Modulation-spectral method for analyzing the amplitude-phase structure of optical inhomogeneities of objects

An original solution to the phase problem in optics is considered as applied to the problems of recording and analysis of the amplitude-phase structure of optical fields used for studying fine structures and inhomogeneities in steady-state objects producing effects to fractions of the wavelength period. The problem is solved by probing objects using radiation with a known structure. Intensity distributions of the probing field are detected at the exit from the object by using the modulation-spectral method directly for the spatial frequency spectrum and for the spatial frequency spectrum subjected to additional modulation formed in a special way, which is realized in the plane under study and provides visualization of the phase information contained in the light field in some form. The intensity distributions obtained make it possible to calculate the two-dimensional amplitude-phase structure of the field analyzed and, hence, the fine structure of the optical inhomogeneities of the object analyzed for the chosen probing direction. For steady-state objects, probing in a number of directions is possible. Information on the bulk structure of the inhomogeneities under study can be obtained by using the information available on the symmetry of the object. Two variants of action of the medium on probing radiation are considered. In the first one, the action is related to spatial field modulation (described by the multiplication operation); in the second one, the action leads to redistribution of radiation in the plane studied (described by the convolution operation).     

Reduction of carbon monoxide by chromous hydroxide

Conclusions Chromous hydroxide reduces CO under mild conditions in protic media. The major reactions products are methane and methanol. Methane is formed from CO in the coordination sphere of the complex without the escape of formaldehyde or methanol into the solution.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 12, pp. 2788–2790, December, 1985.     

Formation of sym-triazines by the reaction of acyl isocyanates with benzamidine

2-Hydroxy-1,3,5-triazines containing aryl or alkyl substituents in the 4,6 positions have been obtained only recently by the action on amidines of N-(-chloroalkylidene)carbamoyl chlorides [1] or N-acylimidic esters [2].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii.Vol. 6,No. 7,pp. 1001–1002, July, 1970.     

Synthesis,Structure, and Luminescence Properties of a {Mo6I8} Complex with (C6F5)2PO2 Ligands

Reaction of [Mo₆I₈(CH₃COO)₆]^2– with bis(pentafluorophenyl)phosphinic acid HO(O)P(C₆F₅)₂ yielded a new bright‐red luminescent complex [{Mo₆I₈}(O₂P(C₆F₅)₂)₆]^2–, isolated as (Bu₄N)(H₅O₂)[{Mo₆I₈}(O₂P(C₆F₅)₂)₆] · 3(Et₂O) · 1.5(acetone). It was characterized by X‐ray analysis, CV, ESI‐mass spectrometry, and NMR spectroscopy.     

Complexes based on citrus pectin for delivery of tetracycline

The formation of complexes of sodium polygalacturonate with the antimicrobial drug tetracycline was confirmed by UV spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and dynamic light scattering. The stoichiometry of the complexes with the maximum tetracycline content (6.68 wt.%) was determined. The morphological characteristics of the synthesized complexes were studied by scanning electron microscopy in comparison with the initial compounds.

     

New bifunctional amphiphilic oxyethylimidazolium derivatives of calix[4]arene containing alkynyl/azide fragments: regularities of aggregation and polymerization under azide/alkyne cycloaddition conditions

Russian Chemical Bulletin - New bifunctional amphiphilic oxyethylimidazolium derivatives of calix[4]arene with terminal alkynyl or azide fragments in the polar moiety of the molecule were...     

Singular Integral Equations on Non-Smooth Curves in Hölder–Frechét Space

We consider singular integral equations on non-smooth rectifiable curves and on certain classes of curves of infinite length.     

On Laplace invariants for equations with dominating third-order partial derivative and two independent variables

Laplace invariants are constructed and the constitutive equations are written in terms of them. Classes of equations which admit four-dimensional Lie algebras are distinguished.     

Methyl Propiolate Cluster Complex (Ph4P)2[W6I8(C≡C–C(O)OCH3)6]

Russian Journal of Coordination Chemistry - A new organometallic iodide cluster complex (Bu4N)2[W6I8(C≡C–C(O)OCH3)6] (I), analogous to the previously described...     

Synthesis, structure and properties of novel N-thiophosphorylated derivatives of 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-imine and imidazolidine-2-imine

The reaction of bis-thiourea o-C₆H₄[NHC(S)NHP(S)(Oi-Pr)₂]₂ (1) with iodine, KOH and ClCH₂C(O)OCH₃ leads to O,O′-diisopropyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-ylideneamidothiophosphate (2) formation. The complex of the potassium salt of compound 2 with 18-crown-6, having the composition [K(18-crown-6)L], has been synthesized. Bis-thiourea [CH₂NHC(S)NHP(S)(Oi-Pr)₂]₂ (6) forms a stable potassium salt, which oxidation by iodine leads to a product of heterocyclization, O,O′-diisopropyl-(1-{[(diisopropoxyphosphorothio)amino]carbonothioyl}imidazolidine-2-ylidene)amidothiophosphate (8), in which one of the thiourea fragments is kept.