Bile acids as stationary phase in liquid chromatography

Summary Bile acids chemically bonded onto aminopropylsilica have been employed as stationary phases in liquid chromatography. Bile acid aggregates were dynamically formed around molecules chemically anchored on the supports when the eluent contained bile salts. The bile salt aggregates achieved the separation of 1,1′-binaphthyl-2,2′-diyl-hydrogenphosphate enantiomers and dansyl amino acids.     

Retention behavior of aromatic hydrocarbons and dansylamino acids in reversed-phase liquid chromatography with cation-exchange-induced stationary phases

The retention behavior of aromatic hydrocarbons and dansylamino acids on cation-exchangers modified with alkylammonium ions has been examined by microcolumn liquid chromatography. Several parameters affected the retention of analytes, involving concentration of the modifier in the mobile phase, its alkyl chain length and mobile phase composition. Stationary phases modified with a reagent having longer alkyl chains achieved better column efficiency.     

Improvement of nerve conduction velocity in mutant diabetic mice by aldose reductase inhibitor without affecting nerve myo-inositol content

The sciatic motor nerve conduction velocity of mutant diabetic C57BL/Ks mice was significantly improved from 30.0 +/- 1.4 to 38.0 +/- 4.6 m/s by treatment with the aldose reductase inhibitor 1-[(beta-naphthyl)sulfonyl]hydantoin (30 mg/kg/d) for 2 weeks. The treatment, however, did not cause any significant change in myo-inositol concentration in the sciatic nerve. The results indicate that the ameliorating effect of the aldose reductase inhibitor on nerve conduction velocity in mutant diabetic mice is not due to alteration of myo-inositol content in the nerve.     

New exact results on density matrix for XXX spin chain

Letters in Mathematical Physics - Using the fermionic basis, we obtain the expectation values of all $${\mathfrak {sl}}_{2}$$ -invariant and C-invariant local operators on 10 sites for the...     

Correction to: Generation of amplitude- and phase-modulated signal beam with a phase-only spatial light modulator and its detection by the transport of intensity equation method for holographic data storage

This study evaluates a novel holographic data storage (HDS) that uses a phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM) for the multilevel complex amplitude modulation of a signal beam and the transport of intensity equation (TIE) method to detect the signal beam without interferometry, to increase the capacity of the HDS, simplifying its optical system, and improving the stability of the signal beam modulation and detection. Both the amplitude and phase of the signal beam were modulated by a computer-generated hologram displayed in a phase-only SLM, a 4-f optical system, and a pinhole placed in the Fourier plane. The complex amplitude-modulated signal beam generated by this scheme does not always perfectly match the target complex amplitude, and deviations from the amplitude and phase of the target complex amplitude may exist. It is unclear whether the TIE method, which is sensitive to the state of the beam intensity and the phase distributions to be detected (such as zero-intensity points and phase discontinuities), can accurately detect a signal beam whose complex amplitude is modulated by the modulation scheme with a phase-only SLM. Here, we demonstrate via numerical simulations and experiments that several methods of complex amplitude generation using a phase-only SLM can achieve multilevel modulation of the amplitude and phase of a signal beam and are suitable for detection by the TIE method in HDS.

     

Structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of pristine and oxygen-adsorbed graphene nanoribbons

The structural, electronic and magnetic properties of pristine and oxygen-adsorbed (3,0) zigzag and (6,1) armchair graphene nanoribbons have been investigated theoretically, by employing the ab initio pseudopotential method within the density functional scheme. The zigzag nanoribbon is more stable with antiferromagnetically coupled edges, and is semiconducting. The armchair nanoribbon does not show any preference for magnetic ordering and is semiconducting. The oxygen molecule in its triplet state is adsorbed most stably at the edge of the zigzag nanoribbon. The Stoner metallic behaviour of the ferromagnetic nanoribbons and the Slater insulating (ground state) behaviour of the antiferromagnetic nanoribbons remain intact upon oxygen adsorption. However, the local magnetic moment of the edge carbon atom of the ferromagnetic zigzag ribbon is drastically reduced, due to the formation of a spin-paired C-O bond.     

Rate acceleration of organic reaction by immediate solvent evaporation

Several types of organic reactions were accelerated by immediate evaporation of solvents because of remarkable enhancement of molecule-to-molecule contacts between reactants.