Cascaded Plasma–Ozone Injection System: A Novel Approach for Controlling Total Hydrocarbon Emission in Diesel Exhaust

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - The hydrocarbons present in diesel exhaust, although treated as minor pollutants, are equivalent to some of the major pollutants in terms of toxicity,...     

Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Mixed-Graft Block Copolymers

Mixed-graft block copolymers (mGBCPs) consist of two or more types of polymeric side chains grafted on a linear backbone in a random, alternating, or pseudo-alternating sequence. They can phase-separate with the backbone serving as the interface of the blocks, and the side chains dominate their self-assembly behavior. mGBCPs are an accessible polymer architecture for exploring the idea of encoding polymer properties through the macromolecular architecture, as there are two distinct structural components that can be tuned: the backbone and the side chains. In this Concept article, the current literature on the synthesis of mGBCPs is reviewed, and the advantages and disadvantages of each synthetic method are noted. The self-assembly of mGBCPs is also discussed where possible. Finally, directions for future research on mGBCP synthesis and self-assembly are suggested.     

Scanning a Silicon Photomultiplier with a Laser Beam

Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters - The Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) is a novel semiconducting photodetector which can detect single photons. It consists of many microcells (pixels)...     

IR and Raman spectra with Gaussian-09 molecular analysis of some other parameters and vibrational spectra of 5-fluoro-uracil

Research on Chemical Intermediates - Recorded IR and Raman spectra of 5-fluoro-uracil have been analyzed with the carried out theoretical computation by Gaussian-09 [DFT/B3LYP/6-311?++G**]...     

Rational Development of Remote C−H Functionalization of Biphenyl: Experimental and Computational Studies

A simple and efficient nitrile-directed meta-C−H olefination, acetoxylation, and iodination of biaryl compounds is reported. Compared to the previous approach of installing a complex U-shaped template to achieve a molecular U-turn and assemble the large-sized cyclophane transition state for the remote C−H activation, a synthetically useful phenyl nitrile functional group could also direct remote meta-C−H activation. This reaction provides a useful method for the modification of biaryl compounds because the nitrile group can be readily converted to amines, acids, amides, or other heterocycles. Notably, the remote meta-selectivity of biphenylnitriles could not be expected from previous results with a macrocyclophane nitrile template. DFT computational studies show that a ligand-containing Pd–Ag heterodimeric transition state (TS) favors the desired remote meta-selectivity. Control experiments demonstrate the directing effect of the nitrile group and exclude the possibility of non-directed meta-C−H activation. Substituted 2-pyridone ligands were found to be key in assisting the cleavage of the meta-C−H bond in the concerted metalation–deprotonation (CMD) process.     

Effect of increasing pressure on the structure and temperature-induced changes in magnetic properties of heterospin complexes

Russian Chemical Bulletin - The study is concerned with structural rearrangements in the crystals of heterospin complexes Cu(hfac)2 with nitroxide radicals LR (hfac is hexafluoroacetylacetonate, LR...     

Periodic Néel skyrmion transport

In this work, we have used the MuMax3 software to simulate devices consisting of a ferromagnetic thin film placed over a heavy metal thin film. The devices are two interconnected partial-disks where a Néel domain wall is formed in the disks junction. In our simulations we investigate devices with disk radius $r=50$ nm and different distance d between the disks centers (from $d=12$ nm to $d=2R=100$ nm). By applying strong sinusoidal external magnetic fields, we find a mechanism able to create, annihilate and even manipulate a skyrmion in each side of the device. This mechanism is discussed in terms of interactions between skyrmion and domain wall. The Néel domain wall formed in the center of the device interacts with the Néel skyrmion, leading to a process of transporting a skyrmion from one disk to the other periodically. Our results have relevance for potential applications in spintronics such as logical devices.     

Synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of purine conjugates with (S)-lysine and (S)-ornithine

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On the Problem of Spontaneous Isotopic Symmetry Breaking in Nambu–Jona-Lasinio Models

Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters - The problem of spontaneous isotopic symmetry breaking in Nambu–Jona-Lasinio quark models is considered. It is shown that, in models with light...     

Probability Distributions of the Riemann Wave and an Integral of It

Doklady Physics - In this paper, we study the statistical characteristics of the Riemann wave and the integral of it. Such problems arise in the physics of fronts’ propagation, in particular,...