investigate the cavity optomechanical properties of an antiferromagnetic Bose-Einstein condensate, where the role of the mechanical element is played by spin-wave excitations. We show how this system can be described by a single rotor that can be prepared deep in the quantum regime under realizable experimental conditions. This system provides a bottom-up realization of dispersive rotational optomechanics, and opens the door to the direct observation of quantum spin fluctuations.     

A new parametric equation of state and quark stars

It is still a matter of debate to understand the equation of state of cold matter with supra-nuclear density in compact stars because of unknown non-perturbative strong interaction between quarks. Nevertheless, it is speculated from an astrophysical view point that quark clusters could form in cold quark matter due to strong coupling at realistic baryon densities. Although it is hard to calculate this conjectured matter from first principles, one can expect that the inter-cluster interaction will share some general features with the nucleon-nucleon interaction successfully depicted by various models. We adopt a two-Gaussian component soft-core potential with these general features and show that quark clusters can form stable simple cubic crystal structure if we assume that the wave function of quark clusters have a Gaussian form. With this parametrization, the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation is solved with reasonably constrained parameter space to give mass-radius relations of crystalline solid quark stars. With baryon number densities truncated at 2_n0 at surface and the range of the interaction fixed at 2 fm we can reproduce similar mass-radius relations to that obtained with bag model equations of state. The maximum mass ranges from 0.5M_⊙ to 3M_⊙. The recently measured high pulsar mass ( 2M_⊙) is then used to constrain the parameters of this simple interaction potential.     

微通道板离子壁垒膜粒子阻透特性的蒙特卡罗模拟

在三代微光像管中,微通道板(MCP)输入面上覆盖一层超薄离子壁垒膜(IBF),目的是保护光电阴极,延长像管使用寿命.为了深入研究离子壁垒膜的特性,本文对Al2O3和SiO2两种离子壁垒膜的粒子阻透能力进行了蒙特卡罗模拟,结果表明:5 nm厚Al2O3和SiO2离子壁垒膜的死电压分别为230 ～240 V和220～230...     

纳米氢氧化钴原位修饰碳糊电极固-液微萃取及电化学检测辛硫磷

运用纳米氢氧化钴原位修饰碳糊电极微分脉冲伏安(DPV)法检测了辛硫磷。在外加电位下辛硫磷分子被萃取到电极表面,并与纳米氢氧化钴相互作用形成络合物,在-0.489 V处得到1还原峰,且还原峰电流随扫速线性增长,表明电极上的还原过程受吸附控制。吸附过程满足Temkin等温吸附模型。pH与电位的关系表明辛硫磷的还原过程为1电子1个质子反应。运用交流阻抗方法考察了反应过程,并辅以理论计算,表明反应为自发过程,计算结果与循环伏安法一致。采用该体系检测辛硫磷,其还原峰电流与辛硫磷浓度的对数分别在3.333×10~(-13)～3.333×10~(-8) mol/L和3.333×10~(-8)～3.333×10~(-6) mol/L范围内呈线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)可达3.333×10~(-13) mol/L。该方法具有良好的重现性及选择性,用于菠菜中辛硫磷农药的检测,结果满意。     

煤粉高温空气燃烧与氮氧化物生成特性

借助循环流化床在高过剩空气系数下燃烧提供高温低氧空气的工艺,在直径为220 mm高为3000 mm的实验台上研究褐煤、烟煤和无烟煤在高温低氧空气下的燃烧特性和氮氧化物生成特性.实验结果表明,褐煤、烟煤和无烟煤在高温低氧空气下燃烧稳定性好,温度波动小;高温低氧的气氛降低了褐煤、烟煤、尤其是无烟煤燃烧的氮氧化物排放;褐煤、烟煤和无烟煤燃烧的氮氧化物排放值分别为440 mg/m3,390 mg/m3和332 mg/m3.