Behaviour of rhodamine B in aqueous LiCl solution

Absorption, pH and electric conductance of rhodamine BLiClH₂O solutions are examined. The obtained results show that aqueous rhodamine B has a tendency to dimerize by the addition of LiCl. Other features on the structural properties of rhodamine B in aqueous LiCl solutions are discussed briefly.     

Farsighted Stability in an n-Person Prisoner’s Dilemma

Farsighted stability is examined in an n-person prisoner’s dilemma. It is shown that any individually rational and Pareto efficient outcome is a farsighted stable set and no other farsighted stable set exists; it is further shown that the largest consistent set consists of all individually rational outcomes.     

Thermodynamic properties of superconducting 2H-NbSe2 exhibiting anisotropy and strong-coupling effect

A simple semi-empirical model which takes account of effects of the anisotropy and the strong coupling interaction in the expression of the energy gap together with the ellipsoidal energy spectrum is proposed to explain results of specific heat measurements on layer structure compound 2H-NbSe₂. The thermodynamic properties such as the electronic specific heat and the thermodynamic critical field deduced from this model give good agreements with experimental results.     

A direct read-out system for fast neutron activation analysis for oxygen in steels

Fast neutron activation is useful for rapid determinations of oxygen in iron and steel, but the conventional calculations are tedious A direct read-out system is described so that results are immediately available.     

Evaluation of carbon stripper foils produced by a nitrogen ion beam sputtering method

Carbon stripper foils having thicknesses in the range of 5–40 μg/cm² have been prepared by a nitrogen ion beam sputtering method and their lifetimes have been tested in the Van de Graaff accelerator facility with 3.2 MeV, Ne⁺ ions. The foils of 21 μg/cm² thickness had the longest mean lifetime of 1350.0 mC/cm² (irradiation dose of 8.4×10¹⁸ atoms/cm²) which was 50 times longer than that of commercial foils. However, foils with other thicknesses had extremely short lifetimes similar to commercial foils. The nitrogen content of the foils of both long and short lifetimes has been determined using elastic scattering of 3 MeV α-particles.     

Initial mode of radical pair formation in n-hydrocarbons irradiated at 1.5 and 4.2 K

The ESR spectra of X-irradiated (at 1.5 and 4.2 K) single crystals of n-decane-d₂₂, n-decane-h₂₂ and their mixtures have been measured at 1.5 and 4.2 K. It is concluded that almost all alkyl radicals are inherently formed in pairs in a fairly random fashion and that the spacial distribution of the radicals depends on the irradiation temperatures. In the crystal of n-decane-d₂₂, a 1,3-carbon intrachain radical pair is identified together with a number of very close interchain pairs which are formed between almost all kinds of the first neighboring chains. The crystal of n-decane-h₂₂ gives considerably larger spacial distribution of radicals, indicating a remarkable mass effect on the radical pair formation.     

Nickel-catalyzed C-H/C-O coupling of azoles with phenol derivatives

The first nickel-catalyzed C-H bond arylation of azoles with phenol derivatives is described. The new Ni(cod)(2)/dcype catalytic system is active for the coupling of various phenol derivatives such as esters, carbamates, carbonates, sulfamates, triflates, tosylates, and mesylates. With this C-H/C-O biaryl coupling, we synthesized a series of privileged 2-arylazoles, including biologically active alkaloids. Moreover, we demonstrated the utility of the present reaction for functionalizing estrone and quinine.     

Magnetic dipole moment of the doubly-closed-shell plus one proton nucleus ^{49}sc

The nucleus ^{49}Sc, having a single f_{7/2} proton outside doubly magic ^{48}Ca (Z=20, N=28), is one of the very few isotopes which makes possible testing of the fundamental theory of nuclear magnetism. The magnetic moment has been measured by online β NMR of nuclei oriented at milli-Kelvin temperatures to be (+)5.616(25) μ_{N}. The result is discussed in terms of a detailed theory of the structure of the magnetic moment operator, showing excellent agreement with calculated departure from the f_{7/2} Schmidt limit extreme single-particle value. The measurement completes the sequence of moments of Sc isotopes with even numbers of f_{7/2} neutrons: the first such isotopic chain between two major shells for which a full set of moment measurements exists. The result further completes the isotonic sequence of ground-state moments of nuclei with an odd number of f_{7/2} protons coupled to a closed subshell of f_{7/2} neutrons. Comparison with a recent shell-model calculation of the latter sequence is made.