An algorithm for computing the kernel of a locally finite iterative higher derivation

Let R be a PID. This article gives an algorithm for computing the kernel of a locally finite iterative higher derivation of a finitely generated R-domain.     

Observation of postsoliton expansion following laser propagation through an underdense plasma

The expansion of electromagnetic postsolitons emerging from the interaction of a 30 ps, 3×101? W?cm?2 laser pulse with an underdense deuterium plasma has been observed up to 100 ps after the pulse propagation, when large numbers of postsolitons were seen to remain in the plasma. The temporal evolution of the postsolitons has been accurately characterized with a high spatial and temporal resolution. The observed expansion is compared to analytical models and three-dimensional particle-in-cell results, revealing a polarization dependence of the postsoliton dynamics.     

Molecular structure of helical supramolecular dendrimers

The molecular structure of helical supramolecular dendrimers generated from self-assembling dendrons and dendrimers and from self-organizable dendronized polymers was elucidated for the first time by the simulation of the X-ray diffraction patterns of their oriented fibers. These simulations were based on helical diffraction theory applied to simplified atomic helical models, followed by Cerius2 calculations based on their complete molecular helical structures. Hundreds of samples were screened until a library containing 14 supramolecular dendrimers and dendronized polymers provided a sufficient number of helical features in the X-ray diffraction pattern of their oriented fibers. This combination of techniques provided examples of single-9(2) and -11(3) helices, triple-6(1), -8(1), -9(1), and -12(1) helices, and an octa-32(1) helix that were assembled from crownlike dendrimers, hollow and nonhollow supramolecular crownlike dendrimers, hollow and nonhollow supramolecular disklike dendrimers, and hollow and nonhollow supramolecular and macromolecular helicene-like architectures. The method elaborated here for the determination of the molecular helix structure was transplanted from the field of structural biology and will be applicable to other classes of synthetic helical assemblies. The determination of the molecular structure of helical supramolecular assemblies is expected to provide an additional level of precision in the design of helical functional assemblies resembling those from biological systems.     

Impact of large mixing angle MSW solution on neutrino mass matrix

We have discussed the quark-lepton mass matrices with the U(1) and O(3) flavor symmetry in SU(5), which lead to the large mixing angle MSW solution of solar neutrinos.     

RhI‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Carbonylative C−H/C−I Coupling of 2‐Iodobiphenyls Using Furfural as a Carbonyl Source

Synthesis of fluoren‐9‐ones by a Rh‐catalyzed intramolecular C?H/C?I carbonylative coupling of 2‐iodobiphenyls using furfural as a carbonyl source is presented. The findings indicate that the rate‐determining step is not a C?H bond cleavage but, rather, the oxidative addition of the C?I bond to a Rh^I center.     

Proton hyperfine interactions in the gas-phase E.P.R. spectra of SH (2Π3/2) in two lowest rotational levels

Gas-phase E.P.R. spectra of the SH radical (²Π_3/2) in the J = 5/2 and J = 3/2 rotational levels are described. Analysis of the hyperfine splittings gives the values of axial and non-axial components of the proton hyperfine interaction and the value of the constant d. The frequencies of the two strong lines in the zero-field spectrum are estimated by the use of the observed value of the hyperfine interaction constant d.