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71.
InN layers were directly grown on Ge substrate by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PAMBE). The valence band offset (VBO) of wurtzite InN/Ge heterojunction is determined by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). The valence band of Ge is found to be 0.18 ± 0.04 eV above that of InN and a type-II heterojunction with a conduction band offset (CBO) of ~ 0.16 eV is found. The accurate determination of the VBO and CBO is important for the design of InN/Ge based electronic devices.  相似文献   
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Horseradish peroxidase (HRPO) was used as a probe to quantitate aflatoxin B1 by a homogeneous immunoassay. The conjugation of AFB1 to HRPO resulted in 54% loss of enyzme activity. In the presence of AFB1 specific antibodies, the HRPO-AFB1 conjugate showed reversal of its lost enzyme activity by 12%. This positive modulatory effect of antibody on the enzyme activity was used as an analytical tool to quantitate AFB1. The homogeneous assay carried out with free AFB1 and HRPO-AFB1 conjugate in the presence of antibodies indicated poor linearity as compared to the heterogeneous assay. It was observed that the number of HRPO-lysine residues involved in AFB1 conjugation were 6–8. The low level of modulation of enzyme activity by antibody with respect to HRPO-AFB1 conjugate, could possibly be attributed to the limited number of lysine residues in the HRPO molecule and its proximity to the active site of the enzyme. Thus, HRPO was found to be limiting as an enzyme with respect to the homogeneous enzyme immunoassay for AFB1 analysis. The antibodies raised were specific for AFB1, and showed excellent linearity even at high dilution for the detection of AFB1 by ELISA indicating that antibodies per se were not the limiting factor.  相似文献   
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The X-ray K-absorption edge of yttrium in some pyrochlores of the type YLnFeSbO7 have been investigated using a 400 mm bent crystal spectrograph. The position of the principal absorption edge was found to have shifted towards the low energy side when Ln was changed from lanthanum through erbium. On the basis of the extended absorption fine structure estimates about the bond lengths have been made using the Lytle's and Levy's techniques.  相似文献   
78.
Micellization parameters, critical micelle concentration (cmc), degree of counterion dissociation (α), aggregation number (n), critical packing parameter, and hydrophobic core volume of Dodecylpyridinium chloride (DPC) micelles were determined in presence of varying concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium acetate (SAc), sodium propionate (SPr), ethylammonium chloride (EACl), diethylammonium chloride (DEACl), tetraethylammonium chloride (TEACl), and propylammonium chloride (PACl) through conductometric investigations at 298.15 K. The resulting data suggests that both counter and coions affect the cmc values‐cmc depressing tendency of the salts varies in order PACl≈NaCl>EACl>DEACl>TEACl>SPr>SAc, while the degree of counterion dissociation is dependent on the nature and concentration range of the added salt. Increasing salt concentration increases the relative hydrophobic volume of the micelles and coion has not much effect on aggregation number.  相似文献   
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Summary: Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM‐D) is employed to determine the effect of salt on the volume phase transition of thermoresponsive polymer brushes. Changes in mass and viscoelasticity of poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) layers grafted from a QCM‐D crystal are measured as a function of temperature, upon contact with aqueous solutions of varying salt concentrations. The phase‐transition temperature of PNIPAM brushes, TC,graft, quantified from the QCM‐D measurements is found to decrease as the concentration of salt is increased. This phenomenon is explained by the tendency of salt ions to affect the structure of water molecules (Hofmeister effect). However, in contrast to the linear decrease in phase‐transition temperature upon increasing salt concentration observed for free PNIPAM, the trend in TC,graft for PNIPAM brushes is distinctively non‐linear.

Schematic representation of the effect of salt concentration on the phase transition behavior of thermoresponsive polymer brushes.  相似文献   

80.
Boronic acids are widely used in materials science, pharmacology, and the synthesis of biologically active compounds. In this Article, geometrical structures and relative energies of dimers of boroglycine, H2N-CH2-B(OH)2, and its constitutional isomer H3C-NH-B(OH)2, were computed using second-order M?ller-Plesset perturbation theory and density functional theory; Dunning-Woon correlation-consistent cc-pVDZ, aug-cc-pVDZ, cc-pVTZ, and aug-cc-pVTZ basis sets were employed for the MP2 calculations, and the Pople 6-311++G(d,p) basis set was employed for a majority of the DFT calculations. Effects of an aqueous environment were incorporated into the results using PCM and COSMO-RS methodology. The lowest-energy conformer of the H2N-CH2-B(OH)2 dimer was a six-membered ring structure (chair conformation; Ci symmetry) with two intermolecular B:N dative-bonds; it was 14.0 kcal/mol lower in energy at the MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ computational level than a conformer with the classic eight-centered ring structure (Ci symmetry) in which the boroglycine monomers are linked by a pair of H-O...H bonds. Compared to the results of MP2 calculations with correlation-consistent basis sets, DFT calculations using the PBE1PBE and TPSS functionals with the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set were significantly better at predicting relative conformational energies of the H2N-CH2-B(OH)2 and H3C-NH-B(OH)2 dimers than corresponding calculations using the BLYP, B3LYP, OLYP, and O3LYP functionals, particularly with respect to dative-bonded structures.  相似文献   
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