Uniform and weak stability of Bresse system with two infinite memories

In this paper, we consider one-dimensional linear Bresse systems in a bounded open domain under Dirichlet–Neumann–Neumann boundary conditions with two infinite memories acting only on two equations. First, we establish the well-posedness in the sense of semigroup theory. Then, we prove two (uniform and weak) decay estimates depending on the speeds of wave propagations, the smoothness of initial data and the arbitrarily growth at infinity of the two relaxation functions.     

An optimization approach for planning daily drayage operations

Daily drayage operations involve moving loaded or empty equipment between customer locations and rail ramps. Our goal is to minimize the cost of daily drayage operations in a region on a given day. Drayage orders are generally pickup and delivery requests with time windows. The repositioning of empty equipment may also be required in order to facilitate loaded movements. The drayage orders are satisfied by a heterogeneous fleet of drivers. Driver routes must satisfy various operational constraints. We present an optimization methodology for finding cost-effective schedules for regional daily drayage operations. The core of the formulation is a set partitioning model whose columns represent routes. Routes are added to the formulation by column generation. We present numerical results for real-world data which demonstrate that our methodology produces low cost solutions in a reasonably short time.     

Blowing‐up solutions to two‐times fractional differential equations

Nonexistence results for a class of two‐times differential equations with fractional derivatives of orders between zero and one are presented. Furthermore, the result is extended to a two‐times system of two differential equations with fractional derivatives of orders between zero and one.     

An acceleration scheme for cyclic subgradient projections method

An algorithm for solving convex feasibility problem for a finite family of convex sets is considered. The acceleration scheme of De Pierro (em Methodos de projeção para a resolução de sistemas gerais de equações algébricas lineares. Thesis (tese de Doutoramento), Instituto de Matemática da UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 1981), which is designed for simultaneous algorithms, is used in the algorithm to speed up the fully sequential cyclic subgradient projections method. A convergence proof is presented. The advantage of using this strategy is demonstrated with some examples.     

On necessary and sufficient conditions for near-optimal singular stochastic controls

In this paper we discuss the necessary and sufficient conditions for near-optimal singular stochastic controls for the systems driven by a nonlinear stochastic differential equations (SDEs in short). The proof of our result is based on Ekeland’s variational principle and some delicate estimates of the state and adjoint processes. It is well known that optimal singular controls may fail to exist even in simple cases. This justifies the use of near-optimal singular controls, which exist under minimal conditions and are sufficient in most practical cases. Moreover, since there are many near-optimal singular controls, it is possible to choose suitable ones, that are convenient for implementation. This result is a generalization of Zhou’s stochastic maximum principle for near-optimality to singular control problem.     

Model-independent constraints on spin observables

We discuss model-independent constraints on spin observables in exclusive and inclusive reactions, with special attention to the case of photoproduction.     

Unexpected acidity enhancement triggered by AlH3 association to phosphines

The complexes formed by the interaction between a series of phosphines R-PH(2) (R = H, CH(3), c-C(3)H(5), C(6)H(5)) and AlH(3) have been investigated through the use of high-level G4 ab initio calculations. These very stable complexes behave as much stronger acids than the isolated phosphines. This dramatic acidity enhancement, which can be as high as 174 kJ mol(-1), results from a much greater stabilization of the anionic deprotonated species with respect to the neutral one, upon AlH(3) association. This effect depends quantitatively on the nature of the substituent R and is smaller for R = C(6)H(5) because of the conjugation of the P lone pair with the aromatic system. More unexpectedly, however, the phosphine-alane complexes, RPH(2):AlH(3), are more acidic than the corresponding phosphine-borane RPH(2):BH(3) analogues. This unexpected result is due to the enhanced stability of the anionic deprotonated species for complexes involving AlH(3), because the delocalization of the newly created P lone pair with the P-Al bonding density is more favorable when the Lewis acid is aluminum trihydride than when it is borane.     

Facile synthesis and antimicrobial evaluations of some novel pyrazolo[3,4-b]selenolo[3,2-e]pyrazines and their related heterocycles

A new series of pyrazolopyrazinoselenolotriazolopyrimidines was synthesized by a facile method based on condensation of 5-amino-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]selenolo[3,2-e]pyrazine-6-carbonitrile ( 3 ) with triethyl orthoformate followed by intramolecular cyclization with hydrazine to afford 7-amino-8-imino-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1,8-dihydro-7H-pyrazolo[3″,4″:5′,6′]pyrazino[2′,3′:4,5] selenolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine ( 5 ). The latter compound was utilized as a multipurpose precursor for the construction of other new triazoles fused to the pyrazolopyrazino- selenolopyrimidine moiety. Alternatively, acetylation and chloro-acetylation of compound 3 using acetic anhydride and chloroacetyl chloride yielded the acetyl amino 11 and chloroacetamido 12 derivatives, respectively. Compound 12 underwent nucleophilic substitution upon reaction with morpholine to provide the morpholinyl acetamide 13 . Furthermore, the pyrazolopyridoselenolopyrazine ring system 14 was synthesized by the reaction of the o-amino-carbonitrile 3 with malononitrile. Assignment of the chemical structures for the new compounds was confirmed depending on elemental and spectral techniques. On the other hand, most of the synthesized compounds revealed promising results against various bacterial and fungal strains.