Electrostatic electron focusing in the betatron

The possibility of using the field generated by electrostatic quadrupole electrodes to increase the focusing force in the working chamber of a betatron is considered. It is shown that with a number of quadrupoles N 3 focusing in the axial direction, for an equal number of quadrupoles focusing in the radial direction at electrode voltage U 15 kV during injection and the initial stage of the cycle an increase in focusing force to the limits of rigid focusing is possible. Experimental testing was performed with an operating betatron. A pair of electrodes with azimuthal extent of 26° located above and below the beam being accelerated was used, with the second electrode pair formed by the conductive chamber coating. An increase in radiation intensity of 30% was achieved.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 5, pp. 81–85, May, 1984.     

Gallium Complexes with Acenaphthene-1-Imino-2-one: Synthesis and Reactivity

The reduction of acenaphthene-1-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino-2-one (Dpp-Mian) by gallium in the presence of iodine primarily results in a bis(ligand) paramagnetic derivative [(Dpp-Mian)₂GaI] and then to a dimeric diamagnetic complex [(Dpp-Mian)GaI]₂, the reaction of which with PhC≡CH gives a cycloaddition product [{Dpp-Mian(HC=CPh)}GaI]₂. The new compounds are characterized by IR spectroscopy and ¹H NMR spectroscopy. The structures of complexes (Dpp-Mian)₂GaI and [{Dpp- Mian(HC=CPh)}GaI]₂ are determined by X-ray structure analysis (CIF files CCDC nos. 1571860 and 1571861, respectively). The catalytic activity tests for compounds [(Dpp-Mian)GaI]₂ and [{Dpp-Mian(HC=CPh)}GaI]₂ are conducted in the reactions of 4-chloroaniline with phenylacetylene and carbodiimide and in the reaction of phenylacetylene with 1-naphthol.     

Comparison of the Sorption Capacity of Carbon Sorbents for Cleanup of Oil and Oil Products from Water Areas

Russian Journal of General Chemistry - The object of the research was to test the sorption capacity of carbon sorbents for cleanup of oil products from water. The goal of the work was to test...     

A Cyclic Induction Accelerator

The main feature of the examined cyclic induction accelerator is the separation of control and accelerating electromagnetic fluxes. The control magnetic field is formed by analogy with the magnetic field of a weakly focusing synchrotron, and the accelerating vortex electric field is generated by electromagnetic cores – inductors. Such a design of the cyclic induction accelerator allows the active steel volume and the power of a supply unit to be reduced significantly, and the separation of control and accelerating magnetic fluxes allows the energy lost by particles by synchrotron emission to be compensated using a relatively simple method. Recent investigations have demonstrated that in this accelerator, electrons can be accelerated to energies exceeding 300 MeV.     

Dependence of the mobility of molecular probes in cellulose acetate solutions on complexation and the solution structure

The spin echo technique with a magnetic field pulse gradient was used to measure the translational diffusion coefficients D of molecular probes in solutions of cellulose acetates in dimethyl sulfoxide. A linear dependence of coefficient D on the extent of substitution of the cellulose acetate was established and the sensitivity of D to the supermolecular structure of the polymer solution was demonstrated.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2, pp. 470–472, February, 1990.     

Effect of additional exciton-polariton waves on the analytic properties of the optical response functions of thin crystal plates

The analytic properties of the complex amplitude reflection and transmission coefficients of plane-parallel crystal plates in the exciton spectral region in the presence of additional waves are considered in a wide range of plate thicknesses and angles of incidence of light. It is shown that violations of the classical amplitude-phase Kramers-Kronig relations for the reflection and transmission can be described quantitatively by the contributions of the reflection and transmission zeros appearing due to the interference of ordinary and additional exciton-polariton waves. The decrease in the total absorption coefficient in the vicinity of the exciton resonance is also explained by the presence of transmission zeros in the upper half-plane of the complex frequency.     

Study of protonation and deuterium exchange of carbazoles in trifluoroacetic acid-1,2-dichloroethane

The protonation of the aromatic ring of 9-methylcarbazole under the influence of trifluoroacetic acid in 1,2-dichloroethane was established by spectrophotometry. Deuterium exchange between 9-methylcarbazole and deuterotrifluorotrifluoroacetic acid was evaluated quantitatively by means of mass spectrometry and the PMR spectra. Highly deuterated carbazole and 9-methylcarbazole were obtained for the first time.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 525–529, April, 1985.     

Formation of the block structure during growth of basal-plane-faceted sapphire ribbons with different widths

The defect structure of basal-plane-faceted sapphire ribbons 10, 30, and 50 mm wide is investigated. It is shown that the high density of blocks in these crystals is associated with the specific features of the plastic deformation of the crystals with this orientation during crystal growth. In the basal-plane-faceted ribbons, the plastic deformation begins with the slip in the prismatic system. Dislocations of this system form characteristic low-angle boundaries, which then transform into block boundaries. It is revealed that the slip in the easiest basal system, which is characteristic of ribbons with all other orientations, is impossible because of the geometric constraints. Block-free basal-plane-faceted ribbons 50 mm wide are produced by decreasing thermal stresses in growing crystals.     

N-allyl-bis(diphenylphosphino)amide nickel dibromide as a catalyst of the polymerization of methyl methacrylate

The polymerization of methyl methacrylate initiated by a catalytic system based on the complex CH₂=CHCH₂N(PPh₂)₂NiBr₂ containing a bidentate phosphine ligand in the coordination sphere of nickel is studied. The activities of this system and of the catalytic system based on NiBr₂(PPh₃)₂ with a monodentate ligand at the nickel atom in the synthesis of PMMA are compared. A scheme of polymerization catalyzed by the CH₂=CHCH₂N(PPh₂)₂)NiBr₂ system is advanced.