碘量法测定水中溶解氧

针对碘量法中反应试剂硫酸锰溶解缓慢、实验周期较长并伴有大量沉淀的现象,进行了氯化锰和硫酸锰对比实验,结果证明,采用氯化锰替代硫酸锰作反应试剂较好.对影响碘量法测定结果的因素进行了研究,控制适量的氯化锰和硫酸加入量.可提高碘量法的准确度.     

基于学科素养论证分析2020年高考全国卷Ⅰ物理压轴题

2020年高考物理试题依托高考评价体系,结合物理学科特点,考试内容以学科素养考查为导向,即以物理观念、科学思维、科学探究、科学态度与责任的物理学科素养为导向,注重对核心物理概念和规律的考查,引导学生夯实学习发展的基础,促进中学重视培养学生的基础知识、基本技能以及提升学生的基本素养.基于物理学科素养,论证分析2020年高考全国理综卷Ⅰ物理压轴计算题,助力培养学生科学思维.     

多柱串联高温HPLC系统的构建及应用

在高效液相色谱(HPLC)中,使用多柱串联能够极大地增加柱效和改善分离效果,提高温度能够明显降低色谱柱反压、加快分析速度.将色谱柱串联与提高柱温相结合构建了多柱串联高温HPLC系统,该系统常温下分析标准样品时(以芴计),绝对柱效达7.6×104塔板数;柱温升高到120℃,色谱柱反压从35.3MPa降低到15.4MPa,分析时间从78.39min缩短为19.26min.采用构建的系统分析中药六味地黄丸,常温下出峰94个,升高温度至100℃出峰80个,分离效果较常规的单柱系统有明显提高;升高温度,使主要组分的出峰时间缩短,可获得更为详尽的组成信息.     

3-仲氨基氧杂环丁烷-3-腈衍生物的合成

以仲胺、氧杂环丁-3-酮和三甲基氰硅烷为原料,无水甲醇为溶剂,无需催化剂,一步反应合成目标化合物3-仲氨基氧杂环丁烷-3-腈衍生物(1a～1d),产物结构经¹H NMR、¹³C NMR和ESI-MS表征。并以异吲哚啉、氧杂环丁-3-酮和三甲基氰硅烷的反应为模型反应,考察影响产物1a收率的主要因素,优化反应条件为:物料摩尔比为n(异吲哚啉)∶n(氧杂环丁-3-酮)∶n(三甲基氰硅烷)=2.0∶1∶2.5;反应溶剂为无水甲醇,在65℃反应6h,在此反应条件下,化合物1a收率78.3%。化合物1a与苯基溴化镁在四氢呋喃中室温反应5h,可得到2-(3-苯基氧杂环丁烷-3-基)异吲哚啉(4)和[3-(异吲哚啉-2-基)氧杂环丁烷-3-基](苯基)甲酮(5),收率分别为40.1%和31.5%。     

射流对绕水翼云空化流动抑制机理研究

为理解绕水翼云空化流动的发展机理和探究水翼吸力面开孔射流的影响,采用密度修正的RNG k-ε湍流模型和Schnerr-Sauer空化模型对原始NACA66(mod)水翼和采用射流后的水翼的云空化非定常过程进行模拟和对比分析;采用在水翼吸力面近壁区设立监测线的方法对近壁区的流场进行监测,得到近壁区汽相体积分数、回射流速度、压力及压力梯度的时空分布云图;开展了云空化流场特性的涡动力学分析,进而分析水翼云空化的发生机理和射流抑制空化的抑制机理.结果表明:游离型空泡在下游溃灭时产生强烈的局部高压,其向上游传播导致前缘空穴的一次回缩,而空穴的二次回缩受回射流的影响.回射流的发展区域受限于较高的压力梯度,高的压力梯度一直存在,但回射流在一个周期内的首次出现需要时间的积累.在水翼吸力面射流使得射流孔附近压力升高,弥补了由于空化和绕流造成的压降,压力梯度增大,抗逆压能力增强,对回射流起到阻挡作用;另一方面,射流使得回射流区域面积和回射流的强度也有所减小,从而对云空化的发展起到抑制的效果.Q准则的涡结构云图相比于汽相体积分数云图能显示复杂的流动结构,前缘附着型空穴和尾缘游离型空穴内存在旋涡,回射流对空穴...     

基于聚合诱导自组装制备二氧化硅/聚合物纳米复合材料

纳米二氧化硅(SiO2)颗粒以其高硬度、高比表面积、高稳定、价格合理等优势被广泛应用于复合材料的制备中,获得的SiO2/聚合物复合材料通常具有优良的机械性能、很好的热稳定性以及增强的光学和电性能.近年来,随着聚合诱导自组装(PISA)的提出与发展,研究者们基于PISA发展了多种制备不同形貌聚合物纳米粒子的简便方法,为制...     

Security Analysis of DBTRU Cryptosystem

DBTRU was proposed by Thang and Binh in 2015. As a variant of NTRU, the integer polynomial ring is replaced by two binary truncated polynomial rings GF(2)[x]/(xn+1). DBTRU has some advantages over NTRU in terms of security and performance. In this paper, we propose a polynomial-time linear algebra attack against the DBTRU cryptosystem, which can break DBTRU for all recommended parameter choices. The paper shows that the plaintext can be achieved in less than 1 s via the linear algebra attack on a single PC.     

A Comprehensive Review with Updated Future Perspectives on the Ethnomedicinal and Pharmacological Aspects of Moringa oleifera

Moringa oleifera is an ancient remedy plant, known as the miraculous plant due to its many prominent uses and significant health benefits. It is a nutrient-rich plant, with exceptional bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols that possess several medicinal properties. Many significant studies have been carried out to evaluate the ethnomedicinal and pharmacological properties of M. oleifera in various applications. Therefore, this comprehensive review compiles and summarizes important findings from recent studies on the potential properties of different parts of M. oleifera. The pharmacological properties of M. oleifera have been studied for various potential biological properties, such as cardio-protective, anti-oxidative, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-diabetic and anti-carcinogenic effects. Therefore, the potential of this plant is even more anticipated. This review also highlights the safety and toxicity effects of M. oleifera treatment at various doses, including in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials from human studies.     

Electrochemical oxidative rearrangement of tetrahydro-β-carbolines in a zero-gap flow cell

Oxidative rearrangement of tetrahydro-β-carbolines (THβCs) is one of the most efficient methods for the synthesis of biologically active spirooxindoles, including natural products and drug molecules. Here, we report the first electrochemical approach to achieve this important organic transformation in a flow cell. The key to the high efficiency was the use of a multifunctional LiBr electrolyte, where the bromide (Br⁻) ion acts as a mediator and catalyst and lithium ion (Li⁺) acts as a likely hydrophilic spectator, which might considerably reduce diffusion of THβCs into the double layer and thus prevent possible nonselective electrode oxidation of indoles. Additionally, we build a zero-gap flow cell to speed up mass transport and minimize concentration polarization, simultaneously achieving a high faradaic efficiency (FE) of 96% and an outstanding productivity of 0.144 mmol (h⁻¹ cm⁻²). This electrochemical method is demonstrated with twenty substrates, offering a general, green path towards bioactive spirooxindoles without using hazardous oxidants.

A zero-gap flow cell was designed for the first electro-oxidative rearrangement of tetrahydro-β-carbolines to spirooxindoles with high yield, faradaic efficiency and productivity when LiBr was discovered as a bi-functional mediator and catalyst.     

反相微乳液法制备纳米Ag2S增感剂的化学增感研究

本文用反相微乳液法制备了纳米Ag₂S,并用作卤化银乳剂的硫增感剂,研究了其增感效果、增感规律及可能的增感机理.反相微乳液由异辛烷、表面活性剂AOT钠盐和水形成;制得的Ag₂S粒径3—5 nm;用制得颗粒增感卤化银乳剂,获得的感光性能优越于用Na₂S₂O₃水溶液增感;增感规律的研究表明,随着乳剂中纳米Ag₂S浓度的增加,模型乳剂感光度迅速提高、灰雾变化不大,并在100—200μmol/molAg左右获得最佳感光性能,进一步增加浓度则感光度呈下降趋势、灰雾升高;获得最佳感光性能所需的化学增感时间很短,约40分钟,之后感光度不再增加、灰雾上升;用漫反射光谱(DRS)作探针,跟踪记录增感时卤化银微晶表面上纳米Ag₂S增感剂颗粒的演变,为新型纳米增感剂的优异增感特性提供了机理性解释.