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281.
S. M. Godfrey N. A. Barnes P. Bhattacharyya R. T. A. Halton I. Mushtaq R. G. Pritchard 《Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related elements》2013,188(3-4):783-786
Adducts of selenium and tellurium donor molecules with dihalogens, interhalogens, and pseudohalogens exhibit a remarkable structural diversity. Some interesting examples of these materials and key factors influencing their formation, structures, and bonding are discussed. 相似文献
282.
Bushra Ismail Saima Mushtaq Rafaqat Ali Khan Asad Muhammad Khan Aurang Zeb Abdur Rahman Khan 《Optik》2014
The applications of newer Sb2S3 material as a suitable absorber material for the solar cells have been effected by the toxicity of Sb. The present study is an effort to synthesize lower Sb contents Sn doped Sb2S3 materials by retaining or improving the morphological and optical properties. SnCl2 and SbCl3 are used respectively as Sn and Sb sources, while Na2S2O3 has been used as a source of S in chemical bath deposition method. Bath temperature was maintained at 10 °C and the deposition time was 4 h and the annealing of the films in vacuum was done for 2 h at 250 °C. X-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet/visible light spectroscopy have been used for the study of structural, morphological and the optical properties. The chemical composition determined from RBS is Sn0.11Sb2S3. Phase analysis confirms the orthorhombic Sb2S3 phase with b and c axis as the preferred ones for the impurity Sn atoms. Grain growth at lower deposition temperature is enhanced on the account of doping. Nanosized spherical particles are seen in the optical micrographs. Annealing lowers the band gap, the values being 1.50 and 1.31 eV for the unannealed and the annealed samples respectively. 相似文献
283.
Muhammad Mushtaq Isa M. Tan Lukman Ismail Muhammad Nadeem Muhammad Sagir Rizwan Azam 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2014,35(3):343-349
Static adsorption studies of two anionic surfactants produced in our lab are reported. The adsorption of surfactants on the rock samples was investigated with and without the presence of alkali. The point of zero charge (PZC) values were determined for the sandstone samples employing three titrimetric methods and it was found to be at pH 7.98. The relationship between the adsorption degree and pH value of brine below and above the PZC is discussed. It was found that at the pH of solution exceeds the PZC of the rock, the adsorption was 0.43 and 0.86mg/g of rock for the two surfactants. However, at pH values below PZC, the adsorption as high as 3.66 and 4.49mg/g for the two surfactants. The synthesized surfactants are found to be suitable for the EOR applications at pH values higher than the PZC of the rock sample. 相似文献
284.
Muhammad Sagir Isa M. Tan Muhammad Mushtaq Muhammad Nadeem 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2014,35(11):1512-1519
The synthesis and use in enhanced oil recovery applications of a novel CO2-philic surfactant derived from maleic anhydride and 2-butyl-1-octanol is reported. The synthesis involved the esterification of maleic anhydride to produce diester followed by sulfonation of the esterified product. The esterification reaction parameters were optimized for the maximum yield of 98.4%. By employing a silica sulfuric acid catalyst, the reaction kinetics of esterification were also investigated. The activation energy was found to be 45.58 kJ/mol. The sulfonation reaction of the esterified product was performed by using sodium bisulfite, and a yield of 82% of surfactant was achieved. The synthesized surfactant lowered the interfacial tension between CO2/brine to 3.1 mN/m and effectively reduced the CO2 mobility. This surfactant has a great potential to be used for CO2 mobility control for CO2?EOR applications. 相似文献
285.
Muhammad Sagir Isa M. Tan Muhammad Mushtaq Lukman Ismail Muhammad Nadeem Muhammad Rizwan Azam 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2014,35(5):647-654
The synthesis of CO2 philic surfactant using maleic anhydride and 4-tert-butylbenzyl alcohol is reported. We reacted maleic anhydride with 4-tert-butylbenzyl alcohol to form bis(4-(tert-butyl)benzyl) fumarate and sulfonated the produced diester. The esterification reaction was optimized for a maximum yield of 98% of bis(4-(tert-butyl)benzyl) fumarate. First-order reaction kinetics with respect to acid was observed. The activation energy was found to be 55.62 kJ/mol. The sulfonated product of diester was obtained by the sulfonation reaction and the yield of 82% of surfactant was achieved. The in-house developed surfactant effectively lowered down the IFT between CO2/brine to 4.2 mN/m. This surfactant is targeted for CO2-EOR applications. 相似文献
286.
Addition of oxalyl chloride to zirconacycles prepared from 1-alkynylphosphonates 1 zirconocene dichloride, and two equivalents of EtMgBr smoothly produced novel 2-oxo-cyclopentenylphosphonates 6 in 58–81% isolated yields in the presence of a copper catalyst. 相似文献
287.
The reaction of (1R,2R)‐(–)‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane ( 1 ) [DACH] with the aldehyde (1R)‐(–)‐myrtenal ( 2 ) in MeOH afforded the bidentate diimine ligand, (1R,2R)‐(–)‐N1,N2‐bis{(1R)‐(–)myrtenylidene}‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane ( 3 ) in a high yield. Reduction of 3 using LiAlH4 led to the formation of the desired ligand ( 4 ) (1R,2R)‐(–)‐N1,N2‐bis{(1R)‐(–)myrtenyl}‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane. Treatment of compound 4 with K2PtCl4 or K2PdCl4 yielded the corresponding platinum(II) and palladium(II) complexes, Pt‐5 and Pd‐6 , respectively. The reaction of compound 3 with K2PtCl4 gave the diimine complex Pt‐7 . The cytotoxic activity of the complexes Pt‐5 , Pd‐6 and Pt‐7 was tested and compared to the approved drugs, cisplatin ( Cis ‐Pt ) and oxaliplatin ( Ox‐Pt ). The complexes ( Pt‐5 , Pd‐6 and Pt‐7 ) inhibit L1210 cell line proliferation with an IC50 of 0.6, 4.2, and 0.7 μL, respectively as evidenced by measuring thymidine incorporation. 相似文献
288.
Al Quntar AA Botvinik A Rubinstein A Srebnik M 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2008,(43):5589-5591
Zirconacyclopropenylboronates can be stabilized to dimerization by complexation with tributylphosphine; the phosphine stabilized zirconacycle boronates react with aliphatic and aromatic ketones and aldehydes at C2 of the triple bond to give the previously unknown 3-hydroxyvinylboronates in 61-80% isolated yields. 相似文献
289.
Background
Sonchus asper (SA) is traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments associated with liver, lungs and kidneys. This study was aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of nonpolar (hexane, SAHE; ethyl acetate, SAEE and chloroform, SACE) and polar (methanol, SAME) crude extracts of the whole plant. 相似文献290.
We investigate action of a subgroup G1 of the Picard group on finite sets using coset diagrams.We show that its actions on the sets of 3,4,5,6,8,and 12 elements yield building blocks of Coset diagrams ... 相似文献